• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.261-267
• /
• 2003

The periodontal diseases are infections caused by bacteria in oral biofilm, a gelatinous mat commonly called dental plaque, which is a complex microbial community that forms and adhere to tooth surfaces. Host immune-pathogen interaction in periodontal disease appears to be a complex process, which is regulated not only by the acquired immunity to deal with ever-growing and -invading microorganisms in periodontal pockets, but also by genetic and/or environmental factors. However, our understanding of the pathogenesis in human periodontal diseases is limited by the lack of specific and sensitive tools or models to study the complex microbial challenges and their interactions with the host's immune system. Recent advances in cellular and molecular biology research have demonstrated the importance of the acquired immune system in fighting the virulent periodontal pathogens and in protecting the host from developing further devastating conditions in periodontal infections. The use of genetic knockout and immunodeficient mouse strains has shown that the acquired immune response, in particular, $CD4^+$ T-cells plays a pivotal role in controlling the ongoing infection, the immune/inflammatory responses, and the subsequent host's tissue destruction.

• Korean Business Review
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.27-44
• /
• 2009

This paper compares the accounting standards for stock option of Japan and Korea. Especially, tire setting process of accounting standards for stock option, accounting methods and disclosures for stock option in two countries are analyzed. The results provide that two countries shaw different characteristics in accounting standards for stock option. First, in Japan, acquired services are reported as compensation costs and capital adjustments. On the other hand, in Korea, in case of cash-settled share- based payment transactions, acquired services are reported as compensation costs and capital adjustments, but in case of equity-settled share- based payment transactions, acquired services are reported as compensation costs and debt. Second, when tire stock option rights are abandoned, they are reported as extraordinary items in Japan and are reported as other surplus in Korea. Third, though both countries do not choose specific stock option pricing model, Japan prefers Black-Sholes Model and Korea regards binomial model as proper model.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.255-258
• /
• 2008

The DEM (Digital Elevation Model) can be obtained from stereo image pair acquired by LEO satellite. Stereo images may consist of at least two images with different viewing angles to the imaging target for one pass or multiple passes. While each image is generally acquired from each pass in cross-track direction for multiple passes, stereo image pair in along-track direction can be acquired during one pass with attitude control capability for the pitch axis of the satellite. Single pass stereo imaging provides stereo pair image more efficiently on the fact that stereo pair image is generated with less orbit resources and less imaging time consumption. In this paper, the feasibility study result on the stereo pair image collection planning algorithm during single pass is addressed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.50-58
• /
• 1989

The emergence and expansion of cardiac surgery over the past decade has resulted in an increasing number of patients undergoing cardiac operations but many kinds of heart surgery was realized only palliative, resulting in increasing numbers of secondary cardiac procedures. From 1978 to 1988, 10 cases of various congenital heart diseases and 17 cases of acquired heart diseases were reoperated at Hanyang University Hospital. The leading indication of second operation was residual shunt or valvular malfunction due to technical failure in congenital heart disease and primary valve failure, endocarditis, paravalvular leakage were for acquired heart disease. The mortality of reoperation was 0% for congenital heart disease and 11.7%[2 death among the 17 patients] for acquired heart disease. The leading causes of death were myocardial failure, sepsis with endocarditis, acute renal failure and congestive heart failure.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1996.07c
• /
• pp.1925-1928
• /
• 1996

In this work, the behavior of conducting wire type particles existing inside the cylinder type coaxial electrode has been systematically investigated by charge simulation method and electrostatic force analysis from the view point of the acquired charging before being lifted off into the gap under the high ac voltage. Spheroidal charge are adopted as a image charge for the CSM analysis in order to calculate the acquired charges of the particles which are erected on the surface of the outer electrode. For this purpose, different material of the particle and their lengths and diameters have been considered in view to calculate their lift-off field, acquired charge and to understand their effect on the lift-off voltage. The results imply that the particle lengths and diameter have an different influence on the particle behavior in GIS system.

• Neonatal Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2011

The etiology of thrombosis is multifactorial and involves the interaction of inherited and acquired risk factors. Many neonatal thromboembolic disorders are iatrogenic and their incidence is likely to increase as advancements are made in neonatal care. Among pediatric populations, neonates have the highest risk for thrombosis secondary to the unique developmental hemostatic system, inherited prothrombotic disorders, and perinatal clinical conditions. Central venous and arterial catheters present the greatest risk for developing thromboembolisms in neonates. Both venous and arterial thromboses have been reported in a variety of anatomic locations. Prompt identification and appropriate management of thromboembolisms is critical for avoiding life-threatening complications. To date, few data are currently available regarding the contribution of inherited and acquired prothrombotic disorders in the pathogenesis of neonatal thromboembolism. In particular, a lack of information about neonatal thromboembolism in Korea has inhibited the development of appropriate guidelines for diagnosing thromboembolisms in neonates. An overview of the current knowledge about the role of inherited and acquired risk factors for neonatal thromboembolism in the West and a detailed description of common neonatal thromboembolic diseases is reviewed.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2000

Acquired Hallux varus is defined radiographically by a negative metatarsophalangeal angle and clinically by adduction of the hallux on the first metatarsal and most commonly occurs after hallux valgus surgery. It's the prevalence has ranged from 2% to 17%. We report a case of hallux varus resulted from weakening of support of lateral soft tissue and resection of an excessive amount of the metatarsal head during a bunionectomy after initial correction of hallux valgus. We corrected the hallux varus deformity using transfer of extensor hallucis brevis tendon with reconstruction os lateral capsule.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.25 no.8
• /
• pp.800-805
• /
• 1992

Acquired, nonmalignant tracheoesophageal fistula is an uncommom and difficult problem to manage. The most commom cause is a complication of endotracheal or tracheostomy tubes. Most are diagnosed while patients still require mechanical ventilation. The principle of treatment is two stage operation. First, new tracheostomy tube is placed so that the baloon is below the fistula, and gastrostomy and feeding jejunostomy are made for the drainage and feeding. Finally after weaning from the mechanical ventilation, tracheal resection and reconstruction are made, and the esophageal defect is closed in two layers and a viable strap muscle interposed into the two suture site to prevent recurrence. Recently, we experienced a case of acquired nonmalignant tracheoesophageal fistula which was developed during mechanical ventilation. She was successfully treated with the above two stage operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.663-671
• /
• 1986

100 cases of open heart surgery were done in the Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Won Kwang University Hospital from July, 1984 to October, 1986. l. Among the 100 cases, there were 51 cases [51%] of acyanotic congenital heart anomalies, 10 cases [10%] of cyanotic congenital heart anomalies and 39 cases [39%] of acquired heart disease. 2. The age distribution of 100 cases was 18 months to 56 years old and mean age was 10.8 years old in congenital heart anomalies and 34.7 years old of acquired heart disease. 3. The overall mortality was 8%. and the mortality in each entity is 5.9% in congenital acyanotic cases, 10% in congenital cyanotic cases and 10.3% in acquired valvular heart disease. 4. For myocardial protection, high concentration potassium of cold blood cardioplegic solution [30mEq/L] had been used, associated with topical cooling of ice-slush.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.39-50
• /
• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to inquire clinical meaning and characteristic of Eight extra meridians(奇經八脈) by researching building and progression of Eight extra meridians theory. Results : As a result of research of building and progression of Eight extra meridians(奇經八脈) theory, we can regard that the origin of Eight extra meridians was based on lower Danjeon(丹田) which was the root of Primordial energy and the origin of the Twelve meridians and collaterals(十二經脈) was based on Middle energizer which was the root of Acquired energy. On this, we could know that Eight extra meridians and the Twelve meridians and collaterals are based on Primordial energy and Acquired energy and function of Eight extra meridians and the Twelve meridians and collaterals are complement each other. So, we can say that considering the Twelve meridians and collaterals means that is valued on Acquired energy clinically, and considering Eight extra meridians means that is valued on Primordial energy in health preserving method (養生).