• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.192-197
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• 2018

A new blackish-brown variety of Flammulina velutipes, 'Yeoreumhyang2ho,' which was bred by crossing two monokaryons isolated from the 'Heukhyang' and 'Garlmoe' varieties, showed adaptability to high temperature. During bottle cultivation, the temperature was maintained at $16^{\circ}C$ and the variety displayed good productivity compared to the control ('Heukhyang'), without necessitating low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) treatment. The period necessary for mycelial and fruit body growth, and primordia formation was 24 days, 8 days, and 8 days, respectively. The total cultivation period was 40 days, which was 3 days shorter than that of the control. Particularly, primordia formation took 2 days less than the control and showed initial uniformity. The yield of 'Yeoreumhyang2ho' was 154 g per 850 ml bottle, which was 8% higher than the control yield. The ${\beta}-glucan$ content was 67.9 g per 100 g dry weight, which is approximately 1.1-2.2 times the amount of ${\beta}-glucan$ in control, the golden and white mushrooms that are available in the market.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1507-1514
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• 2017

Objective: The Bashang Long-tail chicken (BS), an indigenous Chinese breed, is considered cold tolerant. We selected BS, the Rhode Island Red (RIR), and their reciprocal crossbreds for the present study. The objectives were: i) to validate whether BS is cold tolerant and whether egg production and cold tolerance of crossbreds could be improved; and ii) to determine the physiological characteristics that underlie cold tolerance and favorable egg production performance in cold environments. Methods: A total of 916 chickens were reared in warm and natural cold environments (daily mean ambient temperature varied from $7.4^{\circ}C$ to $26.5^{\circ}C$ in the warm environment and from $-17.5^{\circ}C$ to $27.0^{\circ}C$ in the cold environment). To investigate their adaptability to the cold environment, the egg production performance and body weight were monitored and compared between breeds and environments. The cloacal temperature and serum biochemical parameters were monitored to reveal the physiological characteristics underlie cold tolerance and favorable egg production performance in the cold environment. Results: The warm environment experiment showed that RIR had the highest egg production performance, and that the reciprocal crossbreds had a higher egg production performance than BS. While in the cold environment RIR had the lowest egg production performance, and the reciprocal crossbreds had a higher egg production performance than BS. In the cold environment BS and reciprocal crossbreds had higher triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine levels than RIR. At 35 and 39 wk of age, when the ambient temperature was extremely low (varied from $-20^{\circ}C$ to $0^{\circ}C$), serum glucose, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol of BS and crossbreds were higher than RIR. Conclusion: Bashang Long-tail chicken has a favorable cold tolerance ability. Crossbreeding with RIR and BS is an effective way to develop cold tolerant chickens with improved egg production performance.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.655-658
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• 2011

A new cultivar 'Hongan' was originated from an artificial cross between 'Fuji' and 'Jonathan' carried out at National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science in 1993. The cultivar was preliminarily selected among the elite siblings for its high fruit quality in 2002. After regional adaptability test at five districts for subsequent four years as 'Wonkyo Ga-32', it was finally selected in 2006. 'Hongan' is characterized by the following. Optimum harvest time is late September. Shape of the mature fruit at 309 g on mean weight is globosity with a light red skin on a greenish yellow ground and yellowish white flesh. The fruit contains favorable total soluble solids at $13.7^{\circ}Brix$ and an acidity at 0.28%. Safe storage period for the fruit is 3 weeks at room temperature. It is resistant to Bitter rot. 'Hongan' also reveals a physiological cross compatibility with leading cultivars such as 'Gamhong' and 'Tsugaru' in addition to its maternal parent 'Fuji'. Tree topology is semi-spreading with vigorous growth habit.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.776-779
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• 2012

A new cultivar 'Yeohong' was originated from an artificial cross between 'Jonathan' and 'Fuji' carried out at National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science in 1993. The cultivar was preliminarily selected among the elite siblings for its high fruit quality in 2002. After regional adaptability test at five districts for subsequent four years as 'Wonkyo Ga-31', it was finally selected in 2007. 'Yeohong' is characterized by the following. Optimum harvest time is late September. Shape of mature fruit at 278 g on mean weight is oblate a light red skin on a greenish yellow ground and yellowish white flesh. The fruit contains favorable total soluble solids at $14.3^{\circ}Brix$ and titratable acidity at 0.4%, which results in a gustatory harmony between sugars and acids. Safe storage period for the fruit is 3 weeks at room temperature. It is not resistant to Bitter rot. 'Yeohong' also reveals a physiological cross compatibility with leading cultivars such as 'Hongro' and 'Tsugaru', but a physiological cross incompatibility with 'Fuji'. It has weak growth habit.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.696-701
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• 2011

To evaluate the processing adaptability of taro flours, the physicochemical properties of taro flour with different drying, roasting and steaming conditions were investigated. The moisture content and total dietary fiber were decreased as temperature increased with hot-air drying. Freeze-dried taro flours showed the highest vitamin C contents. Taro flours made by freeze-drying and hot-air drying showed significantly higher total dietary fiber content than those with roasting and steaming process. Steamed taro flours had the highest water absorption index, while hot-air dried and freeze dried taro flours had the highest water solubility index. No differences were displayed in the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermal characteristics among hot-air dried and freeze dried taro flours. Roasted taro displayed decreased onset temperature and peak temperature as roasting temperature increased. Using a rapid visco-analyzer, the peak viscosity, through viscosity, and final viscosity of dried and steamed taro flours were higher than roasted taro flours, whereas the set back value, which is a prediction of retrogradation, decreased with steaming processing. From those results, it could be concluded that hotair dried taro flours, which have high gelatinization viscosity, are beneficial in imparting viscosity to dough products and hot-air drying after steaming taro flours, which retard retrogradation, is good for porridge and flake base products.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.22-35
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• 1981

This study was designed to know difference in degree of dehardening and rehardening respectively by artificial high and low temperature treatments among different clonal seedlings and seedlings from different seed sources of Cryptomeria japonica which have been grown under the cold areas in Japan and Korea. High temperature treatment was done with 15 to $20^{\circ}C$ under 100% relative humidity for one to nine days and low temperature treatment was carried with $-7^{\circ}C$ for one to three days. Occasionaly, high temperature treatment was combined and followed by low temperature treatment. The ability of stem section to delay dehardening by high temperature treatment and/or to hasten rehardening by low temperature treatment was used as an indicator of adaptability under extreme temperature fluctuation in nature. Clones and seedlings from different seed sources which showed greater freezing resistance than others after artificial high and/or low temperature treatments were selected over two to three time periods: early winter, mid winter and early spring in 1977 to 1980. These were Seoul #7, and #9, Namboo #3, and #4, Sung-Kang #11, Chung-Sam #8 and Huek-Suk #9. These selected seedlings might have survival advantage to withstand early and late frost damage, especially the critical frost damage of the basal stem, since it was known to be induced by lowering freezing resistance of the basal part when exposed to the high temperature near the ground during the day. Large variation in freezing resistance and degree of dehardening and rehardening was found among clonal or seed sources and among individuals within a seed source, but was not related to the difference in climatic conditions where the parent trees was selected. These indicated the possibility of future breeding work for more cold resistant family of Cryptomeria japonica.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.113-117
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• 2006

To identity the effect of sowing dates on flowering and maturity of sesame, some agronomic traits including days to flowering and days to maturity were investigated under five different sowing dates. Plant height, days to flowering, days to maturity, days from flowering to maturity and number of capsules per plant were showed significantly different by years, sowing dates and varieties. Interaction between sowing dates and varieties affected to days to flowering, days to maturity, days from flowering to maturity and number of capsules per plant. Plant height, days to flowering and days to maturity decreased significantly as sowing dates were delayed, but number of capsules and seed weight per plant showed highest at the sowing date of May 10. At the regression analysis of shortness degree of growth period by the response of days to flowering and days to maturity under different sowing dates, sesame varieties with earlier flowering habit were much less affected by day length rather than ones with later flowering habit. $R^2$ and gradient value on the days to maturity regression graph were smaller indicating that maturity was much less sensitivity than flowering to the change of day length and temperature in the move of sowing dates. Therefore, it would be concluded that early maturity sesame varieties have higher potential adaptability to various sesame cropping systems in view of their less sensitivity to day length changes under different sowing dates.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2004

A long-term growth simulation was performed at 99 land units in Yeoncheon county to test the potential adaptability of each land unit for growing soybean cultivars. The land units for soybean cultivation(CZU), each represented by a geographically referenced land patch, were selected based on land use, soil characteristics, and minimum arable land area. Monthly climatic normals for daily maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, number of rain days and solar radiation were extracted for each CZU from digital climate models(DCM). The DCM grid cells falling within a same CZU were aggregated to make spatially explicit climatic normals relevant to the CZU. A daily weather dataset for 30 years was randomly generated from the monthly climatic normals of each CZU. Growth and development parameters of CROPGRO-soybean model suitable for 2 domestic soybean cultivars were derived from long-term field observations. Three foreign cultivars with well established parameters were also added to this study, representing maturity groups 3, 4, and 5. Each treatment was simulated with the randomly generated 30 years' daily weather data(from planting to physiological maturity) for 99 land units in Yeoncheon to simulate the growth and yield responses to the inter-annual climate variation. The same model was run with input data from the Crop Experiment Station in Suwon to obtain a 30 year normal performance of each cultivar, which was used as a "reference" for evaluation. Results were analyzed with respect to spatial and temporal variation in yield and maturity, and used to evaluate the suitability of each land unit for growing a specific cultivar. A computer program(MAPSOY) was written to help utilize the results in a decision-making procedure for agrotechnology transfer. transfer.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.33-33
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• 2023

Potatoes are the world's 4th major food crop after maize, rice, and wheat and also are a staple food for 1.3 billion people. Due to their wide adaptability to various environmental conditions, their yeild capacity, and high commercial value, potatoes have contributed to global food security. Many potato germplasms are commonly preserved as whole plants in fields or in storage to maintain their particular genetic combinations. However, field maintenance is expensive and has the risk of potential losses from diseases, pests, plant ageing and climate change. Over the past four decades, meaningful efforts have been made toward the safe long-term conservation of potatoes through cryopreservation methods such as droplet-vitrification. In this study, we tested 4 Korean potato varieties('Golden Egg', 'Golden Ball', 'Ja-Young' and 'Ha-Ryeong') with the modified potato droplet -vitrification protocol. Potato shoot tips are precultured in a sucrose-enriched medium(0.3 and 0.7M for 7 and 17hrs, respectively) and submitted to a loading step with C4 solution for osmoprotection. The treated explants were dehydrated with Plant Vitrification Solution(PVS)2 which is 80% A3 solution in ice for 30 minutes. Thawing and unloading steps were performed with 0.8M sucrose solution for 30 sec(40℃) followed by 30min(25℃, room temperature). In a potato post-culture medium(MS+0.1 mg·L^-1 GA₃+0.1 mg·L^-1 kinetin), we obtained a survival rates of post-thawed explants ranging 16.1-82.2%. The results suggest that modified and optimized protocols are required dependinig on every cultivar, genetic and ecological types. To achieve higher survival and regeneration rates, each step within the cryoprocedure must be carefully optimized.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.333-339
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• 2019

The Red swamp crawfish Procambarus clarkii is native to the southern United States and inhibits all over the world including the United States, Asia, Africa and Europe. In Europe, it is known to disrupt ecosystems such as competition with native crayfish. In this study, habitats of red swamp crawfish were identified in Jiseok stream (15.5 km section) and Daecho stream (6.1 km section) of Youngsan river. A total 33 red swamp crawfish were captured. A female captured in Jiseok stream carried 215 newly hatched red swamp crawfish in her the burrow. As a result of the analysis of the habitat environment, the water temperature was ranged of 2.4~32.8℃, conductivity was 53.4~502.3 μS cm^-1 and DO was 0.74~22.64 mg L^-1. As a result of measuring HOBO, the temperature ranged from -9~48.1℃, showing a change of 57.1℃ throughout the year. The variation of the water temperature throughout the year from 2.9~33.9℃ was found to be 31℃. Red swamp crawfish have a high adaptability and a wide range of environmental resistance, and report a sharp increase in newly invaded areas, negatively affecting indigenous organisms. In addition, it can be used as a medium for the spread of diseases and parasites, so prompt investigation and research should be carried out.