• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.897-902
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• 2004

PSMC5 subunit, which belongs to the 26S proteasomal subunit family, plays an important role in the antigen presentation mediated by MHC class I molecular. Full-length cDNA of porcine PSMC5 was isolated using the in silico cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Amino acid was deduced and the primary structure was analyzed. Results revealed that the porcine PSMC5 gene shares the high degree of sequence similarity with its mammalian counterparts at both the nucleotide level and the amino acid level. The RT-PCR was performed to detect the porcine PSMC5 expression pattern in seven tissues and the result showed that high express level was observed in spleen, lung, marrow and liver while the low express level was in muscle. The full-length genomic DNA sequence of porcine PSMC5 gene was amplified by PCR and the genomic structure revealed that this gene was comprised by 12 exons and 11 introns. Best alignment of the cDNA and genomic exon DNA sequence presents 4 mismatches and this information potentially bears further study in gene polymorphisms.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.401-410
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• 2006

The plastid transformation approach offers a number of unique advantages, including high-level transgene expression, multi-gene engineering, transgene containment, and a lack of gene silencing and position effects. The extension of plastid transformation technology to monocotyledonous cereal crops, including rice, bears great promise for the improvement of agronomic traits, and the efficient production of pharmaceutical or nutritional enhancement. Here, we report a promising step towards stable plastid transformation in rice. We produced fertile transplastomic rice plants and demonstrated transmission of the plastidexpressed green fluorescent protein (GFP) and aminoglycoside 3′-adenylyltransferase genes to the progeny of these plants. Transgenic chloroplasts were determined to have stably expressed the GFP, which was confirmed by both confocal microscopy and Western blot analyses. Although the produced rice plastid transformants were found to be heteroplastomic, and the transformation efficiency requires further improvement, this study has established a variety of parameters for the use of plastid transformation technology in cereal crops.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2000년도 제17차 정기총회 및 학술발표
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• pp.88-90
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• 2000

Although primordial germ cells(PGCs) have been used in the production of germline chimera, efficiency has not been satisfactory. The Present study was conducted to improve efficiency of germline chimera production using the cultured gonadal PGCs(gPGCs). Germline chimeric chickens were produced by transfer of cultured gonadal primordial germ cells from Korean Ogol Chicken (KOC) to White Leghorn (5.5-day-old) and cultured in vitro for 10 days. Approximately 200 gPGCs (2-day-old) recipient embryos from which blood had been withdrawn via the dorsal aorta prior to the injection. Recipient embryos were incubated until hatching. Germline chimerism of the chickens reaching maturity was examined by mating them with Korean Ogol Chicken. Donor-derived offspring were identified as germline chimeric chickens based on their feather color. The frequency of germline transmission of donor PGCs ranged 1.9∼60.7%. There was no difference between both sexes. Therefore, it can be concluded that efficiency of germline chimerism can be improved via using cultured gPGCs.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.142-153
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• 2006

This study was planned to investigate the current using status of agricultural products in school food service both produced in Korea and imported from other countries and the dieticians' perception on using those. A total of 723 dieticians of 442 elementary schools and 381 middle high schools were surveyed in July, 2003 to perform the purposes of the study. A high using rate (93.4%) for Korean agricultural products was investigated. As for meat such as pork and chicken except beef and eggs, the using rate of Korean agricultural products was high. Almost 100% of vegetables and fruits, except tropical fruits such as banana, kiwi, orange and pineapple supplied for school food service were also Korean products. As for nuts and edible oil, the rate of using for Korean agricultural products was comparatively lower than those of other food items due to the price gap. Most dieticians rated the quality of the products produced in Korea higher than that of the imported products in the aspects of their freshness, taste, and safety. But they found no difference in the package condition of the products produced in Korea and of those imported from other countries. This result suggests that the package system should be improved for the agricultural products produced in Korea.

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

Public transportation is public service that is contributed to the convenience of the public. However, opportunity for public services in rural areas is weaker than the chance in urban areas. The purpose of this study is to evaluate accessibility of various public facilities using public transportation. To evaluate the accessibility, we calculate the various time from community center to the nearest bus stop, walking time, riding time in bus, and waiting time for transfer. The results of this study ares as follows; (1) Villages occupy 19.8% in rural areas that walking time from community center to the nearest bus stop takes over 10 minutes in integrated Chungju-si; (2) The average speed is 21.9 km/hr estimated to departure and arrival time of bus route; (3) The accessibility time from community center using the average bus speed takes 15.43 minutes to public facilities, 35.15 minutes to emergency center, 8.70 minutes to medical center, 9.70 minutes to elementary school, 16.26 minutes to middle school, and 22.61 minutes high school; (4) The transfer time of public transportation takes 13.46, 21.96, 10.48, 7.78, 11.11, 16.10 minutes to public facilities, emergency center, medical center, elementary school, middle school, and high school, respectively; (4) Traffic accessibility using bus vehicles in the East and South Chungju-si is lower than areas in the West and North Chungju-si. Some villages surrounding public offices (eup-myeon office) which have a high density of population, indicate a high traffic accessibility.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.582-592
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to eating breakfast for middle and high school students in Seoul using the Theory of Planned Behavior. Out of 2,280 questionnaires distributed to 22 schools, 2,060 were returned (90.4% response rate) and 1,899 were analyzed (83.3% analysis rate). Gender, self-perceived household income level and mother's working status were examined as demographic factors. "Attitude", "Subjective norm", "Perceived difficulty in access to breakfast", "Perceived time restriction" and "Self restriction to breakfast" were extracted as psychosocial factors as the results of factor analysis and reliability test using 17 items. In case of middle school students, boys were more likely to skip breakfast than girls. The students perceiving their household income level "low or middle low" were more likely to skip breakfast than those who perceived their household income level "high or middle high". The students whose mother had a job tended to skip breakfast than those whose mother had no job. In case of high school students, the students perceiving their household income level "low or middle low" tended to skip breakfast than those perceiving their household income level "high or middle high". The results of analysis of variance, all the psychosocial factors examined in this study-"Attitude", "Subjective norm", "Perceived difficulty in access to breakfast", "Perceived time restriction" and "Self restriction to breakfast"- were related to the frequencies of eating breakfast during weekdays in both the middle and high school students.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.312-320
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of the school dietitian on superior agricultural products (SAP) and the status of using superior agricultural products in school meals. Questionnaires were distributed to 185 school dietitians after face to face interview, and a total of 181 responses were used for analysis. 82.3% of the respondents were using SAPs in school meals and there was a significant difference between elementary school (95.1%), middle school (76.8%) and high school (66.7%) dietitians (p < 0.001). 85.2% of the dietitians, who were using SAP, were purchasing SAPs through electronic bidding, and the main reason of not using SAPs was the higher price of SAPs than that of general agricultural products. The good agricultural practices (GAP) product was considered the most appropriate agricultural products for school meals by the majority of respondents (66.9%), and organic products was the next (13.3%). In addition, the most important selection criterion for a SAP perceived by school dietitians was safety (58.0%), and the main reason of using SAPs in school meals, when two choices were allowed, was 'to provide healthful food to children' (98.9%). The major barriers to using SAPs in school meals (two choices were allowed) were 'too expensive' (73.5%) and 'unstable supply' (32.6). In conclusion, it was suggested that there should be an improvement in SAP supply and management systems to increase the use of SAPs in school meals.

• 직업교육연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.61-83
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• 2010

이 연구는 농업계열 동일계 대학 교육과정을 성공적으로 이수하는데 필요한 고등학교 교육과정상의 보통교과목 및 전문교과목을 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 동일계 대학 전공기초능력 향상을 위한 농업계 고등학교의 교육과정 편성 방안 모색에 활용할 수 있는 기초 자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있었다. 이를 위하여 이 연구에서는 유의 표집을 통해 선정된 8개 농업계 대학의 116개 학과 교수들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 이 연구로부터 도출된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 농업계 대학 전공 학과들의 보편적인 학문적 특성으로 인하여 대체적으로 기초과학능력에 해당되는 생물 및 화학 교과목이 전공기초능력과 관련성이 높았지만, 농업기계와 농업토목 기준학과에서는 수학 및 물리, 농산물유통정보 기준학과에서는 경제 및 수학 교과목의 관련성이 높았다. 둘째, 동일계 대학 전공교과목을 성공적으로 이수하는 데에는 언어능력 및 외국어능력과 같은 기초수학능력이 반드시 뒷받침되어야 한다. 셋째, 식물자원은 재배, 동물자원은 동물자원, 식품가공은 식품위생, 농업기계는 농업기계 등과 같이 전공기초능력과 가장 관련성이 높은 농업생명산업계열 전문교과목은 교육과정상의 9개 기준학과별로 뚜렷한 차이가 발견되었고, 동일계 대학 전공기초능력 향상을 위해 반드시 선 이수해야 할 전문교과목 및 중요도 역시 이와 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 넷째, 동일계 대학 전공기초능력 향상에 실제적인 도움이 되기 위해서는 농생명산업계열 전문교과목들이 대체적으로 기본 개념 및 원리, 법칙 등을 실생활에 응용 또는 탐구할 수 있는 내용 중심으로 구성되어야 한다는 의견이 가장 많았지만, 식품가공 및 조경 기준학과에서는 실험 실습 내용을 중심으로, 생물공학 기준학과에서는 학문 이론적 내용을 중심으로 구성되어야 한다는 의견이 가장 많았다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.598-606
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• 2003

Salmonella encodes an enterotoxin (Stn) which possesses biological activity similar to the cholera toxin. Stn contributes significantly to the overall virulence of S. typhimurium in a murine model. The production of Stn is enhanced in a high-osmolarity medium and by contact with epithelial cells. In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo transcriptional regulations of the sin promoter revealed two promoters, P1 and P2. The P1 promoter identified by a primer extension analysis of stn mRNA exhibited a switching mechanism in vivo. Depending on the growth stage, transcription was initiated from different start sites termed $P1_S\;and\;P1_E$. $P1_S$, recognized by RNA polymerase containing ${\sigma}^S(E{\sigma}^S),\;and\;P1_E$, recognized by $E{\sigma}^70$, were activated during the stationary and exponential phases, respectively, while $P1_S\;and\;P1_E$ were both negatively regulated by CRPㆍcAMP and H-NS. Results revealed that $P1_S$ was the responsible promoter activated under a high osmolarity and low pH. The P2 promoter was identified 45 nucleotides downstream from $P1_E$ and negatively controlled by CRPㆍcAMP in vitro. No P2 activity was detected in vivo. The regulation of stn expression monitored using a Pstn::egfp fusion indicated that $E{\sigma}^S$ was required for the induction of stn and various factors were involved in stn regulation inside animal cells.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2002

본 연구는 6개월령의 한우 36두를 이용하여 양질 조사료의 보충(Rice straw;RT, Rice straw +cubed roughage;RCT)과 황토의 첨가수준(0%, 1%, 2% 황토)이 생산성, 육질 및 경제적 효과에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 실험기간 동안 볏짚에 양질 조사료의 보충(cubed roughage, RCT)은 볏짚단독 처리(RT)에 비하여 일당증체, 사료효율 및 출하체중에서 각각 10%, 6.8%, 8.2%로서 유의적으로 증가되었으나(P$<$0.05), 황토의 첨가는 한우의 성장성적에 뚜렷한 효과는 없는 것으로 나타났고, 2%의 첨가수준은 오히려 감소되는 경향을 보였다. 육질 및 경제성 분석에서는 RCT구는 뚜렷한 개선효과를 보였지만, RT구에서는 황토 1%에서만 첨가 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. RCT구에서는 1%, 2% 모두가 0%에 비하여 보다 개선된 결과를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과들은 한우 비육에 있어서 황토의 첨가는 성장성적에는 뚜렷한 효과가 나타나지 않았지만 육질과 경제적 효과에서는 1%의 첨가는 개선효과가 있는 것으로 사료되며, 고급육 생산을 위한 황토의 첨가시에는 양질의 조사료 보충이 경제적 효과성을 더욱 향상시킬 것으로 사료된다.