• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.285-292
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• 2017

There are technological, operational and environmental constraints at tactical edge, which are disconnected operation, intermittent connectivity, and limited bandwidth (DIL), size, weight and power (SWaP) limitations, ad-hoc and mobile network, and so on. To overcome these limitations and constraints, we use service-oriented architecture (SOA) based technologies. In our research, we propose a hierarchical mission service model that supports service-oriented mission planning and execution in order for a commander to operate various SW required for mission in battlefield environment. We will also implement development tools that utilize the workflow technology and semantic capability-based recommendation and apply them to combat mission scenarios to demonstrate effectiveness.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.5 no.8
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• pp.977-989
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the human body having more muscles than its degree-of-freedom modulates an effective stiffness using redundant actuation, and to apply this concept to the design and control of advanced machines which requires adaptable spring. To investigate the adaptable stiffness phenomenon due to redundant actuation in the human body, this paper derives a general stiffness model of the Human body. In particular, for a planar 1 DOF human arm model, a planar 2 DOF human arm model, a spherical 3 DOF shoulder model, a 4 DOF human arm model, and a 7 DOF human arm model, the required nonlinear geometry ad the number of required actuator for successful modulation of the effective stiffness are analyzed along with a load distribution method for modulation of the required stiffness of such systems. Secondly, the concept of motion frequency modulation is introduced to show the usefulness of adaptive stiffness modulation. The motion frequency modulation represents a control of stiffness and / or inertia properties of systems. To show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, simulations are performed for 2 DOF anthropomorphic robot.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.337-347
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• 2015

This paper presents a dynamic association and natural interaction method for multi-displays composed of smart devices. Users can intuitively associate relations among smart devices by shake gestures, flexibly modify the layout of the display by tilt gestures, and naturally interact with the multi-display by multi-touch interactions. First of all, users shake their smart devices to create and bind a group for a multi-display with a matrix configuration in an ad-hoc and collaborative situation. After the creation of the group, if needed, their display layout can be flexibly changed by tilt gestures that move the tilted device to the nearest vacant cell in the matrix configuration. During the tilt gestures, the system automatically modifies the relation, view, and configuration of the multi-display. Finally, users can interact with the multi-display through multi-touch interactions just as they interact with a single large display. Furthermore, depending on the context or role, synchronous or asynchronous mode is available to them for providing a split view or another UI. We will show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed approach by demonstrating implementation results and evaluating the method by the usability study.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2011

This paper describes efficient flight control algorithms for building a reconfigurable ad-hoc wireless sensor networks between nodes on the ground and airborne nodes mounted on autonomous vehicles to increase the operational range of an aerial robot or the communication connectivity. Two autonomous flight control algorithms based on adaptive gradient climbing approach are developed to steer the aerial vehicles to reach optimal locations for the maximum communication throughputs in the airborne sensor networks. The first autonomous vehicle control algorithm is presented for seeking the source of a scalar signal by directly using the extremum-seeking based forward surge control approach with no position information of the aerial vehicle. The second flight control algorithm is developed with the angular rate command by integrating an adaptive gradient climbing technique which uses an on-line gradient estimator to identify the derivative of a performance cost function. They incorporate the network performance into the feedback path to mitigate interference and noise. A communication propagation model is used to predict the link quality of the communication connectivity between distributed nodes. Simulation study is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed reconfigurable airborne wireless networking control algorithms.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.6C
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• pp.498-504
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• 2008

In this paper, an efficient hardware platform for the digital signal processing for OFDM Communication systems is presented. The hardware platform consists of a single FPGA, two DSPs with 8000 MIPS of maximum at 1 GHz clock, 2-channel ADC and DAC supporting maximum 125 MHz sampling rate, and flexible data bus architecture, so that a wide variety of baseband signal processing algorithms for practical OFDM communication systems may be implemented and tested. The IEEE 802.16 software modem is also presented in order to verify the effectiveness and usefulness of the designed platform.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.341-349
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• 2021

Many emerging mobile ad-hoc network application communications are group-oriented. Multicast supports group-oriented applications efficiently, particularly in a mobile environment that has a limited bandwidth and limited power. Energy effectiveness along with safety are 2 key problem in MANET design. Within this paper, MANET is presented with a stable, energy-efficient clustering technique. In this proposed work advanced clustering in the networks with ticket ID cluster manager (TID-CMGR) has formed in MANET. The proposed routing scheme makes secure networking the shortest route possible. In this article, we propose a Cluster manager approach based on TICKET-ID to address energy consumption issues and reduce CH workload. TID-CMGR includes two mechanism including ticket ID controller, ticketing pool, route planning and other components. The CA (cluster agent) shall control and supervise the functions of nodes and inform to TID-CMGR. The CH conducts and transfers packets to the network nodes. As the CH energy level is depleted, CA elects the corresponding node with elevated energy values, and all new and old operations are simultaneously stored by CA at this time. A simulation trial for 20 to 100 nodes was performed to show the proposed scheme performance. The suggested approach is used to do experimental work using the NS- simulator. TIDCMGR is compared with TID BRM and PSO to calculate the utility of the work proposed. The assessment shows that the proposed TICKET-ID scheme achieves 90 percent more than other current systems.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.59-85
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• 2020

Combining prior theories on innovation newness with information processing style (imagery vs. analytical), this study presents a theoretical framework; develops hypotheses; and makes predictions on how analytical versus imagery ads influence consumers differently depending on the newness level of products. The study shows that consumers are more likely to evaluate RNPs (radically-innovative new products) positively when they are advertised with imagery cues. Compared with analytical advertisements, imagery advertisements increased advertising effectiveness, product evaluation, and purchase intention of RNPs. These effects were demonstrated by using stimuli from two product categories consisting of washing machines and cars. In particular, in advertisement for RNPs, verbal description that induced imagery processing, such as "picture yourself using this product," was more effective in generating favorable responses, compared to verbal description that induced analytical processing, such as explanation of product attributes. This difference was present for RNPs, but not for INPs (incrementally-innovative new products). INPs are continuous innovations that are easier to understand, thus imagery ads do not provide additional advantage for consumers in understanding the innovation, compared to analytical ads. In RNPs, imagery ads can highlight new benefits that may have been neglected or undervalued by consumers, leading to greater message persuasiveness. Implications for marketing of RNPs are discussed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.233-262
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• 2024

Due to the rapid evolution of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), effective communication and security are now essential components in providing secure and reliable vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. However, due to their dynamic nature and potential threats, VANETs need to have strong security mechanisms. This paper presents a novel approach to improve VANET security by combining the Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Network (VDTN) protocol with the Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) technique known as the Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) algorithm. A store-carry-forward method is used by the VDTN protocol to resolve the problems caused by inconsistent connectivity and disturbances in VANETs. The TD3 algorithm is employed for capturing and detecting Worm Hole Attack (WHA) behaviors in VANETs, thereby enhancing security measures. By combining these components, it is possible to create trustworthy and effective communication channels as well as successfully detect and stop rushing attacks inside the VANET. Extensive evaluations and simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, enhancing both security and communication efficiency.

• Journal of Communication Design
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• v.57
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• pp.44-53
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• 2016

Expected consumer's consumption propensity affected by advertisement using media facade and how this advertisement can affect consumer response and advertising effectiveness will be examined practically. This research showed TV advertisement and media facade advertisement to each participants of research in order to evaluate consumer response and effectiveness of media facade advertisement and took a survey. Research result, positive response was observed that consumer who were exposed of media facade advertisement showed more positive cognition/emotional response than TV advertisement. And effectiveness of media facade is more than standard. However, product attitude was not statistically positive. Therefore, it can be said that media facade advertisement does not affect positively on product attitude, but it is effective on purchase intention. Next, consumer who is exposed of media facade advertisement showed little low correlation on cognition response and product attitude, but showed positive correlation on cognition response, purchase intention, emotional response and product attitude. Accordingly, more positive consumer's cognition and emotional response is, the higher advertisement effect can be observed. Last, positive result were not presented in consumer's consumption propensity in regards to rational/emotional response. This means that it is invalid to state that consumer response differs for consumer propensity. Through result of experiment, a statement that media facade is a new media that has various possibility as advertisement mediator had been proved. Especially, as it shows that positive effect exists regardless of consumer's consumption propensity, use of media facade as marketing means is reasonable for firm in order to increase satisfaction of consumer and brand value.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.116-134
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• 2005

Although the parallel prescription of Sopoongsangagambang (SG) administration along with external treatment such as spraying or ointment application on the skin is clinically used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), molecular mechanism underlying its effectiveness is unknown. Thus in the present study, diverse immune responses in terms of chemical mediators related to AD were investigated using an atopic mouse model NC/Nga after SG administration and external treatment (ET), and major findings are summarized as follows. 1. The clinical severities in 16 and 20 week old NC/Nga mice with SG and ET treatment were decreased to 72.2% and 62.3% respectively compared to the control NC/Nga mice with no drug treatment. 2. IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, IgM, IgG1 and IgG2a levels in the serum of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mouse group were significantly decreased compared to the untreated control mice. In contrast, $IFN-{\gamma}$ showed a significant increase in the experimental group compared to the untreated control group. 3. The spleen weight of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice was significantly decreased compared to the untreated control group. 4. The B/T ratio in the lymph node of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice was increased compared to the untreated control group. $CD4^+\;and\;CD8^+$ cell numbers in the lymph node of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice were significantly increased compared to the untreated control group, but $CD69^+\;and\;CD11a^+$ cells were significantly decreased. 5. mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, and CCR3 in the skin tissues of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice were significantly decreased, and expression levels of IL-6, IL-13, $CD69^+/CD3{\varepsilon}^+\;and\;CD19^+/CD44^+$ in the skin tissues of SG and ET treated NC/Mga mice were significantly decreased compared to the untreated control group. $IFN-{\gamma}$ mRNA expression levels were increased compared to the untreated control group. 6. Histological observation of the ear and neck skin tissues showed that the extents of inflammation and infiltrated immune cells in the epidermis and dermis of SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice were highly reduced compared to the untreated control group. 7. Lymphokine assay showed a significant decrease in IL-4 levels in SG and ET treated NC/Nga mice compared to the untreated control group, but the levels of $IFN-{\gamma}$ secretion were significantly increased drug treated NC/Nga mice.