• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.43-48
• /
• 2007

This study investigated the effects of pH, alkalinity, and chlorine ion which are important water quality impact factors to the corrosion in the simulated distribution system where the copper pipe is affixed. The result shows that pitting index was increased as the alkalinity and chloride ion increase in the distilled water, but there was no relation to pH. Actually the uniform corrosion rate was decreased as the pH increase with the laboratory tap water. In conclusion, it is necessary to control the pH which stands above minimum 7.5 to prevent pitting corrosion in the copper pipe. Consequently, comprehensive research about the effect of lime soda($Ca(OH)_2$) which was used as a coagulation additive in the water treatment plant to pipe corrosion must be accomplished additionally.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국윤활학회 2000년도 제32회 추계학술대회 정기총회
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2000

Until recently performance requirements for automatic transmission fluids have continued to change to reflect the design changes of automatic transmission. The major purpose for these design changes is to improve the fuel economy and easy driving. To meet recent performance requirements fur automatic transmission the needs for special base oils Bike API Group III and IV base oils become larger. In this paper to evaluate the effects of base oils on performance of automatic transmission fluids formulated with API Group I,II,III and IV and Dexron III and Hereon Type additive package, Brookfield viscosity, oxidation test, SAE No.2 friction test and seal compatibility test were examined. From the test we knew that the use of Croup III and IV base oils in ATF has several benefits in low temperature viscosity, oxidation stability and SAE No.2 friction characteristics.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.185-189
• /
• 1994

The eight combined products composed of ranitidine.HCI, tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate and sucralfate were prepared with various ratios and studied in therapeutic effects of them on various gastrointestinal diseases. These were induced in rats with the porous ligation, ethanol-HCI, acetic acid and cysteamine method, etc. In all experimental setting, the effect of the combined treating was more pronounced than the effect of each drug alone. Specially, the combined treatment consisted of ranitidine : tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate sucralfate ratio of 1.5 : 2 : 6 showed the most powerful therapeutic effect on acute gastric ulcer model and revealed a significant acceleration of the healing on chronic gastroduodenal ulcer model. And that, therapeutic doses of ranitidine, tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate arid sucralfate given in combination had an additive or, in some case, synergistic effect. From the above results, this combined treatment may useful to heal the gastrointestinal diseases that aren't cured well by treatment of each them alone.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.692-699
• /
• 2008

The effects of wasabi stalk on the taste and storage characteristics of baechukimchi were assessed in the final product. Wasabi stalk was added in different ratios: 0, 1, 3, 5, or 7%(w/v) of Chinese cabbage. As the fermentation progressed, the pH of the product dropped. Total acidity increased in all treatments during fermentation. The total vitamin C content increased during the first 8 to 13 days of fermentation. Reducing sugar decreased in all treatment as fermentation continued. The numbers of total cells and lactic acid bacteria increased until they peaked, and then began decreasing as fermentation continued. With regard to acceptability characteristics, the 3% treatment was most favored. With simple regard to the quantitative level of wasabi stalk addition, the 3% treatment was most appropriate under all testing conditions. In conclusion, stalk seems to be an economical and natural additive which has effects on extension of the shelf life of baechukimchi.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제31권12호
• /
• pp.1135-1138
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder on the growth performance of broilers. A total of 120 broiler chicks (Arbor acres) at 0 days old were assigned to one of two treatments with three replications: control and 1% sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder. Weight gain at 3 weeks and feed intake at 5 weeks were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder treatments. However, there were no significant differences in the feed conversion ratio between treatments as a function of treatment time (p>0.05). Overall, weight gain and the feed conversion ratio were slightly greater for the sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder treatment than the control treatment. It was concluded that sipjeondaebo-tang by-product powder may be an appropriate source of feed additive, without any negative effects on the growth performance of the broilers.

• 셀메드
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.28.1-28.6
• /
• 2016

Oxidative rancidity in foods causes undesirable changes in nutritive value, aroma, flavor, and color. Salix Koreensis Andersson in DC. (SK) has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and is traditionally used to treat neuralgia, edema, pain, and inflammatory diseases. However, the regulatory effects of SK on oxidative and inflammatory reactions have not been elucidated. In this context, we scientifically validated the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of SK leaf (SKL). The methanol extract of SKL was evaluated for in vitro anti-oxidative activities. SKL showed increased superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. The in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of SKL were also investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. LPS resulted in decreased SOD activities compared with the unstimulated cells, but SKL significantly increased SOD activities reduced by LPS. In addition, LPS-induced nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, and interleukin-6 productions were significantly and dose-dependently reduced by SKL in RAW264.7 macrophages without inducing cytotoxicity. In conclusion, these results indicate that SKL will be able to be effectively used as a food additive with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.61-64
• /
• 2005

General and specific combining ability effects of six bivoltine breeds of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) were evaluated for six quantitative characters through diallel method wherein parents, $F_{1}s$ and reciprocals are involved. The breeds $APS_{11}\;and\;APS_{2}$ were found to be the best general combiners for most of the traits studied. The high estimates of specific combining ability (sca) variance (${\sigma}^{2}s$) compared to general combining ability (gca) variance (${\sigma}^{2}g$) indicated the predominant role of non-additive gene action in the control of all the characters. Positive sca effects for majority of the traits were expressed by the combinations $APS_{13}{\times}APS_6,\;APS_{13}{\times}APS_2,\;APS_{11}{\times}APS_6\;and\;APS_5{\times}APS_2$ out of 15 crosses. Among the 15 reciprocal crosses studied, the combination $APS_8{\times}APS_{13}$ showed positive reciprocal effects for all the six traits. With both the parents $APS_5\;and\;APS_2$ being good general combiners the hybrid $APS_5{\times}APS_2$ showing high sca effects is recommended for commercial use.

• 한국추진공학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.101-119
• /
• 2005

초소형 연소시스템의 응용을 위한 기초 자료로서, 열 및 운동량 손실이 예혼합화염의 연소불안정성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 수치적으로 연구하였다 고차정확도를 갖는 수치해석기법을 이용한 수치실험에서 운동량 손실은 Darrieus-Landau (D-L) 불안정성을 증진시키는 효과를 보였고 열손실은 diffusive-thermal (D-T) 불안정성을 활성화시키는 효과를 나타냈다. 이러한 영향은 화염의 비선형적 거동구간에도 유효하여 다중 셀의 분할 및 통합과정에서도 중요한 역할을 했다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 1990

Korean Lawn. Zoysia japonica Steud. is the type of a perennial warm-season turfgrass keeping green leaf color for 5 months from May to September in natural condition in Korea. This Studies were carried out to obtain the effects of N-P-K fertilization, regrowth capacity after mowing and chlorophyll contents on prolongation of the green leaf color period in Zoysia japonica Steud turfgrass areas. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1.The effects of nitrogen fertilizer application in Zoysia japonica Steud, turfgrass areas were affected on regrowth ability after mowing green color of leaf canopies and chlorophyll contents, respectively(P<.05) 2.A experimental plots which applied 51 g/m$^2$/10 weeks of N$_3$P$_1$K$_1$fertilizer, there were high significant effects on prolongation of the green leaf color period and the plots of phosphorus and potassium had additive effects. 3.Prolongation of the green leaf color period to the last of October was obviously possible by slow degrees in proportation to increment of the fertilizer. However, it is interpreted that more prolongation of the green period is impossible with N-P-K fertilization and irrigation treatments. unless the intermediate turfgrasses between $C_3$ and $C_4$plants must be found and bred.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.254-282
• /
• 1977

벼의 생육(生育) 및 수량(收量)에 관(關)한 주요양적형질(主要量的形質)의 유전(遺傳)에 관(關)한 정보(情報)를 얻고져 1974년(年) 농백(農白), 통일(統一), 팔굉(八紘), 만경(萬頃), 금남풍(金南風)을 교배친(交配親)으로 전조합(全組合) 이면교배(二面交配)를 실시(實施)하여 $F_1$종자(種子)를 얻었으며 1975년(年) 이들 $F_1$ 및 교배친(交配親) 품종(品種)을 재배(栽培)하여 여러 형질(形質)을 조사(調査)하고 그 결과(結果)를 Griffing 및 Hayman의 방법(方法)에 따라 유전분석(遺傳分析)을 하였던 바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 통일(統一)을 교배친(交配親)으로 한 조합(組合)에서는 출수기(出穗期)가 늦어지는 쪽이 우성(優性)이었고 출수기(出穗期)가 늦어지는 방향(方向)으로 각(各) 조합(組合)에서 모두 높은 Heterosis를 나타내었던 바 높은 우성효과(優性效果)와 비대립유전자간(非對立遺傳子間)의 교호작용(交互作用)도 인정(認定)되었는데 통일(統一)을 제외(除外)한 품종(品種)을 양친(兩親)으로 한 조합(組合)에서는 출수기(出穗期)가 빠른 쪽이 우성(優性)이었고 상가적효과(相加的效果)가 우성효과(優性效果)에 비(比)해 현저(顯著)히 큰 부분우성(部分優性)을 나타내었으며 비대립유전자간(非對立遺傳子間)의 교호작용(交互作用)도 인정(認定)되지 않았다. 2. 통일(統一)을 교배친(交配親)으로 한 조합(組合)에서는 장간(長稈)쪽으로 높은 Heterosis율(率)을 나타내었으며 간장(稈長)이 긴 것이 짧은 것에 비(比)해 우성(優性)이었고 상가적효과(相加的效果)에 비(比)해 우성효과(優性效果)가 매우 커서 초월우성(超越優性)을 나타내었으며 협의(狹意)의 유전력(遺傳力)은 아주 낮았다. 그리고 교배조합(交配組合)에 따라 모본효과(母本效果)와 정역효과(正逆效果)가 현저(顯著)하였다. 3. 이삭의 추출도(抽出度)는 모든 조합(組合)에서 양친(兩親)의 평균(平均)보다 약간 길었으며 추출도(抽出度)가 길어지는 방향(方向)으로 부분우성(部分優性)을 나타내고 있었다. 우성효과(優性效果)에 비(比)해 상가적작용(相加的作用)이 현저(顯著)히 컷고 광의(廣意) 및 협의(狹意)의 유전력(遺傳力)도 모두 높았다. 추출도(抽出度)에서도 간장(稈長)에서와 같이 모본효과(母本效果)와 정역효과(正逆效果)가 유의(有意)하였다. 4. 지엽각(止葉角)은 대체로 예각(銳角)의 방향(方向)이 우성(優性)이었으나 팔굉(八紘)에서만은 교배조합(交配組合)에 따라 예각(銳角)과 둔각(鈍角)의 두 가지 상반(相反)되는 방향(方向)으로 Heterosis를 보였다. 우성효과(優性效果)가 상가적효과(相加的效果)보다 약간 높았는데 지엽각(止葉角)의 유전(遺傳)에는 교배조합(交配組合)에 따라 비대립유전자간(非對立遺傳子間)의 교호작용(交互作用)도 상당히 크게 작용(作用)한 것으로 보여진다. 5. 지엽장(止葉長)과 지엽폭(止葉幅)에서는 모두 이들이 증가(增加)되는 방향(方向)이 우성(優性)이었으나 Heterosis의 정도(程度)는 교배조합(交配組合)에 따라 각각 다르게 나타났다. 지엽장(止葉長)의 유전(遺傳)에서는 상가적효과(相加的效果)에 비(比)해 아주 높은 우성효과(優性效果)를 보여 초월우성(超越優性)이 인정(認定)되었던 반면(反面) 지엽폭(止葉幅)에서는 우성효과(優性效果)는 적었고 상가적효과(相加的效果)가 매우 크게 나타나 부분우성(部分優性)을 보였으며 광의(廣意) 및 협의(狹意)의 유전력(遺傳力)이 모두 높았다. 그리고 지엽장(止葉長), 지엽폭(止葉幅) 및 지엽각(止葉角)에서는 모두 모본효과(母本效果)나 정역효과(正逆效果)는 인정(認定)되지 않았다. 6. 통일(統一)을 한쪽친(親)으로 하는 조합(組合)의 수장(穗長)은 모두 양친(兩親)에 비(比)해 현저(顯著)히 길었으나 그 외의 조합(組合)에서는 $F_1$의 수장(穗長)이 양친(兩親)의 평균치(平均値)와 비슷하였고 수장(穗長)의 유전(遺傳)에는 상가적(相加的) 효과(效果)보다 우성효과(優性效果)가 크게 작용(作用)하였으며 수장(穗長)이 길어지는 방향(方向)이 우성(優性)이었고 협의(狹意)의 유전력(遺傳力)은 아주 낮았다. 7. 수수(穗數)가 많은 것이 적은 것에 대(對)해 우성(優性)이었으며 $F_1$의 Heterosis 정도(程度)는 교배조합(交配組合)에 따라 각각상이(各各相異)하였다. 수수(穗數)의 유전(遺傳)에는 우성효과(優性效果)가 상가적효과(相加的效果)보다 약간 크게 작용(作用)하고 있어 완전우성(完全優性)에 가까우며 모본효과(母本效果)와 정역효모(正逆效母)에 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었다. 8. 수당입수(穗當粒數)는 교배조합(交配組合)에 따라 각각(各各) 정부(正負)의 상반(相反)되는 방향(方向)으로 Heterosis가 나타났으며 Heterosis의 정도(程度)도 조합(組合)에 따라 상이(相異)하였다. 평균(平均) 우성방향(優性方向)은 수당입수(穗當粒數)가 증가(增加)되는 쪽이었으나 조합(組合)에 따라 우성(優性)의 방향(方向)은 수당입수(穗當粒數)가 증가(增加)되는 경우와 감소(減少)되는 경우를 동시(同時)에 인정(認定)할 수 있었다. 수당입수(穗當粒數)의 유전(遺傳)에는 우성효과(優性效果)가 아주 크게 나타났으며 비대립유전자(非對立遺傳子)의 교호작용(交互作用)도 인정(認定)되었다. 9. 등숙비율(登熟比率)은 조합(組合)에 따라 출수기(出穗期)의 지연(遲延)에 기인(基因)되는 등숙장해(登熟障害)와 기타 환경(環境)의 영향으로 그 유전양식(遺傳樣式)의 파악(把握)이 거의 불가능(不可能)하였으나 통일(統一)을 제외(除外)한 조합(組合)에서는 등숙비율(登熟比率)이 증가(增加)하는 방향(方向)의 우성효과(優性效果)가 인정(認定)되었다. 10. 천입중(千粒重)은 무거운 것이 가벼운 것에 대(對)해 우성(優性)이었고 우성(優性)의 정도(程度)는 상가적효과(相加的效果)가 우성효과(優性效果)에 비(比)해 현저(顯著)히 높아 부분우성(部分優性)을 나타내었다. 천입중(千粒重)은 광의(廣意) 및 협의(狹意)의 유전력(遺傳力)이 모두 높았으며 모본효과(母本效果)나 정역효과(正逆效果)는 인정(認定)되지 않았다. 11. 고중(藁重)은 통일(統一)을 한쪽 친(親)으로 하는 조합(組合)에서는 고중(藁重)이 무거워지는 방향(方向)으로 높은 Heterosis를 보였으나 그외(外)의 조합(組合)에서는 양친(兩親)의 평균(平均)보다 고중(藁重)이 감소(減少)되었고 조합(組合)에 따라 우성(優性)의 방향(方向)이 정부(正負)로 나타날 뿐 아니라 그 정도(程度)도 서로 다르며 비대립유전자간(非對立遺傳子間)의 교호작용(交互作用)도 현저(顯著)하였다.