• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2000

The relationship between air temperature and sea surface temperature and studied using the daily air temperature and sea surface temperature data for 25 years (1970~1994) at 9 coastal stations in Korea. Seasonal variations of air temperature have larger amplitudes than those of sea surface temperature. The seasonal variations of air temperature leads those of sea surface temperature by 2 to 3 weeks. The anomalies of sea surface temperature and air temperature with time scales more than 1 month are more ghighly correlated than those of short term, with time scales less than 1 month. Accumulated monthly anomalies of sea surface temperature and air temperature for 6 months shwoed higher correlation than the anomailes of each month. The magnitudes of sea surface temperature and air temperature anomalies are related with the duration of anomalies. Their magnitudes are large when the durations of anomalies are long.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.392-393
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• 2005

Due to the temporal and spatial simultaneity and the high-frequency repetition, the data set retrieved from the satellite observation is considered to be the most desirable ones for the study of air-sea interaction. With rapidly developing sensor technology, satellite-retrieved data has experienced improvement in the accuracy and the number of parameters. Nevertheless, since it is still impossible to directly measure the heat fluxes between air and sea, the bulk method is an exclusive way for the evaluation of the heat fluxes at the sea surface. It was noted that the large deviation of air temperature in the winter season by the linear regression despite good correlation coefficients. We propose a new algorithm based on the Fourier series with which the SST and the air temperature. We found that the mean of air temperature is a function of the mean of SST with the monthly gradient of SST inferred from the latitudinal variation of SST and the spectral energy of air temperature is related linearly to that of SST. An algorithm to obtain the air temperature over the sea was completed with a proper analysis on the relation between of air temperature and of SST. This algorithm was examined by buoy data and therefore the air temperature over the sea can be retrieved based on just satellite data.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.138-141
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• 2006

In developing algorithms to retrieve the sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface wind speed from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR) aboard the AQUA and the Advanced Earth Observation Satellite-II (ADEOS-II), data from the SeaWinds aboard ADEOS-II were helpful. Since features of the ocean microwave emission (Tb) related with ocean wind are not well understood, in case of using only AMSR data, combination of AMSR and SeaWinds revealed pronounced features about the ocean Tb. Two results from combinations of the two sensors were shown in this paper. One result was obtained at wind speeds over about 6m/s, in which the ocean Tb varies with the air-sea temperature difference, even though the SeaWinds wind speed is fixed at the same values. The ocean Tb increases as the air-sea temperature difference becomes negative, i.e., the boundary condition becomes unstable. This result indicates that the air temperature should be included in AMSR SST algorithm. The second result was obtained from comparison of two wind speeds between AMSR and SeaWinds. There is a small difference of two wind speeds, which might be related with several mechanisms, such as evaporation and plankton.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.374-380
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• 1985

12년간($1958{\sim}1969$) 동해의 경위도 2도 간격 격자상의 자료에 대한 조화분석을 통하여 동해의 표면수온, 기온 및 해면온도차의 계절적인 변화를 분석한 결과에 의하면, 동해에서 수온과 기온은 복사에너지 뿐만 아니라 해류와 계절풍에 의한 열이류의 영향을 크게 받고 있다. 동해에서 쓰시마난류가 흐르는 남동해역은 같은 위도상의 북서해역에 비하여 표면수온과 기온의 연평균이 높고 연교차의 폭이 작다. 이는 쓰시마난류에 의한 열이류 변화의 위상이 복사에너지 변화의 위상과 반대여서 계절적인 온도의 변화폭을 줄이기 때문이다. 동해에서 연평균 수온은 연평균 기온보다 $2{\sim}4^{\circ}C$ 높으며, 수온과 기온간의 차이는 계절에 따라 크게 변한다. 즉 여름에는 표면수온과 기온간에 차이가 거의 없지만, 겨울에는 수온이 기온보다 $6{\sim}10^{\circ}C$ 높으며, 겨울에 헌혈과 증발열을 통하여 해면으로부터 대기로 공급되는 에너지는 태양복사에너지의 2배에 달한다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.566-574
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• 1984

1962년부터 1981년까지 기온, 습도, 해면수온 자료를 이용하여 연안기후에 대한 해양의 영향을 조사하였다. 해면수온은 서해안에서 9월부터 3월 까지 약 6 개월동안, 동해안에서는 9월부터 4월까지 약 5개월동안 해안기온보다 높았다. 연안기온이 해면수온 보다 높아지는 것은 서해안에서는 3월, 남해안과 동해안에서는 4월로 서해안이 1개월 정도 빨랐다. 연안기온과 내륙기온, 연안기온과 해면수온과의 차, 그리고 연안습도와 해면수온, 해안습도와 내륙습도와의 차로 중회귀분석을 한 결과, 연안기후요소(기온과 습도)에 대한 해양 영향의 계수는 남해안과 동해안보다 서해안에서 약하게 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.629-636
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• 1997

We have analyzed focusing on the characteristics, speed and width of sea breeze front in Pusan coastal area using the meteorological data observed at Kimhae air force meteorological station because the presence of the front has Important effects on the dInstributlon of air pollution. The inland penetration of sea breeze front was recognized by steep variation of meteorological parameters(wind direction, wind speed, temperature, dew point temperature, air pressure, relative humidity) before and after its passage and the variation of $SO_2$ concentration, the speed and width of the sea breeze front was 2.07m/s and 217m, respectively. The structure and inland penetration of sea breeeze front should be taken into account whenever a model is to be compared with detailed field measurements.

• 대기
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2018

The statistical prediction model for wintertime surface air temperature, that is based on snow cover extent and Arctic sea ice concentration, is updated by considering $El-Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO). These additional factors, representing leading modes of interannual variability in the troposphere and stratosphere, enhance the seasonal prediction over the Northern Hemispheric surface air temperature, even though their impacts are dependent on the predicted month and region. In particular, the prediction of Korean surface air temperature in midwinter is substantially improved. In December, ENSO improved about 10% of prediction skill compared without it. In January, ENSO and QBO jointly helped to enhance prediction skill up to 36%. These results suggest that wintertime surface air temperature in Korea can be better predicted by considering not only high-latitude surface conditions (i.e., Eurasian snow cover extent and Arctic sea ice concentration) but also equatorial sea surface temperature and stratospheric circulation.

• 대기
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2017

The development mechanisms of an unusual heavy snowfall event, which occurred in the coast of Jeju Island on 23 January 2016 were investigated through a thermodynamic approach. The formation of heavy snowfall was attributed to the enhanced thermal convection in two ways. First, the convection was enhanced by the air-sea temperature difference between the cold air advection in low-troposphere associated with the strengthening of the Siberian High and abnormal warm sea surface temperature, which is $1{\sim}2^{\circ}C$ higher than normal year over the Yellow Sea (YS). Second, the convective instability was increased by the vertical temperature gradient between the 7 days-sustained cold air advection in low-troposphere and the abrupt cold air intrusion in mid-troposphere induced by the southward shift of a cold cut-off vortex ($-45^{\circ}C$) at the formation stage. Compared to the twelve hours prior to the formation, the low-level moisture increased by 5% through the moisture supply from the YS, and the air-sea temperature difference increased from $18.5^{\circ}C$ to $28.5^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, the upward sensible (latent) heat flux increased 1.5 (1.2) times over the YS before the twelve hours prior to the formation. Thereafter, the sustained moisture supply and upward turbulent heat flux helped to maintain the snowstorm.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.163-171
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• 1984

대기 및 해양적 요인들이 동해의 해면을 통한 열교환에 미치는 영향을 구명 하기 위하여, 해양의 열수지에 근거한 해석적인 모델을 만들고, 이 모델을 통하여 동해상 해면 열교환의 각 성분과 대기 온도의 연변화를 해석적으로 재현 (simulation) 하였다. 모델에 의한 이론적인 결과에 의하면, 동해에서 난류에 의한 열수송이 클수록 열복사, 잠열 및 현열의 방출이 증가한다. 그리고 표면수온이 증 가 함에 따라 잠열은 증가하지만, 역복사와 현열은 감소한다. 동해에서 연평균 수온이 1$^{\circ}C$ 증가하면 해상 기온의 연평균이 1.2$^{\circ}C$ 증가하는 효과를 가져오며, 해양의 저열량의 크기는 해면을 통한 열교환의 연변화에 지대한 영향을 미친다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.974-983
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• 1997

The Okhotsk Sea is unique natural object with climatic peculiarities. The climate of the Okhotsk Sea results from the general distribution of solar radiation during a year, and the characteristics of the atmospheric circulation that varies through a year: In cold half year the main pressure formations are Siberian high and Aleutian low. Asian low centered on Afghanistan dominates over the Asian continent in summer. The North-Pacific sea surface is under effect of permanent North Pacific high. The changes in their position from year to year are very significant. The anticyclonic activity over the Far Eastern Seas is one of the main factors for the formation of weather anomalies over the adjacent territories. The analysis of summer weather characteristics over the coast of Okhotsk and East Sea using the data obtained from Hydrometeorological stations during $1949\~1990$ showed that, to a great extent, distribution of the air temperature depends on thermal state of the Okhotsk Sea and atmospheric circulation over it. We show some relations between weather characteristics and the intensity of atmospheric action center for the North Pacific high in summer when its ridge propagates to Okhotsk Sea. Correlation coefficients between air pressure over the Okhotsk Sea and air temperature for the coastal areas reach up to 0.7. Analysis of the spatial-temporal distribution of main meteorological values over the Okhotsk Sea such as air pressure, and air temperature are also performed.