• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.648-654
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• 2004

This study was carried out to assess whether feeding of alcohol-fermented feeds (AFF) affects the nutritional metabolism and growth characteristics of Korean native steers. Ten steers were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. The dietary treatments were AFF (50% commercial beef cattle feed+30% alcohol-fermented soybean curd dregs+20% rice straw) and control (80% commercial beef cattle feed+20% rice straw). The change of serum metabolites and growth characteristics were measured every two months during the whole twelve months experimental period and the relationships between serum metabolites and growth characteristics were simultaneously analyzed. Four hours after feeding AFF, serum alcohol concentration reached its peak with a significantly higher value than that after control feeding (11.9 and 4.9 mg/dl, respectively). Serum glucose and inorganic phosphorus (IP) concentrations (63.1 and 8.4 mg/dl, respectively) of steers fed AFF were higher than those (56.6 and 7.0 mg/dl) fed the control diet. In both treatments, the serum glucose concentration rapidly increased when body weight (BW) of the steer reached about 600kg, while IP concentrations were rapidly diminished at that BW. Lower concentrations of both blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and cholesterol were observed in steers fed AFF up to 450 kg of BW. The IP concentration was correlated with concentrations of BUN, cholesterol and glucose in AFF fed cattle but not in the cattle fed control diets. Average daily gain was higher in steers fed AFF than steers fed control, particularly during the growing stage of cattle. These findings indicated a capability of AFF to improve BW gain of Korean native steers by decreased protein degradation as well as increased fat synthesis.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.1015-1018
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• 1998

Capsaicin(8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide: CAP) known well as a major compound of not taste in hot pepper, was investigated for the inhibition effect on in vitro nitrosation. CAP(100$\mu$mol) inhibited the formation of N-nitrosoproline(NPRO) and N-nitrosothioproline(NTPRO) by 56% and 26%, respectively. Vanillyl alcohol inhibited the nitrosation of proline by a concentration-dependent manner, and vanillic acid and vanillin were less effective in blocking the nitrosation of proline compared to CAP and anillyl alcohol. The inhibitory effect of NPRO formation by CAP was evaluated to similar with alpha-tocopherol, and vanillyl alcohol was more effective than alpha-tocopherol in blocking the nitrosation of proline. Our results suggested that CAP and its metabolites such as vanillyl alcohol could inhibit endogenous nitrosation in hydrophobic biological environment.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 1996

We studied the effects of a single, combined and mixed exposure of benzene, toluene and xylene on the activities of rat liver microsomal AHH, ADH and ALDH, and the excretion of their metabolites in urine. The AHH activities of the rats treated in combination and mixture were slightly higher and/or similar to those rats treated with single solvent, while the reverse effects were observed for ADH and ALDH. Similar effects were observed when the metabolites were examined in urine (p < 0.01). These results suggest that each solvent might interJkre the induction and action of ADH and ALDH, and decrease the excretion of their metabolites into urine.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.481-486
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• 1999

Excessive or long term ingestion of alcohol may cause hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatic tumor and so on. Aldehyde and active form of free oxygen that are metabolites of alcohol in liver are the cause of liver cell damage. The main system of alcohol metabolism is composed of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and cytochrome P450. In connection with in vivo alcohol metabolism, more than one hundred natural products were screened for inhibition or activation of alcohol dehydrogenase. As a results, we found significant inhibition ($IC_50$) of ADH by methanolic extracts of Puerariae Radix ($61.2{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$), Glycyrrhizae Radix ($105.0{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$), Cinnamomi Ramulus ($7.0{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$), Rhei Rhizoma ($36.7{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$), Mori Cortex Radicis ($106.2{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$), Chrysanthemi Flos ($112.2{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$), Erycibes Caulis ($36.7{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$), and Scutellariae Radix ($122.5{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$)

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.259-263
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• 1990

To assess the effects of water extracts in fruits of Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon) on alcohol metabolism, rats were orally administrated with alcohol (25% alcohol, 0.75g/200g B.W., 40% alcohol, 0.8g/200g B.W.). The level of metabolites and enzyme activities of the serum and liver were unchanged by the 25% ethanol or 40% ethanol treatment with acute orally administration. Blood alcohol level was markdely decreased by the treatment with water extracts in fruits of Omija. The serum level of Urea nitrogen, Free fatty acid, GPT and LDH were tended to decreased, level of GOT was unchanged. Contents of hepatic microsomal protein, glycogen, pyruvate in the liver were increased by water extracts in fruits of Omija. In conclusion, the present study clearly demonstrates that water extract in fruits of Omija promotes the overall metabolism and detoxication of alcohol.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.299-304
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• 1991

In this study the effects of water extracts of endocarps and seeds of omija(Schizandra chinensis Baillon)on alcohol metabolism in rats were investigated. 25% alcoholic solution(v/v,0.75g/200g B.W.)and 40% alcoholic solution(v/v,0.80g/200g B.W.)were orally administered to rats for 2 hours. The levels of metabolites and enzyme activities both on serum and liver were not changed by acute oral adminiatration of 25% and 40% alcoholic solution. Blood alcohol levels were significantly lowered by treatment of water extracts of endocarps and seeds of omija in rats administered with 25% and 40% alcohol. In 25% alcohol treated group, serum GPT level was decreased but hepatic G-6-P DH and pyruvate levels were increased. In 40% alcohol treated group, water extracts of endocarps and seeds of omija resulted in a significant decreased in serum levels of FFA, GPT but increased in serum glucose level. Hepatic levels of cytosolic protein, glycogen and pyruvate were increased by water extracts of omija parts in 40% alcohol treated group.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 1999

When liriodendrin or syringin was incubated for 24 h with human intestinal bacteria, two metabolites, (+)-syringaresinol$\beta$--D-glucopyranoside and (+)-syringaresionl, from liriodendrin and one metabolite, synapyl alcohol, from syringin were produced. The metabolic time course of liriodendrin was as follows: at early time liriodendrin was converted to (+)-syringaresinol-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside, and then (+)-syringaresinol. The in vitro cytotoxicities of these metabolites, (+)-syringaresinol and synapyl alcohol, were superior to those of liriodendrin and syringin.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2004

Four secondary metabolites from an unidentified tunicate were isolated by treatment with trichloroethyl chloroformate(TECF) or acetic anhydride in pyridine. Their structures were determined by an extensive NMR analysis and the configuration of diacetyl derivatives(3a, 4a) was assigned by comparing with NMR data of a similar compound. Three new naturally occurring compounds (1, 3, 4) showed potent brine shrimp lethality and antifungal effect against Candia albicans.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.336-342
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• 2008

갯벌 토양 내 미생물 군집에 미치는 methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE)와 그의 대사산물인 tert-butyl alcohol(TBA) and formaldehyde(FA)의 영향을 조사하였다. 서로 다른 농도의 MTBE, TBA 및 FA를 갯벌 토양 microcosm에 첨가한 후 30일 간 실온에 방치했다. Microcosm 시료의 pH, 수분함량, 유기물 함량 등의 물리 화학적 특성을 측정하였다. 총 세균수와 탈수소 효소 활성변화를 측정하였고, 미생물 군집 구조는 16S rRNA-PCR-DGGE(Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) fingerprinting 기법을 이용해 모니터링 했다. 그 결과, MTBE, TBA 및 FA 첨가 농도와 물리 화학적 요인들 사이에는 상관관계가 없었다(P>0.05). 탈수소효소 활성과 총 세균수는 MTBE, TBA 및 FA 농도가 증가 될수록 감소하였다(P<0.05). 각각의 독성 물질들이 미생물 활성에 저해 영향을 주었으며 이들의 저해 정도는 FA > MTBE > TBA 순이었다. MTBE, TBA 및 FA 노출 후 군집의 우점종을 살펴 본 결과 Sphingobacteria, Flavobacteria, delta-proteobacteria, gamma-proteobacteria로 크게 네 그룹으로 이뤄졌다. 미생물 군집의 다양성 지수는 MTBE및 대사산물의 주입농도의 영향을 받지 않았다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.144-151
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• 1994

Using a flue-cured tobacco variety, BU 109, effect of growth regulators(Fatty Alcohol and C-MH) on the change of invertase activity and sugar metabolites were investigated. Invertase activity in untreated leaf tissue was decreased along with maturation of leaf, However, a momentary increase of the activity was observed in leaves by the dual treatment of fatty alcohol and C-MH regardless of leaf position while sole C-MH treatment resulted in activity increase by 14 days after the treatment. Similar tendency was observed in stalk. Sugar content in leaf was increased immediately after the treatment but no significant increase at large resulted until 14 days after treatment. After harvest, reducing sugar was increased by the growth regulators. Nevertheless, in case of dual treatment, the total sugar content was not different with that of untreated control. R/T ratio was gradually increased after topping stage and reached maximum at 14 days after treatment of growth regulators. It decreased a little after harvest but the RR ratio was relatively higher due to increase of reducing sugar resulted by the treatment of the chemicals. Upon treatment of growth regulators, reducing sugar content was increased in lugs and leaves compared to untreated control and the content of sugar metabolites was increased by the use of the chemicals either at lower or higher than recommended dose. Key words : MH, FA, invertase activity, total sugar, reducing sugar