• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to identify sexual interest and adjustment in patients with spinal cord injury and to determine the factors that relate to sexual adjustment. A total of 134 persons in this study was the members of spinal cord injury organization and the impatients in rehabilitation unit between February and June 1999. Five questionnaires were answered concerning importance of life events, sexual concern, sexual adjustment, relationship with a sex partner, and depression. The collected data were analyzed by Frequency, t-test, ANOVA and pearson correlation. The results were as follows : 1) Considering the importance among 11 areas of life, economic status occupied the top, sex life held the sixth rank, and the mean rating for social life being 3.78 was the lowest of all. 2) As regard to 7 topics related to sexuality, the most attention was drawn to methods and techniques achieving sexual satisfaction, and the next interest was for helping partners cope emotionally with sexual dysfunction. 3) The mean for sexual adjustment and depression was average, and the mean for sex partner relationship was high. 4) Sexual adjustment in spinal cord injury patients correlated with economic status and sex partner relationship. While It was inversely correlated with age and depression. It was found that lower age and less depression play a positive role on sexual adjustment by SCI people. Also, higher economic status and favorable sex partner relationship increase sexual adjustment. In conclusion, a sex partner relationship, depression, economic status, and age seemed to influence on their sexual adjustment after SCI. Also, psychosocial factors would be more important for satisfying sexual life and relation ship rather than physical factors.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.13-25
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• 2016

Objective: The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of school-age children's ego strength, failure tolerance, and performance anxiety on their school class adjustment, and to model the relation structure of the variables. Method: For these purposes, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 562 6th graders. Results and Conclusion: The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, ego strength, failure tolerance, and performance anxiety were significantly different according to gender. Second, in male students, ego strength, failure tolerance, and performance anxiety had a significant direct effect on school class adjustment. In addition, ego strength and failure tolerance had a significant indirect effect on school class adjustment. Third, female students' paths to school class adjustment were similar to male students' but the effect of failure tolerance on performance anxiety and the effect of performance anxiety on school class adjustment were not significant. Fourth, in the results of multi-group analysis, the effect path from ego strength to school class adjustment was different between male and female students, and the effect was higher in female students than in male students.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.25-42
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• 2000

To examine toddlers’adjustment in child care centers according to the quality of child care environment, the followings were asked; 1. Are toddlers’adjustment in child care centers different by toddlers’individual characterisitcs, caregiyer’s individual characteristics, and/or care center variabless\ulcorner 2. Are the quality of child care center different by caregiver’s individual characteristics and child care center variables\ulcorner 3. Are toddlers’adjustment in child care centers different according to the quality of child care center\ulcorner Forty caregivers and 108 toddlers in 40 child care centers in Inchon were randomly selected. After 2 hours of observation in each child care center, the quality of child care environment were rated using Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scate(ITERS) by 2 observers and toddlers’adjustment in child care centers were rated by caregivers using the Preschool Adjustment Questionnaire(PAQ). Toddlers’adjustment in centers were different by toddlers’gender, caregiver’s age, caregiver’s educational level, group size, and the adult/child ratio. The quality of child care environment of child care centers was different by caregiver’s age, caregiver’s career level, the length of working time, group size, and the adult/child ratio. Finally, toddler’s adjustment in child care centers were significantly different by the quality of child care environment of child care centers.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.37-54
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• 2007

Variables studied in relation to children's school adjustment were child's sex, grade, and ego-resilience maternal employment, parents' age, parents' academic background, mother's emotional expressiveness, and monthly household income and perception of social support. Subjects were 548 4th, 5th and 6th grade students and their mothers. Results showed that children's school adjustment varied by child's grade in school and ego-resilience, parents' age, father's academic background, mother's emotional expressiveness and monthly household income. Children with higher ego-resilience, whose mothers showed more positive emotional expressiveness and who perceived more social support from peers, family, and teachers showed higher adjustment to school life. Among these, support of peers was the most significant variable.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.29-55
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• 2012

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between infants' early adjustment and later adjustment in childcare centers and to analyze the mothers' adjustment support strategies. The subjects consisted of 244 infants from newborns to 36 months old and their mothers and childcare teachers of public childcare centers. The results of the study were as follows. First, there was a significant difference according to infants' age in mothers' adjustment support strategies. The more mothers use appropriate strategies for adjustment earlier in childcare centers, the better infants showed adjustment according to infants' age respectively. Second, there was a significant difference between the early adjustment(Time1) and the later adjustment(Time2) of infants. Third, mothers' adjustment support strategies affected on infants' later adjustment in childcare centers. These results show that appropriate mothers' adjustment support strategies were related to infants' adjustment by age longitudinally. The implications of these results indicate that developing adjustment programs including effective strategies for infants' mothers in childcare centers considering their demographic characteristics and specified needs is needed.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2009

This study examines the socio-cultural readjustment of the Korean students returning from overseas study at an early age. For this study 259 returnee students from elementary through high school completed a questionnaire which covered aspects such as school adjustment and re-acculturative stress in relationship to gender, grade, number of parents accompanying the students overseas, length of overseas stay, age of return, length of stay in Korea, and the acculturative stress experienced in a host culture. The findings indicate that re-acculturative stress level of returnee students is higher than the level of the acculturative stress, and that the two are positively related. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses reveal the grade and acculturative stress of returnee students as a significant predictor of school adjustment. The length of overseas stay and acculturative stress significantly predicted the re-acculturative stress level. The acculturative stress significantly affected both school adjustment and re-acculturative stress of returnee students back in Korea.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.9 no.1 s.17
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• pp.65-80
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to search a tendency of adjustment of mid-life women and to identify the variables that influence the adjustment of mid-life women. For this purpose, attitudes toward the menopause(ATM) scale, Korean Sex-Role Inventory(KSRI) scale, General Well-Being(GWB) scale, and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression(CESD) scale were developed. The sample was selected from the 331 women living in Seoul, whose age was from 40-59, and whose last child was older than 13 years of age. The main results were as follows : 1) The level of well-being that the mid-life women was average and the level of depression was above average. 2) the attitudes of the mid-life women about menopause were a litte negative in both physical and psychological sides. 3) As for the related variables, frequency of leasure activies was significant to the well-being level of the mid-life women. And age, Socio-Economic Status(SES), status of last child have a significant influence on the depression level of them. 4) The attitudes toward menopause had insignificant influence on their adjustment and menopause status was irrelevant to it. 5) In the case that the mid-life women have high sex-role identity, that they have androgyny or masculinity, they appeared well adjusted. 6) In the result of mulitiple regressing analysis, the influence that the variables had on the mid-life women's well-being will be presented as fallows in order of importance: Sex-role identity, frequency of leasure activies and age. Above 3 variables explain 24% of adjustment of mid-life.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.591-605
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• 2009

This study investigated preschoolers' behavior regulation and social adjustment by age and gender and examined relationships between behavior regulation and social adjustment. Behavior regulation was assessed by the Head-to-Toes Task (Cameron et al., 2008; McClelland et al., 2007); social adjustment was evaluated by teachers with the Preschool Adjustment Questionnaire (Jewsuwan et al., 1993). Subjects were 263 children aged 3-6 years. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, two-way ANOVA, and partial correlation analysis. Findings showed (1) incremental differences in behavior regulation each year between 3- and 4-year-olds and between 4- and 5-year- olds. (2) Girls exhibited higher levels of behavior regulation and social adjustment than boys. (3) Behavior regulation and social adjustment correlated positively with each other.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2006

This study examined relationships between children's aggression and the variables such as individual, family, and school adjustment. For this study, individual variables included age, self-esteem, and game-addiction tendency. Family variables included mother's controlling parenting, child-abuse, parents' marital conflict. As for school adjustment, teacher relations, peer relations, classroom and rule adjustment in school were examined. The sample consisted of 642 children of the fifth and sixth grade in Busan. Statistics and methods used for data analysis included frequency, percentage, Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, two-way Anova, Pearson's correlation, and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis: First, boys' aggression was higher than girls'. But no age difference was found in children's aggression. Second, game-addiction tendency had a positive correlation with children's aggression. In addition, self-esteem had a negative correlation with boys' aggression. Third, mother's controlling parenting had a positive correlation with children's aggression. Child abuse had a positive correlation with boys' aggression, and parents' marital conflict with girls' aggression. Fourth, teacher relations, peer relations, classroom and rule adjustment in school had a negative correlation with boys' aggression. In addition, rule adjustment in school had a negative correlation with girls' aggression. Fifth, game-addiction tendency, rule adjustment in school, self-esteem, mother's controlling parenting and teacher relations in school were important variables predicting boys' aggression. On the other hand, game-addiction tendency and rule adjustment in school were important variables predicting girls' aggression.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.125-153
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• 2006

This study was intended to describe women's weight controlling by creating a hypothetic model on the weight adjustment behavior and by examining a cause and effect relationship, and to contribute to countermeasures for practicing their promotion of health and improving the quality of life through creating a predictable model. The subject of study was women who utilize the beauty shop located in Seoul, Busan and Daegu and the study period was 12 weeks from July 10 to September 30 in 2004. Gathered 1093 person's general specialty related with weight adjustment and analyzed covariance to prove the hypothesis using statistics compiled from authentic sources. Also proved coincidence of the hypothetical model. Exogenous variables of the hypothetical model are composed of recognition of her body shape, fatness level, age, stress, and self-respect. Endogenous variables are health- control mind, recognized health state, self-efficacy, intention, and behavior of weight adjustment. There were 5 measured variables for exogenous variable(x). There were 8 measured variable(y) for exogenous variable. And coincidence $x^2=297.38$, standard $x^2(x^2/df)=7.08$, GFI=0.962, AGFI=0.917, NFI=0.875, TLI=0.794, CFI=0.889, RMSEA=0.075. The result of hypothesis had an epoch-making record that 20 out of 27 hypothesis was proved positive way. Generally weight adjustment has been highly seen in housewives, the married and the old age. Health control mind seems to be high as fatness level, age, and self-respect are high and low stress. Recognized health state is high as age and self-respect are high and low stress. However, it is not much related with recognition of her body shape and fatness level. If age, self-respect, health control mind, recognized health state and self-efficacy are high intention of behavior is also high, but intention of behavior has no relation with recognition of her body shape, fatness level and stress. If fatness level, age, self-respect, health control mind, recognized health state and self-efficacy and intention of behavior are high, execution of weight adjustment will be high. However, recognized health state and stress has no influence for weight adjustment. To increase the coincidence of hypothesis and take a simple model I modified a model and then I got the coincidence $x^2=215.62$, standard $x^2(x^2/df)=6.34$, GFI=0.970, AGFI=0.931, NFI=0.902, TLI=0.901, CFI=0.915, RMSEA=0.070. This result is a bit better than original hypothetical model's so that this model might be more suitable. In this modification model, the factors of weight adjustment seems to be high according to this order self-efficacy, recognized health state, age, intention, health control mind, self-respect, fatness level and stress. With this result I suggest ; 1. Enforcement of IR that everybody can be controlled weight adjustment herself and continuous education, which is related with regular habit (food, exercise, restriction of a favorite food and behavior training etc.) is also needed. 2. Because self-efficacy is influenced to execution of weight adjustment specific program which can increase self-efficacy should have to develop and we need to utilize it to take care of herself. 3. To protect fatness and be active weight adjustment the peculiar program including the concept of self-respect, recognized health state, health control mind and intention must be developed and not only women but also all of people should be educated. 4. This hypothetical model is forecasting women's weight adjustment behavior and can be utilized for fundamental data to increase those people's health.