• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.216-217
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• 2020

As the fire inside the building grows rapidly, ejected flame from an opening occurs due to flashover. As a result, the number of cases where the flame spreads to the exterior of the building and rapidly expands to the upper floor is increasing. In particular, in the case of the fire in the Daebong Green Apartment, Uijeongbu in 2015, it was a case where the flame spread to adjacent buildings due to the opening eruption flame from the first ignited building, causing great damage to three apartments. Therefore, this study is to introduce an international standard under development that estimates the shape and properties of the ejected flame from an opening and quantitatively evaluates the radiant heat flux received by the exterior wall of the building by assuming the occurrence of the ejected flame from an opening.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.371-390
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• 2010

Historical buildings in seismically active regions are severely damaged by earthquakes, since they certainly were not designed by the original builders to withstand seismic effects. In particular the reports after major ground motions indicate that earthquake-induced pounding between buildings may lead to substantial damage or even collapse of colliding structures. The research on structural pounding during earthquakes has been recently much advanced, although most of the studies are conducted on simplified single degree of freedom systems. In this paper a detailed pounding-involved response analysis of three adjacent structures is performed, concerning the main bodies of the "Quinto Orazio Flacco" school. The construction includes a main masonry building, with an M-shaped plan, and a reinforced concrete building, separated from the masonry one and realized along its free perimeter. By the analysis of the capacity curves obtained by suitable pushover procedures performed separately for each building, it emerges that masonry and reinforced concrete buildings are vulnerable to earthquake-induced structural pounding in the longitudinal direction. In particular, due to the geometric configuration of the school, a special case of impact between the reinforced concrete structure and two parts of the masonry building occurs. In order to evaluate the pounding-involved response of three adjacent structures, in this paper a numerical procedure is proposed, programmed using MATLAB software. Both a non-linear viscoelastic model to simulate impact and an elastic-perfectly plastic approximation of the storey shear force-drift relation are assumed, differently from many commercial softwares which admit just one non-linearity.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.669-683
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• 2003

The stochastic optimal nonlinear control of coupled adjacent building structures is studied based on the stochastic dynamical programming principle and the stochastic averaging method. The coupled structures with control devices under random seismic excitation are first condensed to form a reduced-order structural model for the control analysis. The stochastic averaging method is applied to the reduced model to yield stochastic differential equations for structural modal energies as controlled diffusion processes. Then a dynamical programming equation for the energy processes is established based on the stochastic dynamical programming principle, and solved to determine the optimal nonlinear control law. The seismic response mitigation of the coupled structures is achieved through the structural energy control and the dimension of the optimal control problem is reduced. The seismic excitation spectrum is taken into account according to the stochastic dynamical programming principle. Finally, the nonlinear controlled structural response is predicted by using the stochastic averaging method and compared with the uncontrolled structural response to evaluate the control efficacy. Numerical results are given to demonstrate the response mitigation capabilities of the proposed stochastic optimal control method for coupled adjacent building structures.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2018

This study proposes a new vibration control approach for adjacent twin structures, which is termed as viscous damper asymmetric coupling system in this paper. The proposed system takes a concept that the diagonal bracing viscous dampers are asymmetrically distributed in two buildings to break the behavior symmetry of the twin buildings and then the coupling viscous damper is additionally installed at the top floor of the two buildings to couple both buildings and interactively transfer the asymmetric behavior-caused damping forces into both buildings. These asymmetric damping distributions and interacting damping forces of the connection damper efficiently suppress the overall vibration of the damper-coupled adjacent twin buildings efficiently. Genetic algorithm (GA) based multi-objective optimization technique is adopted for optimal design of the proposed system. In the numerical example of adjacent twin 10-story building structures, the conventional control approach, that is, uniform damping distribution system (UDS) is also taken into account for comparison purpose. The optimization results verify that the proposed system either can improve the control performance over the UDS with the same damping capacity, or can save the damping capacity significantly while maintaining the similar level of control performance to the UDS.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.185-195
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• 2017

With the rapid development of urban underground traffic, the study of soil deformation induced by subway tunnel construction and its settlement prediction are gradually of general concern in engineering circles. The law of soil displacement caused by shield tunnel construction of adjacent buildings is analyzed in this paper. The author holds that ground surface settlement based on the Gauss curve or Peck formula induced by tunnel excavation of adjacent buildings is not reasonable. Integrating existing research accomplishments, the paper proposed that surface settlement presents cork distribution curve characters, skewed distribution curve characteristics and normal distribution curve characteristics when the tunnel is respectively under buildings, within the scope of the disturbance and outside the scope of the disturbance. Calculation formulas and parameters on cork distribution curve and skewed distribution curve were put forward. The numerical simulation, experimental comparison and model test analysis show that it is reasonable for surface settlement to present cork distribution curve characters, skewed distribution curve characteristics and normal distribution curve characteristics within a certain range. The research findings can be used to make effective prediction of ground surface settlement caused by tunnel construction of adjacent buildings, and to provide theoretical guidance for the design and shield tunnelling.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.151-164
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• 2017

This article aims to investigate the possible retrofitting of a deficient building with soft story failure mode by connecting it to an adjacent building which is designed based on current code with friction dampers at all floors. Low cost and high performance reliability along with significant energy dissipation pertaining to stable hysteretic loops may be considered in order to choose the proper damper for connecting adjacent buildings. After connecting two neighbouring floors by friction dampers, the sliding forces of dampers at various stories are set in two arrangements: uniform sliding force and then variable sliding force. In order to account for the stochastic nature of the seismic events, incremental dynamic analyses are employed prior and after the installation of the friction dampers at the various floors. Based on these results, fragility curves and mean annual rate of exceedance of serviceability and ultimate limit states are obtained. The results of this study show that the collapse mode of the deficient building can affect the optimum arrangement of sliding forces of friction dampers at Collapse Prevention (CP) performance level. In particular, the Immediate Occupancy (IO) performance level is not tangible to the sliding force arrangement and it depends solely on sliding force value. Generally it can be claimed that this rehabilitation scheme can turn the challenge of pounding two adjacent buildings into the opportunity of dissipating a large amount of the seismic input energy by the friction dampers, thus improving significantly the poor seismic performance of the deficient structure.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2007

본 연구는 흙막이굴착 공사에 의한 지반거동을 평가하여, 구조물의 형상, 위치, 굴착공정 변화등의 다양한 조건과 지반/구조물의 상호작용이 고려된 모형실험을 기본으로 수행하였다. 흙막이굴착에 따른 인접구조물의 손상수준은 구조물의 형상비(L/h), 굴착단계, 이격거리(X) 등에 따라 현저히 다르게 나타남을 확인하였으며, 구조물 중 가장 취약한 구간(BAY)에 따른 평가가 시공초기에 보다 세밀하고 구체적으로 분석되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 구조물에 발생된 균열의 손상수준을 손상도표에서 평가해 본 결과, 균열손상 수준이 적용된 평가가 각변위와 수평변형율만 적용된 손상수준보다 안전측으로 평가되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로, 각변위와 수평변형율 뿐만 아니라 균열이 고려된 손상평가를 수행하는 것이 보다 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2014

The performance of the daylighting in buildings depends on building site and shape. As an energy saving design strategy, daylighting is a key issue in green building design. In this paper, the influence of the adjacent or obstructed building on daylighting performance of the office building in urban area was analyzed. A typical office building about 20 storeys with obstructed buildings has been modeled and simulated using Radiance. The parametric simulations have been performed to analyze the influence of the daylighting performance (illuminance, luminance) of the analyzed office. The results show that the possibility of the glare was decreased when the obstructed building is located in south, also the illuminance level was significantly decreased. When the obstructed building is located in north, the changes of the illuminance level and luminance possibility were somewhat small compared to the unobstructed condition. The daylighting performance of the analyzed building was most affected by the obstructed building in winter season.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2023

최근 도심지를 중심으로 개발사업이 증가함에 따라 도시철도 운행구간 인접지역에서 건축 구조물의 시공이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 경우 운행 중인 열차에 의해 지반진동이 발생하여 인접 구조물에 영향을 미치므로 건축 구조물은 설계단계부터 인접한 위치에서 발생하는 열차진동에 대한 적절한 방진대책이 필요하다. 그러나, 열차진동 평가방법에 따라 산정된 진동 수준은 서로 상이하며, 이는 열차진동 평가방법별로 방진대책 실시여부가 달라질 수 있음을 의미한다. 따라서, 본 연구는 수치해석과 열차진동 평가방법을 이용하여 지반조건, 터널깊이, 가진원과 인접 구조물 간의 이격거리에 따른 진동 수준을 산정하고, 이를 설계사례와 비교하여 적용성이 높은 열차진동 평가방법을 제시하였다. 그리고, 진동 수준과 허용규제기준과의 비교를 통해 터널과 인접 구조물 간 적정 이격거리를 평가하였다. 연구결과, 열차진동 평가방법 중 Ungar and Bender 평가방법이 가장 적정성이 높은 것으로 평가되었으며, 터널과 인접 구조물 간의 적정 이격거리는 4.5D 이상인 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.283-292
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to suggest visual resource management methods for the national parks and adjacent areas, where visual impacts by high rise buildings such as hotel, condominium, etc. become serious problems. In this study Soraksan National Park has been selected as a case study for landscape management planning. The results of this study are as follows: 1) Comprehensive landscape management planning for National Parks and adjacent areas is necessary to solve visual impact problems by high rise buldings such as hotel, condominium, etc. 2) It is suggested to investigate visual resources and conceptual landscape management ideas, to select landscape control points and lines, landscape management areas, and to prepare building height control plan for proper landscape management plan. 3) In case of Soraksan national park, the landscape management plan includes three landscape management areas : Landscape preservation area, General landscape management area, and special landscape management area. 4) In the part of special landscape management area, it is necessary to introduce landscape impact assessment system to more effective landscape management.