• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.131-135
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• 1989

Effects of the inoculum size of testing organism and pH of the plate and the concentration of agar were investigated for the selection of high kasugamycin producing mutants of Streptomyces kasugaensis ATCC 15114. For the detection of high kasugamycin-producing mutants, both concentrations of agar and test organism were optimized at the concentrations of 2% and 0.35 (A$_{550}$), respectively. The pH 7 was optimum for both growing the testing organism, Pseudomonas fluorescens IFO 12180, and for obtaining more promising mutant strains of S. kasugaensis. Under these conditions, mutants had been isolated which, tested later in liquid cultures, gave higher kasugamycin yields than that of the parent strain.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.117-120
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• 1968

Normal value of serum proteins of cockerels and pullets was obtained by seperating serum proteins of 80(♂40, ♀40)immature domestic fowls for routine clinical application purpose, using paper and agar electrophoresis. The concentration count of serum proteins which were fractionated was determined by using densitometer and planimeter. The fractionation value of serum proteins (of cockerels and pullets was indicated in the table 1. The composition of serum proteins by paper and agar electrophoresis showed remarkable differences between cockerels and pullets, but only ${\beta}$-globulin could not found difference between them.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2002년도 춘계 국제 학술대회
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• pp.3-5
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• 2002

A measurement of indoor microorganism using Reuter Centrifugal Air Sampler(RCS) was undertaken during October 1991-February 1999 and 6-Stage Cascade Air Sampler was undertaken during May 2001-June 2001 in Seoul. The results were as follows : 1. The average of total microorganism collected on the agar strip GK-A media were, in the order, subway station, hospital, underground shopping center, department store, book store, theater, sports facility, educational institution, office building in sites. 2. The average of staphylcocci collected on the agar strip GK-S media, in the order, were subway station, underground shopping center, hospital and department store, department store, theater, office building, sports facility and educational institution in sites. 3. The average of fungus collected on the agar strip GK-HS media, in the order, were Underground hospital, shopping center, theater, subway station, department store, book store, sports facility, educational institution, and office building in sites

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.210-214
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• 1997

포도 흰가루병균(Uncinula necutor)의 분생포자 형성, 발아 및 균사 초기생장에 미치는 중요 환경오인과 살균제의 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행한 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과같다. 분생포자 형성은 상대습도 76~96%에서 가장 좋았다. 포자 발아 및 균사 초기생장은 증류수에 비해 5% 한천배지에서 좋았으며, 온도 $26^{\circ}C$, pH 5.0일 때 가장 좋았다. 광 100 lux는 암상태와 발아율에 차이가 없었으며 한천배지에 포도 엽즙액 30%를 첨가한 배지에서는 순수 한천배지 보다 좋았다. 또 triazole계 살균제 첨가 배지에서의 포자발아 및 균사생장은 살균제 농도증가에 비례하여 급격히 감소하였으나 그 정도는 살균제의 종류에 따라 차이가 있었다. 특히, myclobutanil은 농도증가에 따른 발아율의 감소정도가 매우 낮았다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1961

It is important to study hydrazine because of the development of new uses for its derivatives. The Rasching method is the only satisfactory one for synthesizing hydrazine; it involves the oxidation of ammonia by sodium hypochlorite in the presence of some such catalyst as gelatin. Calcium hypochlorite was substituted for the sodium hypochlorite particularly in this work, applying agar-agar as catalyst. The results of the experiments are as follow: 1. The yield is proportional to the mole-ratio of ammonia to available chlorine in calcium hypochlorite and about 60% is obtained when the ratio is 20. 2. Agar-agar can be used as a catalyst and its proper concentration in the solution is 0.005%. 3. Proper concentration of available chlorine in the reaction solution is 0.23 mole/l. 4. The most effective condition for the reaction is a temperature of $60{\sim}65^{\circ}C.$ maintained for $20{\sim}25min$. 5. The reaction takes place equally well in either an open or closed container. 6. When calcium hypochlorite is applied in place of sodium hypochlorite, the yield of hydrazine is increased as much as 17%. 7. The yield of hydrazine is decreased by eliminating the suspension of $Ca(OH)_2$ which results from the use of calcium hypochlorite. 8. When $Ca(OH)_2$ is added to Rasching process, the yield of hydrazine is raised normally. 9. The fact that some metal ions, such as $Cu^{++},$ inhibit the formation of hydrazine was proved. 10. The suspension of $Ca(OH)_2$ acted as a remarkable adsorbent for $Cu^{++}$ like gelatin. The suspension of $Ca(OH)_2$ which results from the use of calcium hypochlorite acts as a catalyst, absorbing metal ions, to increase the yield of hydrazine. So I think that calcium hypochlorite is a more efficient oxidant than sodium hypochlorite in hydrazine syntheses.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.25-30
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• 1973

1973년(年) 7월(月) 서울특별시내(特別市內) Smoke통닭 공장(工場)에서 얻은 이병닭 폐(肺)에서 Aspergilli를 분리(分離)할 수 있었고 또 C-source 및 N-source의 배양조건(培養條件)을 실험(實驗)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. Aspergillus fumigatus group에 속(屬)한 1 strain을 분리(分離) 하였다. 2. 분리용(分離用) 배지(培地)로서는 Czapek agar에 누에, 메주를 4g씩 첨가(添加)한 것이 과거 Austuwick(1962)가 보고한 2% malt extract agar medium보다 양호하였다. 3. 배양(培養)에 있어서 C-source는 종류(種類)와 양(量)에 따라 생장율과 sporulation의 차(差)가 많았고 20%에서 생장율이 떨어겼다. N-source에서는 종류(種類)에 따라 생장율의 차가 생기나 양(量)에 따라서는 생장율의 차(差)가 거의없고 다만 mycelium과 sporulation에서 차(差)가 생겼다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.396-399
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• 2004

본 실험은 고체배지를 이용한 새로운 실험방법을 이용하여 건조 및 염 스트레스에 대한 식물체의 형태학적인 특성을 뿌리신장률, 근단구조, 물질생산 등의 측면에서 조사하였다. PEG 및 NaCl 처리조건에서 처리 농도가 증가할수록 벼 식물체의 뿌리신장이 현저하게 저하되었으며, PEC 및 NaCl 처리에 따른 벼 식물체의 뿌리는 methyl-lignin 축적에 의한 리그닌화가 진행되었으며, 수분결핍을 극복하려는 기작으로 표피세포를 변형시킨 근모의 발생이 관찰되었다. 또한 PEG 및 NaCl 처리에 의한 벼 식물체의 지상부와 지하부의 건물 생산량의 현저한 감소는 지상부보다 지하부에서 뚜렷하였으며, 그 결과 PEG 및 NaCl 처 처리농도를 증가시킴에 따라 TR율의 증가를 보였다. 상기의 결과로부터 건조 및 염 처리를 한 고체배지를 이용함으로써 벼의 경우 스트레스 처리 전 약 2주간 유묘를 생육시키는 양액재배에 비해 발아기의 각종 스트레스에 대한 식물체 반응의 관찰과 내성 특성 검정에 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2009

본 연구는 식용 양치식물인 고사리의 대량번식체계를 확립하기 위하여 기내에서 전엽체 증식에 미치는 배지종류, 당의 종류와 농도, agar 농도, 전엽체 접종량 및 배양기간의 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. MS배지를 기본으로 하여 배지구성물질을 1/4${\sim}$2배 첨가한 배지와 Hyponex를 0.1${\sim}$0.4%에서 전엽체를 배양한 결과 2MS배지에서 전엽체의 생육이 가장 왕성하였으며, MS배지 구성물질들 중 인산염이 고사리 전엽체의 증식에 가장 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 탄소원의 종류 및 농도별로는 sucrose와 glucose 공히 1% 이상을 첨가한 구에서 전엽체의 생육이 비슷한 경향을 보였다. Agar의 첨가량은 전엽체의 증식에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았으며, agar를 첨가하지 않은 액체배지에서도 전엽체 증식이 왕성하였다. 액체배지 100 mL에 전엽체를 각각 100과 200 mg 접종하여 22일 동안 진탕배양한 결과, 전엽체는 20일 이후에는 증가속도가 완만해지는 경향을 보였으며, 초기 접종량이 20일 후 전엽체 증식에 큰 영향을 미치지 않으므로 100 mg을 곱게 다져 진탕배양 한 후, 20일 후 계대배양 하여 증식시키거나, 기외로 이식하여 포자체를 형성하는 것이 유리한 것으로 사료되었다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2013

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have emerged as important healthcare-associated infection since last two decades. ChromID VRE agar (cIDVA) is useful for VRE rectal swab screening. We investigated all VRE were isolated on the cIDVA. A total of 363 rectal swabs of 85 patients to test VRE screening were inoculated into bile-esculin (B-E) broth with $6{\mu}g/mL$ vancomycin. After 24 hours incubation, we subcultured B-E broths were changed to black onto cIDVA. All isolates were identified by the MICROSCAN and VITEK2. The vanA gene and vancomycin minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) were detected by PCR and E-test respectively. 277 E. faecium (84.7%), 16 E. faecalis (4.9%), 25 E. avium (7.6%), 8 E. gallinarum (2.4%) and 1 E. raffinosus (0.3%) were isolated. 10.3% of VRE detected on cIDVA were other than E. faecium and E. faecalis that presented various color from colorless to pale violet. All isolates contained vanA and vancomycin MIC were > $256{\mu}g/mL$. VRE isolates other than E. faecium and E. faecalis should be objective to the contact precautions for healthcare-associated infection control if they possess vanA gene. Due to emerging enterococci carrying vanA such as E. avium, E. gallinarum, and E. raffinosus, VRE surveillance should be expanded to all isolates on chromogenic agar.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2014

Purpose: This study assessed the effectiveness of three antimicrobial mouthrinses in reducing microbial growth on photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plates. Materials and Methods: Prior to performing a full-mouth radiographic survey (FMX), subjects were asked to rinse with one of the three test rinses ($Listerine^{(R)}$, $Decapinol^{(R)}$, or chlorhexidine oral rinse 0.12%) or to refrain from rinsing. Four PSP plates were sampled from each FMX through collection into sterile containers upon exiting the scanner. Flame-sterilized forceps were used to transfer the PSP plates onto blood agar plates (5% sheep blood agar). The blood agar plates were incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ for up to 72 h. An environmental control blood agar plate was incubated with each batch. Additionally, for control, 25 gas-sterilized PSP plates were plated onto blood agar and analyzed. Results: The mean number of bacterial colonies per plate was the lowest in the chlorhexidine group, followed by the Decapinol, Listerine, and the no rinse negative control groups. Only the chlorhexidine and Listerine groups were significantly different (p=0.005). No growth was observed for the 25 gas-sterilized control plates or the environmental control blood agar plates. Conclusion: The mean number of bacterial colonies was the lowest in the chlorhexidine group, followed by the Decapinol, Listerine, and the no rinse groups. Nonetheless, a statistically significant difference was found only in the case of Listerine. Additional research is needed to test whether a higher concentration (0.2%) or longer exposure period (two consecutive 30 s rinse periods) would be helpful in reducing PSP plate contamination further with chlorhexidine.