• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.181-192
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• 1989

Loss of teeth causes the inevitable reduction of residual ridge. Among the various methods solving this problem, hydroxyapatite proved to be useful for correction of ridge defect and irregularity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tissue responses of two types Of hydroxyapatites and resin polymer. Calcitite 2040 (Calcitek Inc.), Interpore 200 (Interpore Int.), and HTR polymer (HTR Sciences) were implanted into the jaw of an adult dog. The procedure was designed to obtain the results of 1 week, 2 week, 4 week, and 12 week-intervals. And after 12 weeks from the first operation day, the dog was sacrificed and evaluated histologically by light microscope. The results were as follows : 1. The mucosa was healed after two weeks. 2. After 1 week, there were acute inflammatory cells, but diminished after 2 weeks and were not seen after 12 weeks. 3. The hydroxyapatites implanted in soft tissues were surrounded by fibrous connective tissue. And some foreign body giant cells were found. 4. Calcitite and Interpore particles implanted subperiosteally were surrounded by newly formed bone after 12 months. And direct contact between bone and particles was noted. 5. The HTR particles implanted in soft tissues were encapsulated by fibrous connective tissues. The sample where the particles contacted directly to bone could not obtained by some probable insufficiencies of surgical technique or care of the animal. And the residue of HTR particles was digested by macrophage.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.399-422
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate a fragment of possibility of pulpotomy with the Nd-YAG laser by the observation of pulpal healing process and the fine structural changes of the fibroblasts of the remaining pulpal tissues. Class V cavities on !55 teeth from 4 adult dogs were prepared and the pulp chambers were opened with a sterilized round bur. In the control group(19 teeth), the exposed coronal pulps were excised by a sharp excarvator. After bleeding was controlled with the sterilized cotton pellets, calcium hydroxide powder was applied on the remaining pulpal tissues and the cavities were sealed with Z.O.E. In the experimental group 1 : the pulpotomy with laser-calcium hydroxide powder application group(l9 teeth), the exposed coronal pulps were excised by Nd-YAG laser(10 watts power, 2 psi water, 20 psi air) for 2 or 3 seconds and calcium hydroxide powder was applied on the remaining pulpal tissues and the cavities were sealed with Z.O.E. In the experimental group 2 : the pulpotomy with laser-no calcium hydroxide powder application group(17 teeth), after amputating the coronal pulps with Nd-YAG laser as the experimental group 1, the remaining pulpal tissues were covered with stenilized aluminum foil and the cavities were filled with Z.O.E. The animals were sacrificed at the intervals of 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. All the teeth were rouutinely processed and the remaining pulpal tissues were observed by the light microscope and electron microscope. The results were as follows : 1. In light microscopic findings, there was no significant difference of the inflammatory response in the remaining pulpal tissues between the control group and the experimental groups. In both of the experimental group 1 : pulpotomy with laser-calcium hydroxide powder application group and the control group, the dentin bridges were observed after 2 weeks and the structure of the dentin bridge was almost same. In the experimental group 2 : pulpotomy with laser-no calcium hydroxide powder application group, the fibrous layers instead of dentin bridge were observed on the superficial portion of the remaining pulpal tissues after 2 weeks and they were consisted with densely crowded active fibroblasts. 2. In the electronmicroscopic findings, the active fibroblasts in the experimental groups were more frequently observed than in the control group at 1 week. But active fibroblasts were found with same frequency after 2 weeks in all of the control group and the experimental groups. 3. General distortions of the cell such as loss of the cell membrane, vaculoization of the cell etc. were observed at the suberficial layer of the remaining pulpal tissues and the carbonization was found in the dentinal wall in 1 week of the experimental groups. 4. In the experimental group 2 : pulpotomy with laser-no calcium hydroxide powder application group, the activity and the density of the fibroblasts in the fibrous layer were more than those in the deep portion of the remaining pulpal tissues after 2 weeks. 5. In the control group, bacteria such as cocci and bacilli were observed frequently, but in the experimntal groups, they could not be observed.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2014

Background Various shapes and designs of the gluteal artery perforator flap have been used for treating sacral pressure sores and reconstructing breasts. To establish the ideal fasciocutaneous flap design for use in the gluteal area, the soft tissue thickness distribution was measured. Methods Twenty-one buttocks of adult Korean cadavers were analyzed through rectangular subfascial dissection. Each buttock was divided horizontally into 10 sections and vertically into 10 sections, and then, the thickness at the corners of the sections was measured. For the sake of comparison and statistical verification with living bodies, computed tomography (CT) images of 120 buttocks of patients were randomly selected. Five horizontal sections and 4 vertical sections were made, and the thickness at each corner was recorded. Results According to the dissection and the CT images, the area with the thinnest soft tissues in the buttock was around the posterior superior iliac spine, close to the sacral area. The thickest area was the superolateral area of the buttock, which was 3.24 times and 2.15 times thicker than the thinnest area in the studies on cadaver anatomy and the CT images, respectively. Conclusions The thickness of the soft tissues in the buttocks differed by area. The superolateral area had the thickest soft tissues, and the superomedial area had the thinnest. This study includes information on the distribution of the thickness of the gluteal soft tissues of Koreans. The outcome of this study may contribute to the design of effective local flaps for pressure sore reconstruction and free flaps for breast reconstruction.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.180-181
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• 2007

Intracranial teratomas are diagnosed mostly in young population and usually involve midline structure. We report a case of mature teratoma in an adult patient with unusual location in cerebellar hemisphere. A 47-year-old woman presented with severe headache and nausea. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a posterior fossa lesion with cerebellar hemispheric location not involving midline. Histological examination of surgical specimen showed fully matured representative tissues of the three germ layers confirming teratoma. This is a rare example of mature teratoma with unusual age of the patient and location.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.285-288
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• 2009

The expression pattern of immunoproteasomes in human thymus has not been analyzed but may have important consequences during thymic selection. Here we examined the expression patterns of immunoproteasome subunits in fetal and adult thymic tissues by immunohistochemistry and found that all three subunits are expressed in both cortical and medullary stromal cells. These data suggest that thymic selection in human can be affected by peptide repertoires generated by immunoproteasomes.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1993년도 제1회 추계심포지움 and 제2회 생리분자과학연구센터워크숍
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• pp.25-27
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• 1993

The effect of alpha$_1$-adrenergic stimulation on cardiac automaticity changes during myocardial development. To illustrate, in isolated tissues from the mature canine heart, alpha$_1$-adrenergic stimulation usually induces a decrease in automatic rate. On the other hand, many early neonatal fibers exhibit an increase in automatic rate In response to alpha$_1$-agonists, which is not seen in the adult.

• 식물병연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.116-119
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• 2001

Witches' broom symptoms were firstly found on tubers of Solanum tuberosum cv, Deijima, showing dense growth of spindly sprouts in Cheju province, Korea. Plantlets from the diseased plants also produced the typical witches' broom symptoms, having densely-growing small leaves when they became adult plants. At the later stages the diseased leaves were blightened. Presence of phytoplasma in plant tissues was confirmed by DAPI-staining fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy, exhibiting its localization in sieve tubes of stem, petiole, and midrib. This is the first report of potato witches' broom in Korea.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.483-489
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the differentiation and distribution of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT}-immunoreactive cells in the magnacellular preoptic nucleus (MCPO) of the postnatal and adult rat forebrains, utilizing techniques of immunocytochemistry. According to the cell shape and the ratio of long axis versus short axis of cell soma, the ChATimmunoreactive nerve cells in the MCPO were classified into six types: 1) round, 2) oval, 3) elongated, 4) fusiform, 5) triangular, and 6) polygonal types. Frequency distributions of the oval and round nerve cells on the postnatal day (PND) 0 were observed to be high. But in the adult, frequency distributions of the same cells were shown to decrease. Compared to those of the postnatal rats, frequency distributions of elongated, fusiform, triangular, and polygonal nerve cells in the adult were increased. The total mean volumes of ChAT-immunoreactive cell somata in the MCPO of PND 0 rat were the lowest, while those in the PND 17 rat were shown to be the highest and decreased in the adult. The soma volumes of the immunoreactive cells at the PND 17 were evenly distributed, but those in the other developmental stages (e.g. PND 7 and adult) appeared to exhibit unimodal distributions. On the electron micrography, the free ribosomes, polysomes, and rough endoplasmic reticula (RER) of the nerve cells in the MCPO of PND 21 rat forebrains were immunoreactive to ChAT in the tissues untreated with triton X-100. According to the observations in the present study, it is considered that the ChAT-immunoreactive nerve cells in the MCPO of the rat forebrains are differentiated throughout the following processes during the postnatal development: 1) increase in cell soma volumes, 2) development of neurites, 3) increase in the frequency of differentiated cell types, and 4) decrease in cell soma volumes. The ribosomes, polysomes, and RER are considered to be closely related to the intracellular localization and biosynthesis of the ChAT but not Golgi complex.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.259-267
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• 1999

The expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule-180 (NCAM-180), which accumulates at contact sites between cells and may be responsible for the stabilization of cell contacts, was studied in the olfactory system and retina of developing and adult rats. From embryonic day 12 onwards, which was the earliest stage examined, the NCAM-180 pathway directing to the presumptive olfactory bulb was observed. In later stages, olfactory neurons and fasciculating axons in the olfactory epithelium and nerve fiber layer and glomeruli of the olfactory bulb expressed NCAM-180. From postnatal day 0, immunolabelling pattern of the olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb were the same as that during later stages. NCAM-180 immunoreactivity was present on differentiating retinal cells and persisted on those cells throughout adulthood. However, contrary to the olfactory nerve which remained detectable in the adult, the optic nerve was only transiently expressed with NCAM-180 and was no longer detectable in the adult. The presence of NCAM-180 in olfactory tissues suggests their possible role in pathfinding, differentiation, fasciculation and synaptic plasticity. The continued presence of NCAM-180 in the olfactory system examined may underlie its continuous cell turnover and regenerative capacity. The continuous expression of NCAM-180 in ganglion cells, bipolar cells and photoreceptor cells, also suggests potential regenerating capability and some plastic functions for these cells in the adult. Since the expression of NCAM-180 by the optic nerve was restricted to the period of special histogenetic events, for example, during axonal growth and synaptogenesis, it is possible that the lack of NCAM-180 in the adult optic nerve might cause a nonpermissive environment for the regeneration and result in regenerative failure of this system.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.110-114
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• 2015

Purpose: Growth and differentiation factor (GDF)-11 is a transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ family member that plays important regulatory roles in development of multiple tissues which include axial skeletal patterning, palatal closure, and tooth formation. Proteins that have been identified as GDF-11 inhibitors include GDF-associated serum protein (GASP)-1 and GASP-2. Recently, we found that mice genetically engineered to lack both Gasp1 and Gdf11 have an increased frequency of cleft palate. The goal of this study was to investigate the roles of GDF-11 and its inhibitors, GASP-1 and GASP-2, during dental and craniofacial development and growth. Methods: Mouse genetic studies were used in this study. Homozygous knockout mice for Gasp1 ($Gasp1^{-/-}$) and Gasp2 ($Gasp2^{-/-}$) were viable and fertile, but Gdf11 homozygous knockout ($Gdf11^{-/-}$) mice died within 24 hours after birth. The effect of either Gasp1 or Gasp2 deletion in $Gdf11^{-/-}$ mice during embryogenesis was evaluated in $Gasp1^{-/-}$;$Gdf11^{-/-}$ and $Gasp2^{-/-}$;$Gdf11^{-/-}$ mouse embryos at 18.5 days post-coitum (E18.5). For the analysis of adult tissues, we used $Gasp1^{-/-}$;$Gdf11^{+/-}$ and $Gasp2^{-/-}$;$Gdf11^{+/-}$ mice to evaluate the potential haploinsufficiency of Gdf11 in $Gasp1^{-/-}$ and $Gasp2^{-/-}$ mice. Results: Although Gasp2 expression decreased after E10.5, Gasp1 expression was readily detected in various ectodermal tissues at E17.5, including hair follicles, epithelium in nasal cavity, retina, and developing tooth buds. Interestingly, $Gasp1^{-/-}$;$Gdf11^{-/-}$ mice had abnormal formation of lower incisors: tooth buds for lower incisors were under-developed or missing. Although $Gdf11^{+/-}$ mice were viable and had mild transformations of the axial skeleton, no specific defects in the craniofacial development have been observed in $Gdf11^{+/-}$ mice. However, loss of Gasp1 in $Gdf11^{+/-}$ mice occasionally resulted in small and abnormally shaped auricles. Conclusions: These findings suggest that both GASP-1 and GDF-11 play important roles in dental and craniofacial development both during embryogenesis and in adult tissues.