• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.85-90
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• 2014

For the safe handling of acetic anhydride, this study was investigated the explosion limits of acetic anhydride in the reference data. And the lower flash points, upper flash points, and AITs(auto-ignition temperatures) by ignition delay time were experimented. The lower and upper explosion limits of acetic anhydride by the investigation of the literatures recommended 2.9 Vol% and 10.3 Vol.%, respectively. The lower flash point of acetic anhydride by using Setaflash closed-cup tester was experimented $49^{\circ}C$. The lower flash point acetic anhydride by using Tag and Cleveland open cup tester were experimented $55^{\circ}C$and $62^{\circ}C$, respectively. Also, this study measured relationship between the AITs and the ignition delay times by using ASTM E659 tester for acetic anhydride. The experimental AIT of acetic anhydride was $350^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.220-224
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• 1991

Six reagents (water, citric acid, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, acetic anhydride and maleic anhydride) were evaluated for their effectiveness is degumming rice bran oil. All chemical reagents tested were found to be significantly more effective than water in removing phosphatides from crude rice bran oil. Especially acetic anhydride and phosphoric acid were effective in reducing phosphorous levels (92.5% and 93.3% removeal, respectively). Nonhydratable phospholipids, lysophosphatidyl choline, were removed more effectively by the chemical reagents than by the water degumming. The major phospholipid(PL) components were phophatidyl choline. Oleic, linolieic and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids of PL in rice bran acetone insolubles(AI). The AI recovered by acetic anhydride degumming produced the most stable emulsions. However, the AI obtained from phophoric acid or oxalic acid treatments had very poor emulsifying properties.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.367-374
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• 1975

Glycine residue in N-X-glycylphenylalanine methyl ester(X = trifluoroacetyl or acetyl) was converted into aspartic acid derivative by a photoalkylation reaction. The reaction was induced with 350 nm lamp using a combination of diacetyl/di-t-butyl peroxide (DBP) as the photoinitiator, and acetic anhydride as the alkylating agent. In the thermal reaction with DBP and acetic anhydride, the same alkylation reaction of the dipeptide was observed. From this thermal alkylation reaction the photoalkylation reaction is also thought to undergo via free radical mechanism.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.457-459
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• 1987

Racemic N-benzylaspartic acid (4) was prepared from maleic anhydride and used to modify and develop some efficient methods for the preparation of N-benzylaspartic anhydride hydrobromide (5). Thus, successive treatment of the compound 4 with 30% HBr in acetic acid and acetic anhydride afforded the title compound 5 in 75% yield. From this compound 5, ${\alpha}$-benzyl and ${\alpha}$-methyl N-benzylaspartates were also prepared.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.94-102
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• 1995

S-Hydroxypropyl(PH) ${\beta}$-cyclodextrin(hydrophilic), dialkyl(DA)-cyclodextrin(hydrophobic), trifluoroacetyl(TA) ${\gamma}$-cyclodextrin(intermediate) stationary phases were used for gas chromatographic separation of racemic alcohols and their derivatives. All the alcohols used for this experiment were derivatived by using trifluoro acetic anhydride, acetic anhydride, or trichloro acetic anhydride. It is apparent that the enantioselectivity of the enantiomeric pairs was very dependent on the type of acylation reagent. The best experimental condition of optical resolution of the alcohols and their derivatives was different on the polarity of the solute molecules. The chiral separation was also studied depending on temperature, polarity of the column, and hydrogen bonding ability and steric effect between the alchols and CD stationary phase. The chiral recognition mechanism is dependent not upon the kinds of the chiral stationay phases but upon the derivatization of the racemic alchols.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.92-103
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• 1999

The 8 coumarin derivatives have been synthesized from 8 starting materials(2-hydroxy-benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzophenone, 5-chloro-2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-ethoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone) with phenylacetic acid and $Ac_2$O/TEA in acetone at reflux temperature. The ratio of o-hydroxybenzophenone, phenylacetic acid, $Ac_2$O and TEA is 1 : 1: 8: 8 in acetone. Our results showed higher products yields of coumarin derivatives than Shama and Ray's method in previous papers. A new intermediate form was proposed to our mechanism of coumarin synthetic method.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.179-187
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• 1992

Poly(styrene-co-maliec anhydride) was reacted with aromatic amines such as aniline, p-toluidine, and p-chloroaniline in 10% (w/w) DMF solution to convert maleic anhydride units into maleimides. Optimum reaction conditions for cyclodehydration step of imide ring formation were : (a) reaction temp. of $80^{\circ}C$ (b) mole ratios of cyclodehydration agents : anhydride units in SMA/acetic anhydride/sodium acetate/triethyl amine= 1.0/2.0/0.2/1.1. $T_g$of SMI(imide modified SMA) was increased with increasing degree of imidization, but $T_g$leveled off in the early stage of imide content. And $T_g$of SMI was increased with the following order of amines used for imidization reagents : aniline < p-toluidine < p-chloroaniline.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.59-73
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• 1974

Fifteen derivatives of phthalide were synthesized from m-hemipinic, hydrastic and 4,5-benzophthalic anhydride with acetic, phenylacetic, p-methoxyphenylacetic, p-nitrophenylacetic, ${\alpha}$-nephthylacetic and succinic acid by the Gabriel condensation. In the same way, 13 derivatives of phthalimidine and 4 derivatives of ${\alpha,\beta}$ -benzisothiazoline-1, 1-dioxide were synthesized from diphenylmaleimide, phthalimide, saccharine and 4,5-benzo-phthalimide with previous 6 acids. 3-Substituted derivatives of m-hemipinic anhydride, hydrastic anhydride and 4,5-benzophthalic anhydride were treated with formamide and seven 3-substituted imidines could be synthesized. In case of 4,5-benzophtha lide, two isomers,4,5-benzophthalidene-3-acetic acid and 4,5-benzophthalidene-1-acetic acid, can be obtained theoretically, but only one product we got, and the chemical structure of it was identified by the following way. It was hydrolyzed and then decarboxylated, and this decomposed product was identical with 1-acetyl-2-naphthoic acid which was synthesized from .betha.-naphthylamine. This indicates that by the Gabriel condensatioin 4,5-benzophthalide only produces 4,5-benzophthlidene-3-acetic acid, that is ${\alpha}$-carbonyl substitute.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.351-353
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• 2009

Pyrylium fluoroborates undergo a wide range of synthetically useful reactions because of the positive charge. And the electron accepting nature has resulted in their widespread use as sensitizers for photo-induced electron transfer (PET) reactions. In this experiment, 2,6-disubstituted pyrylium fluoroborates are synthesized from the reaction between $3^{\prime}$-chloroacetophenone and excess orthoformate in an acidic medium (acetic anhydride/acid). Synthesized products are confirmed by $^1H-NMR$, FT-IR and TOF Mass spectroscopies. Also, photo-properties are analyzed with an UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2000

Biodegradable films were prepared from roasted sesame meal and rice bran. Acetic anhydride, succinic anhydride, and formaldehyde were added to the film-forming solutions, and their effects on tensile strength, percent elongation, water vapor permeability, and water solubility of the films were studied. Roasted sesame meal did not form film without acylation or addition of formaldehyde. Acylated roasted sesame films had higher tensile strength and water-solubility, and lower % elongation than rice bran films. Acylation with acetic and succinic anhydrides increased tensile strength, percent elongation, and water solubility of rice bran films, but decreased water vapor permeability. Treatment with formaldehyde increased tensile strength of roasted sesame and rice bran films and % elongation of rice bran films, while reducing water-solubility of roasted sesame and rice bran films and water vapor permeability of rice bran films.