• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.426-434
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• 2011

최근, 혼화재를 사용한 콘크리트는 많은 실험실에서 콘크리트에 연구되고 있으며 실제로 건설 현장에 적용되고 있다. 하지만 혼화재를 사용한 콘크리트의 압축 강도의 추정에 대한 체계적인 연구 결과가 존재하지 않기 때문에 일본의 보통 강도 콘크리트에 대한 제안식을 사용하고 있다. 그래서 혼화재를 사용한 콘크리트의 압축 강도의 추정에 대한 비파괴 시험식을 제안하는 것이 필수적입니다. 따라서 본 연구는 혼화재 사용한 콘크리트에 대하여 원주형 공시체와 코어채취용 구조체를 제작하여 비파괴 시험과 파괴 시험을 통해 장기 재령(4년)에 대한 강도 추정식을 제안한 것으로, 그 결론은 다음과 같다. 기존 제안식과 본 연구 추정식의 오차율을 비교한 결과, 재령별로 다소 차이는 있지만 반발 경도법에 의한 기존 제안식보다는 0.3 %~115.0 % 정도, 초음파속도법에 의한 기존제안식보다는 0.2 %~22.8 % 정도, 복합법에 의한 기존제안식보다는 0.5 %~102.3 % 정도로 기존의 제안식보다 본 연구의 추정식 오차율이 감소하여 혼화재를 사용한 콘크리트에 사용이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2023

ASL estimation of public building is based on how appropriate the maximum age of the asset is derived based on the age record of the asset in the statistical data owned by public institutions. This is because we get a 'constrained' ASL by that number. And it is especially true because other studies have assumed that the building is an Iowa curve R3. Also, in this study, the survival rate is 1% as the threshold value at which the survival curve and the predictable life curve almost coincide. Rather than a theoretical basis, in the national statistical survey, the value of residual assets was recognized from the net value of 10% of the acquisition value when the average service life has elapsed, and 1% when doubling the average service life has elapsed. It is based on the setting mentioned above. The biggest constraint in fitting statistical data to the Iowa curve is that the maximum ASL is selected at R3 150%, and the 'constrained' ASL is calculated by the proportional expression on the assumption that the Iowa curve is followed. In like manner constraints were considered. First, the R3 disposal curve for the RCC(reinforced cement concrete) building was prepared according to the discarding method in the 2000 work, and it was jointly worked on with the National Statistical Office to secure the maximum amount of vintage data, but the lacking of sample size must be acknowledged. Even after that, the National Statistical Office and the Bank of Korea have been working on estimating the Iowa curve for each asset class in the I-O table. Another limitation is that the asset classification uses the broad classification of buildings as a subcategory. Second, if there were such assets with a lifespan of 115 years that were acquired in 1905 and disposed of in 2020, these discarded data would be omitted from this ASL calculation. Third, it is difficult to estimate the correct Iowa curve based on the stub-curve even if there is disposal data because Korea has a relatively shorter construction history, accumulated economic wealth since the 1980's. In other words, "constrained" ASL is an under-estimation of its ASL. Considering the fact that Korea was an economically developing country in the past and during rapid economic development, environmental factors such as asset accumulation and economic ability should be considered. Korea has a short period of accumulation of economic wealth, and the history of 'proper' architectures faithful to building regulations and principles is short and as a result, buildings 'not built properly' and 'proper' architectures are mixed. In this study, ASL of RCC public building was estimated at 70 years.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.567-577
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• 1996

본 연구는 한국 연근해 갈치의 자원생태학적 특성치인 성장계수와 생잔율, 순간자연 및 어획사망계수, 어획개시연령 및 연령별 성장률을 추정하는 것이다. 갈치의 성장을 나타내는데는 세가지의 성장모델에 적합시켰으며, 이 중 차후의 자원평가연구를 목적으로 von Bertalanffy 성장식을 채택하였다. von Bertalanffy 성장계수는 EXCEL의 Solver를 사용하여 비선형회귀 방법에 의하여 다음과 같이 추정되었다. $L_\infty=46.01cm,\;K=0.3868,\;t_0=-0.3220$. 갈치의 연간생잔율 (S)은 0.277 (분산=0.00035)로 추정되었으며 순간자연사망 계수 (M)는 0.4411년으로 추정되었다. 근년의 순간어획사망계수 (F)는 0.843/년으로서 자연사망보다 어획에 의한 영향이 약 2배나 되고 있음을 암시하였다. 어획개시연령 $(t_c)$은 0.787세로 $50\%$ 성숙연령의다 훨씬 어린 연령이었다 마지막으로 갈치의 연령별 성장률이 추정되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.460-469
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• 2020

최근 대법원은 인신사고로 사망한 미성년자의 일실수입을 산정함에 있어 그 동안 경험칙의 기초가 되었던 제반 사정들이 현저히 변하였기 때문에 육체노동자의 경험칙상 가동연한에 대한 기존 견해를 더 이상 유지하기 어렵다고 지적하며 그 가동연한을 만 65세로 연장하는 전원합의체 판결을 선고하였다. 이번 판결은 지금까지 피해자의 일실수입을 산정하면서 육체노동자의 경험칙상 가동연한에 관하여 하급심별로 다르게 선고함으로써 발생했던 사회적 혼란을 종식시키고, 고령사회 진입에 따른 새로운 경험칙을 적용하여 가동연한을 상향했다는 점에서 의미가 있다. 다만, 육체노동자의 경험칙상 가동연한을 특정 연령으로 단정하여 선언한 것과 미성년자인 피해자의 일실수입을 기존 대법원 견해에 따라 도시일용노임 수준을 적용하여 산정한 것은 다소 아쉬움이 있다. 이와 같이 본 연구는 고령사회에 진입한 한국에서 육체노동자의 경험칙상 가동연한과 관련한 판결의 쟁점을 분석하고 미비점을 보완함으로써 미성년자인 피해자에게 적절한 손해배상을 담보하는 한편 가동연한 상향과 정년연장 문제를 연동함에 따라 발생하는 세대 간의 갈등을 해소하기 위해서 사회적 논의에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.320-328
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• 2005

Last target of architectural acoustics is that people wish to convey voice effectively from the space adaptively in use purpose in building. But, how exactly through space sound (sound source) that wish to deliver from indoor can be passed method to do quantification and evaluate quantity of sound by method to serve indoor architectural acoustics estimation summer period and methods to estimate definition propose. This Study searches special quality of sound source about MLS signal that is occurred short-answer sound source (pistol sound source) and nondirectional speaker among indoor sound estimation method, and measure and analyzed reverberation time (RT60), definition (C80, D50) by regulation of each ISO 3382 in age place (classroom, hall, gymnasium). Analysis result and sound factor among could know that d of two sound sources converges in measurement error extent about reverberation time (RT60) of analysis incidental and sound factors and value shows change irregularly about sound factor of D50, C80, pistol sound source judged there is problem. Also, could know that problem is happened in deflection except reverberation time is in deflection analysis with wave that measure each in fixed distance in branch. Finally, when differ size of sound source and measure about change of sound pressure level in case measure sound pressure level giving difference about 10 dB, sound factor could know that there is no different effect.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.155-158
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• 2008

Site index is the essential tool for forest management to estimate the productivity of forest land Generally, site index equation is developed and used by relationship between stand age and dominant tree heights. However, there is a limit to use the site index equation in the application of variable ages, environmental influence, and estimation of site index for unstocked land. Therefore, it was attempted to develop a new site index equations based on various environmental factors including site and topographical variables. This study was conducted to develop regional site index equations based on the relationship between site index and soil factors for Pinus densiflora. Environmental factors that obtained from GIS application, were selected by stepwise-regression. Site index Equation was estimated by multiple regression from selected factors. Four environmental factors were selected in the final site index equations by stepwise regression. It was observed that coefficients of determination for site index equations were ranged from 0.34 which seem to be relatively low but good enough for estimation of forest stand productivity. The site index equations developed in this study were also verified to be useful by three evaluation statistics such as model's estimation bias, model's precision and mean square error type of measure.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.81-101
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• 2005

This article is to estimate the fishing frequency function in Korean recreational fishery with respect to socio-economic characteristics of anglers. First, the study described the characteristics of the entire angler population on the view points of 9 socio-economic variables. And then, the study divided the total angler population into three groups of in-land, sea, and mixed angler populations in order to investigate the differences in their characteristics. The study could confirm the existence of differences in regions, size of regions, and educational levels between the in - land and the sea angler populations by testing heterogeneity in the frequency table. The fishing frequency function is estimated using Poisson regression model in order to accomodate the count data(non-negative discrete random variable) aspects of the fishing frequency. However, the model specification error is found due to overdispersion of data. The model exhibits the lack of goodness of fit. The negative binomial regression model is adopted to cure the overdispersion of the data as an alternative estimation methodology. Finally, the study can confirm overdispersion does not exist in the model any more and the goodness of fit improved significantly to the reasonable level. The results of estimation of fishing frequency population modeled by the negative binomial regression models are following. The three variables of region, sex, and education have effects on the decision making process of fishing frequency in the case of in-land recreation fishery. On the other hand, the three variables of sex, age, and marriage status do the same job in the case of sea angler population. Among the left-over variables, both income and use of Internet variables now affect on the process in mixed angler population. Finally, the results of whole angler population show that all of the previous variables are proven to be statistically significant due to the summation of data with all three sub-groups of angler population.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2006

Site index is an essential tool to estimate forest productivity. Generally, a site index equation is developed and used from the relationship between stand age and dominant tree heights. However, there is a limit to the use of the site index equation in the application of variable ages, environmental influence, and estimation of site index for the unstocked forest. Therefore, it has been attempted to develop a new site index equation based on various environmental factors including site, climate, and topographical variables. This study was conducted to develop a site index equation based on the relationship between site index and environmental factors for the species of Pinus koraiensis in Yangpyung-Gun, Gyunggi Province. The influence of climatic factors (temperature and solar irradiation ratio), topographical factors (elevation, slope, ratio of slope to valley and aspect) and soil profiles (soil depth by layer and soil consistency) on site index were evaluated by multiple regression analysis. Five environmental factors were selected in the final site index equation for Pinus koraiensis. The site index equation developed in this study was also verified by three evaluation statistics: model's estimation bias, model's precision, and mean square error of measurement. Based on the site index equation, the number of productive areas for Pinus koraiensis were estimated by applying GIS technique to digitized forest maps. In addition, the distribution of productive areas was compared with the areas of current distribution of Pinus koraiensis. It is expected that the results obtained in this study could provide valuable information about the amount and distribution of productive areas for Pinus koraiensis reforestation.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2021

[Purpose] This pilot study aimed to develop a regression model to estimate the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) of Korean adults using various easy-to-measure dependent variables. [Methods] The EPOC and dependent variables for its estimation (e.g., sex, age, height, weight, body mass index, fat-free mass [FFM], fat mass, % body fat, and heart rate_sum [HR_sum]) were measured in 75 healthy adults (31 males, 44 females). Statistical analysis was performed to develop an EPOC estimation regression model using the stepwise regression method. [Results] We confirmed that FFM and HR_sum were important variables in the EPOC regression models of various exercise types. The explanatory power and standard errors of estimates (SEE) for EPOC of each exercise type were as follows: the continuous exercise (CEx) regression model was 86.3% (R²) and 85.9% (adjusted R²), and the mean SEE was 11.73 kcal, interval exercise (IEx) regression model was 83.1% (R²) and 82.6% (adjusted R²), while the mean SEE was 13.68 kcal, and the accumulation of short-duration exercise (AEx) regression models was 91.3% (R²) and 91.0% (adjusted R²), while the mean SEE was 27.71 kcal. There was no significant difference between the measured EPOC using a metabolic gas analyzer and the predicted EPOC for each exercise type. [Conclusion] This pilot study developed a regression model to estimate EPOC in healthy Korean adults. The regression model was as follows: CEx = -37.128 + 1.003 × (FFM) + 0.016 × (HR_sum), IEx = -49.265 + 1.442 × (FFM) + 0.013 × (HR_sum), and AEx = -100.942 + 2.209 × (FFM) + 0.020 × (HR_sum).

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제35권
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• pp.51-83
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• 1998

본 연구는 사회화 및 사회통제의 제도적 기제로서의 가족제도의 기능이 점차 약화되고 노부모부양에 대한 의식 및 행태에 있어서의 급격한 변화를 경험하고 있는 한국사회에서 구체적으로 어떠한 요인들이 노부모부양에 영향을 미치는가를 파악하기 위한 목적으로 고안되었다 이를 위하여 가정내의 주요 사회인구학적 변인들을 중심으로 부양태도 및 부양행위를 설명하는 시안적 형태의 이론적 선형경로모형을 구성 제시하였으며, 제시된 모형을 광주광역시에 거주하는 주부들을 대상으로 수집된 자료를 사용하여 추정하였다. 시부 빛 시모에 대한 모형을 공변량구조모형(LISREL) 분석방법을 사용하여 각기 추정한 결과, 시부부양과 관련하여서는 자부의 교육수준 및 시부의 연령, 시부의 건강상태, 그리고 가구원수가 부양행위에 유의미한 인과적 영향을 미치는 요인이었으며, 시모부양과 관련하여선 자부의 교육수준 및 시모의 연령, 가구원수, 그리고 부양태도가 부양행위에 인과적 영향을 미치는 요인인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 시부 및 시모 모형에 대한 상호비교 결과, 부양자의 교육수준 및 부양대상자의 연령, 그리고 가구원수는 두 모형 모두에 공통적으로 일반화시킬 수 있는 부양행위의 결정요인인 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나, 두 모형에서 공통적으로 확인된 세 가지 변인을 제외하고는 두 모형간에 적지 않은 차이가 존재한다는 사실 또한 발견되었다. 모형추정의 결과 제시된 경험적 발견에 근거하여 몇몇 주요 이론적 정책적 함의가 논의되었다.