• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2017

Purpose: The goal of nutritional support for very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants from birth to term is to match the in utero growth rates; however, this is rarely achieved. Methods: We evaluated postdischarge growth patterns and growth failure in 81 Korean VLBW infants through a retrospective study. Weight and height were measured and calculated based on age percentile distribution every 3 months until age 24 months. Growth failure was defined as weight and height below the 10th percentile at 24 months. For the subgroup analysis, small-for-gestational age (SGA) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants were evaluated. The growth patterns based on the Korean, World Health Organization (WHO), or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) standard were serially compared over time. Results: At postconception age (PCA) 40 weeks, 47 (58%) and 45 infants (55%) showed growth failure in terms of weight and height, respectively. At PCA 24 months, 20 infants (24%) showed growth failure for weight and 14 (18%) for height. Growth failure rates were higher for the SGA infants than for the appropriate-weight-for-gestational age infants at PCA 24 months (P=0.045 for weight and P=0.038 for height). Growth failure rates were higher for the ELBW infants than for the non-ELBW infants at PCA 24 months (P<0.001 for weight and P=0.003 for height). Significant differences were found among the WHO, CDC, and Korean standards (P<0.001). Conclusion: Advancements in neonatal care have improved the catch-up growth of VLBW infants, but this is insufficient. Careful observation and aggressive interventions, especially in SGA and ELBW infants, are needed.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2018

Purpose: Small for gestational age (SGA) is confusingly defined as birth weight (BW) either below 3rd percentile or 10th percentile for infants. This study aimed to compare postnatal catch-up growth between SGA groups according to different definitions. Methods: Data of 129 infants born with BW below the 10th percentile and admitted to Korea University Anam Hospital and Ansan Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Height and weight were measured at 6, 12, and 24 months. Results were compared between group A (BW: <3rd percentile) and group B (BW: 3rd-10th percentile). Results: Group A included 66 infants and group B included 63. At age 6 months (n=122), 62.9% of group A and 71.7% (P=0.303) of group B showed catch-up growth in weight. At 6 months (n=69), 55.9% of group A and 80.0% of group B (P<0.05) showed catch-up growth in height. At 12 months (n=106), 58.5% of group A, and 75.5% (P=0.062) of group B showed catch-up growth in weight. At 12 months (n=75), 52.8% of group A and 64.1% of group B (P=0.320) showed catch-up growth in height. Up to age 24 months, 66.7%/80.0% in group A and 63.6%/80.0% in group B showed catch-up growth in weight/height. Conclusion: Despite different definitions, there were no significant differences between the two SGA groups in postnatal catch-up growth up to age 24 months, except for height at 6 months. Compared to infants with appropriate catch-up growth, low gestational age and BW were risk factors for failed catch-up growth at 6 months.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3229-3232
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• 2012

In this study, cancer incidence data were assessed to provide various rates of five year age groups for a given year, lying between two census years. The individual exponential growth rate method is most useful in both population-based and non-population cased cancer registries in India to estimate the population by five yearly age groups and also find the rates of crude rates, age standard rates and cumulative rates. This method has been shown to endure from bias and often results sacrificing the overall growth rate and correction factor must be needful in five year age group population to maintain it. A second method, the difference distribution method is also able to maintain the overall growth rate and overcome the bias in estimation of five yearly age group populations. From this point of view these methods serving a new technique for population estimation by five yearly age groups for inter census years.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2021

멸치의 연령 및 성장특성을 분석하기 위해 2004년에 남해 연안에서 채집된 개체들의 이석 506개를 분석하였으며, 윤문에 의해 결정된 연령과 채집시기를 기준으로 멸치의 월령을 추정하였다. 월령별 가랑이 체장을 이용하여 구한 성장 매개변수인 이론적 최대 체장은 132.9 mm, 성장계수는 0.1079/month였으며 체장이 0일 때의 이론적 연령은 1.0262월이었다. 이들 매개변수로 von Bertalanffy 체장성장식을 나타내면, L_t=132.9(1-e^{-0.1079(t-1.0262)})였다. 연륜과 채집시기를 통해 설정한 월령 기준의 성장 매개변수 추정은 우리나라 멸치의 성장특성을 파악하기에 적절한 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2011

This study was carried out to analyze annual diameter growth characteristics for major 11 tree species using the data for Gangwon province of the National Forest Resources Inventory in 2007. The annual diameter growth of coniferous species was 5.02 mm, 4.70 mm, and 3.90 mm in Korean white pine, Japanese larch, and Korean red pine, respectively. In growths of the deciduous trees, dogwood, basswood, and cork oak had 3.55 mm, 3.48 mm and 3.01 mm, respectively. Average of the annual diameter growths for all species was 3.38 mm. The relationship between diameter growth and age class showed that the growth rate decreased for all species as age increased. The age class II had the highest annual diameter rate. In relation of the stand density(trees per hectare) and diameter growth, the diameter growth tended to decrease as the stand density increased for most species, especially Korean white pine, cork oak, and basswood. Finally age had the highest value in the correlation coefficients between measurement factor and growth rate regardless of species.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제57권9호
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• pp.379-383
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• 2014

Recombinant growth hormone (GH) is an effective treatment for short children who are born small for gestational age (SGA). Short children born SGA who fail to demonstrate catch-up growth by 2-4 years of age are candidates for GH treatment initiated to achieve catch-up growth to a normal height in early childhood, maintain a normal height gain throughout childhood, and achieve an adult height within the normal target range. GH treatment at a dose of $35-70{\mu}g/kg/day$ should be considered for those with very marked growth retardation, as these patients require rapid catch-up growth. Factors associated with response to GH treatment during the initial 2-3 years of therapy include age and height standard deviation scores at the start of therapy, midparental height, and GH dose. Adverse events due to GH treatment are no more common in the SGA population than in other conditions treated with GH. Early surveillance in growth clinics is strongly recommended for children born SGA who have not caught up. Although high dose of up to 0.067 mg/kg/day are relatively safe for short children with growth failure, clinicians need to remain aware of long-term mortality and morbidity after GH treatment.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

The study was performed to analyze the growth of the red pine (Pinus densiflora) in the Eastern Region of Korea. Stem profile data from a total of 8 dominant trees of which each tree represents its site were collected and used for the analysis. The stem volumes were calculated using Smalian's formula and much higher than the ones by Korea Forest Research Institute in larger than dbh 40 cm. The total bark volumes were more proportionally related to dbh and stem volume than to height and age. The bark thickness and volume decreased as relative height increases but increased as relative dbh increased. The average PAI of dbh and height reached the highest at 0.8 cm/yr (age 15) and at 0.45 m/yr (age 30) respectively, while the average PAI of volume steadily tended to increase up to age 80. The growth percentages of dbh, height and volume tended to decrease with age and volume growth percentage was higher than dbh and height.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.155-170
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to have better data and to make efficient clinical reviews about children's growth based on two methods; X-ray of hand, and ultrasound of calcaneus. Methods : The study was composed of 100 patients(50 of boys and 50 of girls) who visited in department of pediatrics, O O university oriental hospital considering growth and their development. Bone age was measured by the TW3 method's RUS score in simple X-ray image of hand and bone density through ultrasonic image of calcaneus. To predict children's estimated height, their parent's height, bone age, and present height's percentile was measured. Results and Conclusions : 1. The bone age results from X-ray image of hand and ultrasonic image of calcaneus were correlated. Younger children have older bone age from hand's X-ray than the one from calcaneus's ultrasound. Older children have older bone age from calcaneus's ultrasound than one from hand's X-ray. 2. Predicted adult height by bone age(BH) of hand's X-ray and BH of calcaneus's ultrasound were correlated, but predicted adult height by inheritance(IH) was not correlated with others. 3. Bone age and predicted adult height were correlated with age, height, weight, BMI, and especially with age and height. 4. Measuring bone age by X-ray image of hand and ultrasonic image of calcaneus was simple and effective way of estimating children's growth and development.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2015

The age and growth of the Marbled sole, Pleuronectes yokohamae were investigated using left sagittal otoliths of 832 individuals collected in the mid-southern waters of Korea from January 2006 to April 2007. The seasonal changes in the ratio of an translucent zone to interval between annular rings revealed that the boundaries between translucent and opaque parts of the otolith were annual growth rings formed between May and June once a year. The spawning period was November to March and therefore the duration from fertilization to the complete formation of the annual growth ring became fifteen months. The parameters of von Bertalanffy growth equations estimated using the average standard length at each age are the $L_{\infty}$ of 48.04cm, K of 0.1406/year and $t_0$ of -0.5116 for female and 26.14cm, 0.3056/year and -0.8202 for male, respectively. Finally, it is suggested that the growth of female is faster than that of male from age-2.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2015

This study provides the basic data for clothing construction of teen girls by researching and analyzing the characteristics of physical changes of tween generation school girls between 8 to 14 age. Fifty eight items of direct measurements and 61 calculated-items based on the 6th Korean National Physical Standard Reports were used. Results were obtained by using ANOVA, SNK test, coefficient of variation and growth rate of age groups. Significant differences were found among all the age groups, and were in the increasing order of height > length > width > depth > circumference. The growth rate was found in the increasing order of bust depth > hip width > N.P. to B.P. > hip circumference > bust circumference and thigh circumference. There were dramatic increases in height, circumference and width during the age of 8~9 and 10~11, in length during age of 10~11, and in depth during age of 8~11. The growth of the vertical measurement items is slowing at the age of 13. The individual differences were great in the vertical measurements at the age of 8 and 9 and in the horizontal measurements, at the age of 10. The increasing growth of bust and hip than waist gave it a curved shape.