• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
• /
• pp.628-632
• /
• 2005

Remote sensing through atmospheric turbulence had been hard works for a long time, because wavefront distortion due to the Earth's atmospheric turbulence deteriorates image quality. But due to the appearance of adaptive optics, it is no longer difficult things. Adaptive optics is the technology to correct random optical wavefront distortions in real time. For past three decades, research on adaptive optics has been performed actively. Currently, most of newly built telescopes have adaptive optical systems. Adaptive optical system is typically composed of three parts, wavefront sensing, wavefront correction and control. In this work, the wavefront sensing technology for adaptive optical system is treated. More specifically, shearing interferometers and Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors are considered. Both of them are zonal wavefront sensors and measure the slope of a wavefront. . In this study, the shearing interferometer is made up of four right-angle prisms, whose relative sliding motions provide the lateral shearing and phase shifts necessary for wavefront measurement. Further, a special phase-measuring least-squares algorithm is adopted to compensate for the phase-shifting error caused by the variation in the thickness of the index-matching oil between the prisms. Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors are widely used in adaptive optics for wavefront sensing. It uses an array of identical positive lenslets. And each lenslet acts as a subaperture and produces spot image. Distortion of an input wavefront changes the location of spot image. And the slope of a wavefront is obtained by measuring this relative deviation of spot image. Structures and measuring algorithms of each sensor will be presented. Also, the results of wavefront measurement will be given. Using these wavefront sensing technology, an adaptive optical system will be built in the future.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.101-113
• /
• 2021

Adaptive optics (AO) systems are becoming more complex to improve their optical performance and enlarge their field of view, so it is a hard and time consuming process to set up and optimize the components of AO systems with actual implementation. However, simulations allow AO scientists and engineers to experiment with different optical layouts and components without needing to obtain and prepare them physically. In this paper, we introduce a new AO simulation named the Korea Adaptive Optics Simulation (KAOS), independently developed by LIG Nex1. We verified the performance of KAOS by comparing with other AO simulation tools. In the comparison simulation, we confirmed the results from KAOS and other AO simulation tools were very similar. Also, we proposed a laser tomography AO system with five Rayleigh laser guide stars (LGSs) optimized by using KAOS to overcome the disadvantages of the AO system with a single sodium LGS for the satellite imaging system. We verified the performance of the proposed AO system using KAOS, and the simulation result showed averaged Strehl ratio of 0.37.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국광학회 2000년도 하계학술발표회
• /
• pp.3-3
• /
• 2000

Adaptive Optical (AO) technology can compensate for wave-front errors in real-time to improve image and beam quality. The research and development on AO in China began in 1979. In 1980, the first laboratory on AO in China was established in Institute of Optics and Electronics (IOE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Since then several AO systems have been built in this Laboratory. The 19-element system is the first AO system in the world ever used in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) facility in our knowledge. It corrects the static error of this large laser engineering. The 21-element system was firstly tested at the 1.2m telescope of Kunming Observatory in 1990 and then up-dated as an IR AO system installed at the 2.16m telescope of Beijing Observatory. The 37-element system was used with a turbulence cell in Laboratory on Atmospheric Optics in Hefei to conduct elementary research on Atmospheric Optics. The 61-element system for astronomical observation is newly developed. It has been successfully installed at the 1.2m telescope of Kunming Observatory and a laser guide star system will be integrated with the system. A compact AO system using our newly developed miniature DM for high resolution ophthalmic imaging of retina is also being built. The key elements of these AO systems, deformable mirrors and fast-steering mirrors, are all developed in this Laboratory. In this talk, the main configurations of these AO systems, some test results as well as the specifications of these active mirrors will be presented.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제5권6호
• /
• pp.641-651
• /
• 2021

To handle the servo delay in a real-time adaptive optics system, a linear subspace system identification algorithm was employed to model the system, and the accuracy of the system identification was verified by numerical calculation. Experimental verification was conducted in a real test bed system. Through analysis and comparison of the experimental results, the convergence can be achieved only 200 times with prediction and 300 times without prediction. After the wavefront peak-to-valley value converges, its mean values are 0.27, 4.27, and 10.14 ㎛ when the communication distances are 1.2, 4.5, and 10.2 km, respectively. The prediction algorithm can effectively improve the convergence speed of the peak-to-valley value and improve the free-space optical communication performance.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.53.3-53.3
• /
• 2021

Adaptive Optics (AO) was first studied in the field of astronomy, and its applications have been extended to the field of laser, microscopy, bio, medical, and free space laser communication. AO modelling and simulation are required throughout the system development process. It is necessary not only for proper design but also for performance verification after the final system is built. In KASI, we are trying to develop the AO Python Package for AO modelling and simulation. It includes modelling classes of atmosphere, telescope, Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, deformable mirror, which are the components for an AO system. It also includes the ability to simulate the entire AO system over time. It is being developed in the Super Eye Bridge project to develop a segmented mirror, an adaptive optics, and an emersion grating spectrograph, which are future telescope technologies. And it is planned to be used as a performance analysis system for several telescope projects in Korea.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.777-791
• /
• 2018

This paper discusses the shape control of deformable mirrors for Adaptive Optics in the dynamic range. The phenomenon of control-structure interaction appears when the mirror becomes large, lowering the natural frequencies $f_i$, and the control bandwidth $f_c$ increases to improve the performance, so that the condition $f_c{\ll}f_i$ is no longer satisfied. In this case, the control system tends to amplify the response of the flexible modes and the system may become unstable. The main parameters controlling the phenomenon are the frequency ratio $f_c/f_i$ and the structural damping ${\zeta}$. Robustness tests are developed which allow to evaluate a lower bound of the stability margin. Various passive and active strategies for damping augmentation are proposed and tested in simulation.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.368-380
• /
• 2016

There is no doubt that adaptive optics (AO) is the most promising method to compensate wavefront disturbance in free space optics communication (FSO). In order to improve the performance of the AO system described by discrete-time linear system model with time-delay and implicit phase turbulent model, new controllers based on a Kalman filter and its extensions are proposed. Based on the standard Kalman filter, we propose a fading memory filter to deal with the ruleless strong interference; sequential and U-D filters are applied to reduce implementation complexity for the embedded controllers. Theoretical analysis and the numerical simulations show that the proposed fading memory filter can upgrade the performance for AO systems in consideration of the unforeseen strong pulse interference, and the sequential and U-D filters perform well compared with a Kalman filter.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.106-113
• /
• 2016

본 논문에서는 37채널을 갖는 적응광학계용 SiC(Silicon Carbide) 변형거울의 파면 보상 성능 검증에 관한 내용을 다룬다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 SiC 변형거울의 파면 보상 성능을 예측하였고, 실제 closed-loop 적응광학계를 구성하여 파면 보상 성능을 확인 하였다. Closed-loop 적응광학계는 광원, 위상판, SiC 변형거울, 고속 샥-하트만 센서 그리고 제어용 컴퓨터로 구성되어있다. 회전하는 위상판에 의해 왜곡된 파면을 샥-하트만 센서로 측정하고, SiC 변형거울을 이용하여 왜곡된 파면을 보상해주는 시스템이다. 결과적으로 closed-loop 적응광학계에서 500 Hz의 속도로 PV(Peak-to-Valley) $0.3{\mu}m{\sim}0.9{\mu}m$, RMS(Root-Mean-Square) $0.06{\mu}m{\sim}0.25{\mu}m$의 왜곡된 파면을 PV $0.1{\mu}m$, RMS $0.03{\mu}m$이하로 보상시킬 수 있었다.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.251-257
• /
• 2002

고속 정밀 파면측정 기술은 적응광학 시스템의 성능향상에 중요한 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 적응광학시스템의 하트만 센서로부터 파면정보를 고속으로 측정할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 또한 변형거울 및 기울기거울을 외부유입 노이즈에 강하게 제어하기 위하여 차분 신호를 구성하는 전기적인 제어 장치들을 개발하였다. 무게중심법에 기초한 파면측정 기술은 하트만 센서를 이용한 파면측정 알고리즘으로 가장 널리 사용 되어오고 있으며 좋은 측정결과를 제공해오고 있다. 본 논문에서는 하트만 센서를 이용한 점 영상에서 실제 각 점의 무게 중심위치를 예측하는 예측 가중치가 결합된 무게중심 법을 제안하였다. 제안된 고속 파면측정 알고리즘은 실험을 통해 고속의 정밀한 측정 결과를 제공함을 확인하였고 결과를 비교 분석하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2018

The adaptive optics for compensating for optical wavefront distortion due to atmospheric turbulence has recently been used in systems that improve beam quality by eliminating the aberrations of high power laser beam wavefront. However, unseen-mode, which can not be measured in the wavefront sensor, increases the instability of the laser beam wavefront compensator on the adaptive optics system. As a method for improving such instability, a mathematical method for limiting the number of singular values is used when generating the command matrix involved in generation of the drive command of the wavefront compensator. In the past, however, we have relied solely on experimental methods to determine the limiting range of the singular values. In this paper, we propose a criterion for determining the limiting range of the singular values using the driving characteristics and the correlation technique of the wavefront compensator's actuators and have proved its performance experimentally.