• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.4786-4797
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to understand the subjectivity on health and lifestyle of middle aged women and to explore the relationship between health and lifestyle. Q methodology was applied of the study. 29 statements for health and 27 statements for lifestyle were classified by 30 women of the age 40~60 years living in Seoul. The obtained data were analyzed by means of PC Quanl program. The result showed that the health and lifestyle of middle aged women were classified in 4 types and the characteristics and the relationship between health and life style have been identified. The types of health included 'health worrying type', 'daily living management type', 'discordance between one's words and action type', and 'early management type'. The types of lifestyle included 'occupation focused type', 'self norm value type', 'satisfying type', and 'religion focused type'. This study provided basic data to improve the health and life style of middle aged women, as well as to supply theoretical frame to prepare individualized nursing interventions.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.80 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2017

Background: Much of the attention of tuberculosis (TB) programs is focused on outcomes of microbiological cure and mortality, and health related quality of life (HRQL) is undervalued. Also, TB patients have a significantly higher risk of developing depression and anxiety compared with those in the general population. We intend to evaluate the HRQL and the prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety in hospitalized patients with TB. Methods: Cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil. Adult patients with pulmonary TB that were hospitalized during the study period were identified and invited to participate. HRQL was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) version 2. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to record symptoms of anxiety and depression. Results: Eighty-six patients were included in the analysis. The mean age of all patients was $44.6{\pm}15.4$ years, 69.8% were male, and 53.5% were white. Thirty-two patients (37.2%) were human immunodeficiency virus positive. Twenty-seven patients (31.4%) met study criteria for depression (HADS depression score ${\geq}11$) and 33 (38.4%) had anxiety (HADS anxiety score ${\geq}11$). Scores on all domains of SF-36 were significantly lower than the Brazilian norm scores (p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study shows that TB patients may have a poor HRQL. Additionally, we found a possible high prevalence of depression and anxiety in this population. Health care workers should be aware of these psychological disorders to enable a better management of these patients. The treatment of these comorbidities may be associated with better TB outcomes.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-72
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• 2011

This study explores the causes of online helping behavior. This study tests the effects of various explanatory factors on the basis of previous studies on helping behavior. These factors include social demographic, situational, motivational, and social capital factors. According to the survey of 475 university students living in Seoul in 2010, age and religion have significant effects on online helping behavior. In addition, the perceived helping opportunity, time and effort cost to help, and social capital factor have significant effects on online helping behavior. Results reveal that the effect of social capital factor is the largest among other variables. However, it is shown that the effects of benefit from helping, empathy, and personal norm are not statistically significant. It is also revealed that the effect of social capital factor is important across all types of online helping behavior except information helping. The policy implications are discussed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.282-290
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• 2013

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a health needs assessment (HNA) tool for persons with brain disorders and to assess the unmet needs of persons with brain disorders using the developed tool. Methods: The authors used consensus methods to develop a HNA tool. Using a randomized stratified systematic sampling method adjusted for sex, age, and districts, 57 registered persons (27 severe and 30 mild cases) with brain disorders dwelling in Seoul, South Korea were chosen and medical specialists investigated all of the subjects with the developed tools. Results: The HNA tool for brain disorders we developed included four categories: 1) medical interventions and operations, 2) assistive devices, 3) rehabilitation therapy, and 4) regular follow-up. This study also found that 71.9% of the subjects did not receive appropriate medical care, which implies that the severity of their disability is likely to be exacerbated and permanent, and the loss irrecoverable. Conclusions: Our results showed that the HNA tool for persons with brain disorders based on unmet needs defined by physicians can be a useful method for evaluating the appropriateness and necessity of medical services offered to the disabled, and it can serve as the norm for providing health care services for disabled persons. Further studies should be undertaken to increase validity and reliability of the tool. Fundamental research investigating the factors generating or affecting the unmet needs is necessary; its results could serve as basis for developing policies to eliminate or alleviate these factors.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.85-90
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• 2019

Purpose - In China, electric vehicle industry has been increased attention as a environmental friendly transportation to solve pollution problems, and still growing to solve a technological gap issues in automobile industry. Although the interest of electric vehicle is getting bigger, there are not many studies that showing consumers' intention to purchase an electric vehicle. Because of this phenomenon, this study tried to find the factors which can affect the purchase intention of electric vehicle. Research design, data, and methodology - Drawing on the Planned Behavior Theory(TPB), this study examined attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm of environmental protection, and the influence of economic benefits on purchase intention through survey. we measure 233 Chinese samples. Results - The results showed that attitude toward electric vehicles, subjective norms of environmental protection, and economic benefits had a significant effect on purchase intention. To be specific, the consciousness of environmental protection, economic considerations, product image and its characteristic are all considerable aspects from the standpoint of Chinese consumers. In addition, we found that the higher the age group, the weaker relationship between attitude toward electric vehicle and purchase intention. Conclusion - This study suggests that diverse factors related to the purchase intention of electric car in China market and Chinese consumers. Especially, economic benefit factors, which have a statistically significant and significant influence on the purchase intention of electric vehicles, are not significant variables in the existing electric vehicle research. This result is considered to be the result of the fact that the electric vehicle is not only an automobile having an environmentally friendly factor but also a product which makes it consider the economic situation. Put together, the results of this paper give us the theoretical basis for establishing an electric vehicle marketing strategy in the rapidly changing Chinese market. Also, this paper will provide new ventures for marketing and distribution strategies for Korean companies that are looking to expand into China.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.111-111
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• 2001

목적： To evaluate the feasibility of the event-related functional MR study using power grip studying the hand motor system 대상 및 방법： Event-related functional MRI was performed on a 1.5T MR unit in seven norm volunteers (man=7, right-handedness=2, left-handedness=5, mean age： 25 years). A single-shot GRE-EPI sequence (TR/TE/flip angle： 1000ms/40ms/90, FOV = 240 mm matrix= 64$\times$64, slice thickness/gap = 5mm/0mm, 7 true axial slices) was used for functiona MR images. A flow-sensitive conventional gradient echo sequence (TR/TE/flip angl 50ms/4ms/60) was used for high-resolution anatomical images. To minimize the gross hea motion, neck-holders (MJ-200, USA) were used. A series of MR images were obtained in axial planes covering motor areas. To exclude motion-corrupted images, all MR images wer surveyed in a movie procedure and evaluated using the estimation of center of mass of ima signal intensities. Power grip task consisted of the powerful grip of all right fingers and hand movement ta used very fast right finger tapping at a speed of 3 per 1 second. All tasks were visual-guid by LCD projector (SHARP, Japan). Two tasks consisted of 134 phases including 7 activatio and 8 rest periods. Active stimulations were performed during 2 seconds and rest period were 15 seconds and total scan time per one task was 2 min 14 sec. Statistical maps we obtained using cross-correlation method. Reference vector was time-shifted by 4 seconds an Gaussian convolution with a FWHM of 4 seconds was applied to it. The threshold in p val for the activation sites was set to be 0.001. All mapping procedures were peformed usin homemade program an IDL (Research Systems Inc., USA) platform. We evaluated the activation patterns of the motor system of power grip compared to hand movement in t event-related functional MRI.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.353-368
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• 2015

Walter Van Beirendonck expresses a fairy tale world of perverted sexual desire of sadism and masochism, violence, and aggressiveness that breaks from a transient one-time concept as is an essential element of fashion. This study classifies the aesthetic characteristic shown on the design of Walter Van Beirendonck and analyzes the intent of his symbolism and meaning. The attempt has a meaning in exploring a new directionality of fashion by conveying a critical message to this end, contemporary fashion breaks down boundaries with artistic genre and connects a problematic consciousness that exists in life with fashion. The results of study on the aesthetic characteristics of Walter Van Beirendonck are as follows. First, Beirendonck emphasized an interpersonal image about body by giving a question through the deconstruction of image on a perfect body into race, age, and body based on body modification. Second, fetishism appeared as a consciousness that human identity and character can be changed by connecting a fetish element of sexual identity, and sadism and masochism with fashion's imagination. Third, infantilism as an amusement expression of the form metaphorically satirized life of modern people. Fourth, makeup shown on performance or festival of an African tribe was used in the way of mixture or reuse for ethnography to obtain inspiration from ethnography. Fifth, pop art combined a popular culture code as amusement through mass production and mass media. Aesthetics of Beirendonck do not have norm and are bold in using form, color, pattern, print, and styling because Beirendonck reinterpreted critical attitudes about essential problems that human life entails into a motif of his symbolic meaning in amusement. In regards to his design aesthetics, Beirendonck expanded fashion to the scope of Gesamtkunstwerk in a consistent and continued theme combined with philosophical creativity and differentiated from other fashion designers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.245-269
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• 2017

To assess and understand the level of job burnout among the medical librarians and identify the factors affecting it, email survey, consisting of questions regarding personal background, organization characteristics, degree of burnout, and coping activities, was administered for two weeks in December 2016, to the librarians in 138 institutions affiliated with the Korean Medical Library Association. MBI-GS is used as a burnout measuring instrument. Data collected from 158 librarians (response rate 65.6%), were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis methods. According to MB-GS norm, respondents experience moderate level of exhaustion and professional efficacy, however the level of cynicism is extremely high. There are significant statistical differences in burnout, depending on age, medical librarian certificate, work experience, type of library, job coverage, and coping activities. There are also statistical significant correlations between workload, role conflict, decision making process and performance evaluation, organization communication, IT environment, continuing education and burnout. Based on the results, recommendations to alleviate burnout are suggested in individual, organizational, and professional association context.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the peak torques of the knee and ankle joint and local stability of the lower extremity's joints, and muscle activation patterns of the lower extremity's muscles between fallers and non-fallers in the elderly women during walking. Method: Four elderly women (age: $74.5{\pm}5.2yrs.$; height: $152.1{\pm}5.6cm$; mass: $55.3{\pm}5.4kg$; preference walking speed: $1.19{\pm}0.06m/s$) who experienced falls within six months since experiment had been conducted (falls group) and thirty-six subjects ($74.2{\pm}3.09yrs.$; height: $153.6{\pm}4.9cm$; mass: $56.7{\pm}6.4kg$; preference walking speed: $1.24{\pm}0.10m/s$) who had no experience in falls (non-falls group) within this periods participated in this study. They were measured torque peaks of the knee and ankle joint using a Human Norm and while they were walking on a treadmill at their natural pace, kinematic variables and EMG signals were collected with using a 3-D motion capture system and a wireless EMG system, respectively. Lyapunov Exponent (LyE) was determined to observe the dynamic local stability of the lower extremity's joints, and muscles activation and their co-contraction index were also analysed from EMG signals. Hypotheses between falls and non-falls group were tested using paired t-test and Mann-Whitey. Level of significance was set at p<.05. Results: Local dynamic stability in the adduction-abduction movement of the knee joint was significantly lower in falling group than non-falling group (p<.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, muscles which act on the abduction-adduction movement of the knee joint need to be strengthened to prevent from potential falls during walking. However, a small number of samples for fallers make it difficult to generalize the results of this study.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.188-211
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• 2021

Decreasing response rates to traditional survey methods, like face-to-face and telephone interviews, have led survey practitioners around the world to seek new ways of conducting surveys in recent years." The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated this problem because it made conducting face-to-face interviews even more difficult than before. For example, it made conducting face-to-face surveys infeasible in 2020 in South Korea, and so the Korean Academic Multimode Open Survey (KAMOS) was unable to conduct a planned face-to-face survey to recruit new panel members. The entire 8,514-member panel, established via two-stage probability-based sampling from 2016 to 2019, was invited to take three online/telephone surveys in 2020. Of these panel members, 1,352 responded to at least one survey in 2020. To test to what extent the panel remained representative of the adult South Korean population, we compared the two groups of panel members: those who responded to at least one survey in 2020 and those who did not. After weighting both groups on the basis of age, sex, and geographical area, we analyzed their responses to some of the questions that were asked during multiple rounds of the face-to-face panel-recruiting interviews. Using Cohen's d for survey items that could be analyzed numerically and Cramér's V for categorical items, we were able to conclude that the respondents to the 2020 surveys were equivalent to the non-respondents in terms of both demographics and in the answers they originally gave to substantive questions on a variety of topics related to social science or public opinion research, including questions about quality of life, societal issue, and politics (Cohen's d items <0.2, 95% CI; Cramér's V items <0.1, 95% CI). This analysis may provide a model for others who wish to test the continued representativeness of their panel or who would like to use a different survey mode or change some other aspect of their methodology and test whether it is equivalent to their former methodology. Our success in building a panel that retained its representativeness may be useful to those in other countries where face-to-face surveys had previously been the norm but are becoming increasingly difficult to conduct.