• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.235-244
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• 2012

This study examined the learning tendency & social characteristics and the science camp participation attitude of the global science talented and the science gifted c. The survey was carried out on children who are taking part in Global Bridge project group and in Science Education Institute for the gifted S National University of education. The results of this study were as follows. First, the science gifted children was more superior to the global science talented, when it comes to task commitment and fluency, creativity, enthusiasm for learning on the learning tendency. Second, the science gifted children have much more sociality than the global science talented in the sense of social characteristics. The global science talented showed lack of interpersonal relationship & confidence for human relationship. Third, both parties were positive in terms of attitude which participating science camp. It was proved that science camp made a positive affect on both groups in several senses such as improving awareness & attitude of science activity and enhancing sociality. As a result, unlike ordinary program for the science gifted children, one for the global science talented in global bridge project is highly demanded that it should be considered the characteristics of the multi-cultural students. Moreover, it might be considered that educational circumstance would be needed, under which it is able to stimulates students' scientific curiosity throughout launching science hands-on program, such as systemized science camp etc.

• School Mathematics
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.583-605
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• 2009

This research aims to examine the characteristics and main subjects of the mathematics class-criticism by elementary' teachers. In this aim, we analyzed the mathematics class-criticism by the 11 elementary teachers. As the results of this research, the elementary teachers criticized the mathematics class while understanding and describing the class as it is. And mathematics class-criticism by elementary teachers showed contextual and situational characteristics. Furthermore, the main subjects of mathematics class-criticism by elementary teachers were identified as mathematical communication, teacher's question to foster the students' mathematical thinking, appropriateness of task, motivation for students, concrete operational activity, appropriateness on teacher's mathematical behavior and teacher's use of mathematical term, experience of inductive reasoning. While, we identified the significance of mathematics class-criticism for elementary teachers. The elementary teachers pointed out the necessity and importance of the mathematics class-criticism on the mathematics class in usual context.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.27-37
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• 2007

Companies have to take agility against change of environment and build up the capacity of new value creation in today's management environment. Until now, there are so many management method for efficiency of management, rationality of management and IT (information technology) supported this method by integration of enterprise task and process automation. but company's competitiveness through the efficiency of management realized the limitations recently. so companies needs the new management method to raise core value of enterprise. This study applies strategy intelligence which is some part of Business Intelligence. We can identify the core value driver by using this method. and the core value driver is connected the KPI (key performance indicator) of processes in BPM (Business Process Management). This help the management of process focused on value driver. and some part of activity driver that effect the process performance can be use the Six Sigma method to strategic business process. This study first introduces the concept of Business Intelligence, Business Process Management and Six Sigma. and then efficient connection plan for value based strategic business process is introduces.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.432-439
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• 2020

This study aims at exploring features of Korean university students' written text, focusing on the written voice, rhetorical patterns, and writing practices through English letters. The data comprised examples of students' English job applications, and a 'purpose-will' model was adopted for the data analysis. The findings showed that the students used unique ways of strategies to convey their voice in a recontextualized setting. Their written voice in the job applications were various, and nobody applied the Korean convention of weather opening. Their rhetorical patterns were a transformation from convergence to divergence, showing integrated patterns of written voice. Students' writing practices revealed their internal values of writing for a task, and they do not directly learn from the teacher's syllabus. This supports the sociocultural framework that learning is a situated activity in a specific discourse community. The study concludes that writing teachers should understand that life-world and learning experience can impact on students' written voice and practices.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to provide a database for the reduction of road-kills in the Odaesan National Park. To accomplish this task, investigations were conducted on the road-kills that occurred in the period from 2003 to 2007. The results of investigations are as follows: 427 road-kill cases were reported during the period, and the road-kill victims turned out to be mostly small mammals. Among mammals and reptiles the road-kill occurrence rate of squirrels and garters was higher than that of other species, and in the case of birds, the road-kill occurrence rate of yellow-throated bunting was the highest. The road-kill accidents of mammals and reptiles took place more frequently during the summer and autumn, while those of birds during the spring and summer. The increase of road-kill occurrence rate was found to be related to the activity and breeding period of wild animals, as well as to the increase of vehicles. The occurrence rate of road-kills was also found to be influenced by the type of land use on the roadside. Furthermore, the occurrence rate increased significantly when the roads passed through dry fields.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2016

Recent developments regarding transportation technology have positioned travel as a major leisure activity; however, trip-itinerary planning remains a challenging task for tourists due to the need to select Points of Interest (POI) for visits to unfamiliar cities. Meanwhile, due to the GPS functions on mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet PCs, it is now possible to collect a user's position in real time. Based on these circumstances, our research on an automatic itinerary-planning system to simplify the trip-planning process was conducted briskly. The existing studies that include research on itinerary schedules focus on an identification of the shortest path in consideration of cost and time constraints, or a recommendation of the most-popular travel route in the destination area; therefore, we propose a personalized itinerary-recommendation system for which the stay-time preference of the individual user is considered as part of the personalized service.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a farming shovel to reduce workload, which helps farmers lower the risk of musculoskeletal disease. Background: Most of work using farming tools including shovels requires repetitive works and awkward postures on body parts, and it could possibly cause work-related musculoskeletal disorders. It is necessary to develop and distribute farm equipment and tools in order to reduce physical workload. Method: To improve the most uncomfortable task perceived by ten farmers during the work with a shovel, the improved shovel was designed and made as a prototype for experiment for the comparison of the existing and improved shovels. Twenty males were recruited for this experiment, and muscle activity (%MVC) of six body parts and subjective discomfort ratings by body parts while working with a shovel were measured. A paired t-test was performed to compare physical workload between the existing shovel and the developed one. Results: A shovel applying foothold tied between shaft and blade was designed, which can help workers reduce repetitive bending of back and pressures for upper limbs while digging soil. According to compared evaluation of the developed shovel and the existing shovel, the developed shovel's %MVCs in all experimental muscles were significantly lower than those of the existing shovel. The developed shovel showed the biggest drop in perceived subjective discomfort rating of back, followed by arm and neck, compared to the existing shovel. Conclusion: It was confirmed that attaching a foothold to a shovel was an effective way of reducing workload in back and upper limbs during digging. Application: In the near future, if we put the prototype of developed shovel to practical use after making up for defects, it will help farm work environment be healthier and safer.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.34-47
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• 1999

This study evaluated the Comparison of the Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle exercise and Biofeedback treatment for Genuine Stress Incontinence I assigned 60 participants to 2 groups : 30 to the pelvic floor muscle exercise group and 30 to the biofeedback group. Treatment protocol lasted for 6 weeks. Peak pressure, and duration time of pelvic muscle contraction were evaluated by a perineometer. Lower urinary symptoms, sexual matter and life style scores were achieved by using Jackson's scale. The treatment efficacy of the pelvic floor muscle exercise is compared with the biofeedback group and the main results of the comparison are as follows : 1. Pelvic muscle contraction 1) The peak pressure in the biofeedback group was significantly increased(P＝0.000). 2. The frequency and quantity of incontinence 1) The frequency of incontinence in the biofeedback group was significantly decreased(P＝0.000). 2) The quantity of incontinence in the biofeedback group was significantly decreased(P＝0.000). 3. The lower urinary symptoms Daily frequency(P＝0.000), nocturia(P＝0.000), urgency(P＝0.000), bladder pain(P＝0.000), unexplained incontinence(P＝0.048), wearing protection(P＝0.022), changing outer clothing(P＝0.005), hesitancy(P＝0.008), intermittent stream(P＝0.000), abnormal strength of stream(P＝0.004), retention(P＝0.000), incomplete emptying(P＝0.000), and inability to stop mid stream(P＝0.006) of the lower urinary symptoms in the biofeedbatk group were significantly decreased. 4. The sexual matters The dry vagina (P＝0.004) and pain during sexual Intercourse (P＝0.002) in the biofeedback group was significantly decreased. 5. The life style The fluid intake restriction(P＝0.007), affected daily task(P＝0.003), avoidance of places & situation(P＝0.003), interference in Physical activity (P＝0.002), interference in relationship with other people(P＝0.01), and feeling about the rest of life with urinary symptom(P＝0.000) in the biofeedback group were significantly decreased. In conclusion, the biofeedback treatment was more effective than the pelvic floor muscle exercise in genuine stress incontinence.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.251-263
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• 2012

Purpose: It was necessary for developing a neonatal classification system based on nursing needs and direct care time. This study was, thus, aimed at identifying nursing activities and measuring the standard nursing practice time for developing a neonatal patient classification system in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Methods: The study was taken place in 8 general hospitals located in Seoul and Kyungi province, South Korea from Dec, 2009 to Jan, 2010. By using 'the modified Workload Management System for critical care Nurses' (WMSN), nursing categories, activities, standard time, and task frequencies were measured with direct observation. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Results: Neonatal nursing activities were categorized into 8 areas: vital signs (manual), monitoring, activity of daily living (ADL), feeding, medication, treatment and procedure, respiratory therapy, and education-emotional support. The most frequent and time-consuming area was an ADL, unlike that of adult patients. Conclusion: The findings of the study provide a foundation for developing a neonatal patient classification system in NICU. Further research is warranted to verify the reliability and validity of the instrument.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.197-218
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• 2014

Quite a demanding task frequently arises in space engineering, when dealing with the cargo accommodation of modules and vehicles. The objective of this effort usually aims at maximizing the loaded cargo, or, at least, at meeting the logistic requirements posed by the space agencies. Complex accommodation rules are supposed to be taken into account, in compliance with strict balancing conditions and very tight operational restrictions. The context of the International Space Station (ISS) has paved the way for a relevant research and development activity, providing the company with a remarkable expertise in the field. CAST (Cargo Accommodation Support Tool) is a dedicated in-house software package (funded by the European Space Agency, ESA, and achieved by Thales Alenia Space), to carry out the whole loading of the Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV). An ad hoc version, tailored to the Columbus (ISS attached laboratory) on-board stowage issue, has been further implemented and is to be used from now on. This article surveys the overall approach followed, highlighting the advantages of the methodology put forward, both in terms of solution quality and time saving, through an overview of the outcomes obtained to date. Insights on possible extensions to further space applications, especially in the perspective of the paramount challenges of the near future, are, in addition, presented.