• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 1975

Sulfur-dyes were manufactured from humic acid, $Na_2S_{2~3}$ and other additives at $200{\sim}250^{\circ}C$ for 3∼20 hrs. Sulfur-dyes from humic acid were fundamentally brown colors and could be changed from yellowish to grayish brown according to the additives. The colorfastness to rubbing and laundering were excellent but to weather was fair. Characteristic bonds of sulfur-dyes such as -C-S-C, -C-SO-C-. -C-$SO_2$-C-, and -C-O-$SO_2$-O-C- were confirmed but thiazole bond and thiazine ring were not done by IR-spectroscopy.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.17 no.3 s.82
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

Cationic dyeable polyester(CDP) was produced through melt blending of cationic chips having $2mol\%$ of sodium salt of dimethyl ester of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid(DMS salt) and normal polyester chips in different proportions to obtain yarns having varying amount of comonomer in the fiber. The modified polyesters showed increased moisture regain, decreased viscosity, lower softening point and improved antistatic characteristics, according to the amount of modifier. In dyeing at $100^{\circ}C$ the dyeing rate of cationic dyes with CDP fiber increased slowly than that of disperse dyes. In dyeing at $120^{\circ}C$ cationic dyes reached to equilibrium at 30min and disperse dyes at 10min. Cationic dyes in dyeing of CDP fabric have a better wash fastness compared with disperse dyes, also rubbing fastness of cationic dyes is better than that of disperse dyes. The light fastness of CDP fabric for cationic and disperse dyes is not good. The fastness of 75d/36f CDP fabric is higher than 75d/72f fabric. Solvent wicking fastness of CDP with cationic dyes is better than that of disperse dyes.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.500-508
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• 1999

Several white-rot fungi collected from the mountains of Korea were evaluated for their ability to decolorize azo, polymeric, and reactive dyes. Strains CJ-105, CJ-212 and CJ-315, identified as Trametes sp., Pleurotus sp. and Fomes sp., respectively, showed higher potential for decolorization of those dyes in either solid or liquid media. For Trametes sp. CJ-105, 100ppm of Remazol Brilliant blue R and 500ppm of Acid Red 264 were completely decolorized after 2 days under liquid culture. The dominating ligninolytic enzyme existing in the culture broth was laccase (E.C. 1.10.3.2). Also, Pleurotus sp. CJ-212 and Fomes sp. CJ-315 showed similar patterns in decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R and Acid Red 264. The extent of decolorization of the dyes in liquid culture was found to be proportional to the activities of the ligninolytic of decolorization of the dyes in liquid culture was found to be proportional to the activities of the ligninolytic enzymes produced by each strain. In addition to that Trametes sp. CJ-105 was highly effective in degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pentachlorophenol by the activity of the ligninolytic enzymes produced. In this study, we found that white-rot fungi, Trametes sp. CJ-105(KFCC 10941), Pleurotus sp. CJ-212(KFCC 10943) and Fomes sp. CJ-315(KFCC 10942), were effective in decolorizing a wide range of structurally different synthetic dyes, as well as some chemical compounds which are known to be hardly degradable.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.27-32
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• 1997

Two poly(4-vinylpyridines) having different degree of crosslinking were prepared by radical copolymerization of 4-vinylpyridine with N, N'-tetramethylenebis-acrylamide as a crosslinker. The abilities of these crosslinked polymers to bind acid dyes (methyl orange, ethyl orange, and propyl orange) were investigated at various temperatures in ethylene glycol as the binding medium. From the equilibrium amounts, the first binding constants and thermodynamic parameters for the bindings were evaluated. The first binding constants and thermodynamic parameters were not varied with these dyes. This result indicates that there is no hydrophobic interaction between the crosslinked polymers and the dyes in ethylene glycol. However, the first binding constants showed bell-shaped curves againtst the binding temperatures. This result could be explained in terms of the crosslinked hole size with temperature variation.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 1998

Some photopolymer, poly(vinyl cinnamoyl acetate)(PVCiA) was synthesized by esterification of polymer(vinyl alcohol(PVA) with monochloroacetic acid, followed by reaction poly(vinyl monochloroacetate)(PVChA) and potassium cinnamate. When esterification of PVA with monochloroacetic acid was reacted in the dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO), in the synthesis of PVChA, it is very good yield and the successive cinnamoyl acetoxyl esterification of PVCiA can be successfully synthesized. But PVCiA is low photosensitive polymer if not added photosensitizing dyes. Here, we synthesized photosensitizing dyes. trifluoromethylindol squarylium dye derivatives(TFSQ). Indolization of 3-trifluoromethylphenyl-hydrazine formed 4- and 6-substituted indoles, the rate of 4- and 6-substituted indoles is close to unity. Absorption's coefficient of 1,3-bis(4-trifluoromethyl-1,3,3-trimethylindol) squarylium dye(TFSQ) is 7.57$\times$10\ulcorner, PVCiA added with TFSQ(3%) was highly sensitized six times than not added.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.29-30
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• 2010

Cotton fabric is usually dyed with anionic dyes such as direct and reactive dyes. Naturally, there is no affinity for basic dyes to cotton fiber. In this study, to improve the dyeability of cotton fiber with cationic dyes, the fabric was pretreated with air plasma and grafted with acrylic acid to create acidic groups on the surface of cotton fibers. The grafted samples were dyed with natural cationic dye extracted from roots of berberis vulgaris. The effect of plasma treatment and grafting of acrylic acid on the color strength of cotton fabric was studied.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1300-1306
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• 2003

Cotton fibers were treated, with 1, 2, 3, 4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) which is formaldehyde-free reagent to impart durable press performance. The dyeability, dyeing rate, and diffusion coefficient, of BTCA treated cottons were compared to prove the changes of pore size structure using direct dyes and disperse dyes. Diffusion coefficients of BTCA treated cotton fibers were determined at acidic conditions to figure out the effect of swelling. Since the dyeability of BTCA treated cotton fibers dyed with direct dyes were reduced, it is considered that the dyeability to direct dyes is related to the quantity of residual large pores. But, the dyeability to disperse dyes were increased due to the less reduction of small pore sizes and the increase of hydrophobicity in BTCA treated cotton cellulose. The dyeability to direct dye and disperse dye were decreased more at acidic conditions than at neutral conditions. It seemed that the swelling of pores in the fiber were inhibited.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.6-11
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• 2007

The indigoid-type dyes based on isatin $\alpha-chloride$ were synthesized and the dyes were discussed with relevance to the "H-chromophore" or "cross-conjugated chromophore". The color-changed properties of the dyes were also investigated by means of visible absorption spectra. The novel dyes from isatin $\alpha-chloride$ are of theoretical interest and such dyes can be used as continuous pH indicators in acid/base titrimetric analyses.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

Tencel fabric cationized with chitosan can be effectively dyed with anionic dyes. To investigate the change of dyeing properties of cationized Tencel fabric, some experiments were performed under the several dyeing conditions with acid and reactive dyes. Whiteness index decreased with the increment of crosslinking agent concentration. The cationized Tencel fabric was dyed well by anionic dye such as acid dye, the dyeability of reactive dye was improved by addition of a little salt without alkali. The dye fixation on the cationized Tencel fabric was increased with chitosan concentration without electrolyte and alkali. The dyeability of Tencel treated with chitosan was better than controlled Tencel, especially under the acidic conditions. According to the number and the types of functional group of reactive dyes, dye affinity of the modified Tencel fabric varied and wash fastness of acid dye was better than reactive dye.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.4 s.91
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• pp.381-385
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• 2006

For decolorization of synthetic dyes, One fungus(HUE05-1) which was isolated from textile wastewater collected from industrial complex in Korea showed excellent ability of removing synthetic dyes. This fungus was identified as Basidiomycetes species by Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) sequence. Isolated fungi. HUE05-1 completely decolorized all dyes in both solid and liquid condition. The decolorization results were Reactive Orange-16, 97.12%; Reactive Blue-19, 92.09%; Reactive Blue-49, 97.04%; Reactive Yellow-145, 95.53%; Acid Orange-10, 99.18%; Acid Violet-43, 98.73%; Acid Blue-350, 94.71% and Disperse Blue-106, 90.07%.