• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2006

This study was conducted to understand the biomass and the energy content of 48-year-old Pinus densiflora stand planted in Mt. Wolak, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea. The total biomass of aboveground was 138.14 ton/ha (87.3 ton/ha from stemwood, 41.43 ton/ha from live brances, and 9.41 ton/ha from leaves). Annual net production (ANP) of aboveground was 10.85 ton/ha/yr, and the ANP of stemwood, live branches, and leaves were 5.3 ton/ha/yr, 2.93 ton/ha/yr, and 2.62 ton/ha/yr, respectively. Energy content of aboveground was 2,981 GJ/ha, and annual energy accumulation was 239 GJ/ha/yr. The leaf area index (LAI) of P. densiflora stand was 6.58.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.2
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• pp.248-257
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• 2014

The objectives of this study were to identify the root plate dimension of wind-uprooted trees and to analyze the relationship among wind direction, aboveground and belowground properties of the trees. The root plates of 77 Japanese larches (Larix kaempferi) and 24 Korean pines (Pinus koraiensis), which were uprooted by a typhoon in 2012, in the Taehwa Experimental Forest of Seoul National University, Korea, were investigated. The results showed the root plate shape could be assumed to be an oval or a circle in above view, and half an ellipse in side view, respectively. Also, the number and surface area of individual roots in root plates were greater in uprooting direction than in non-uprooting direction. The results of correlation analyses between aboveground and belowground properties indicated DBH had more significant correlation with belowground properties than tree height. Finally, simple linear relationships were derived for significantly correlated tree aboveground and belowground properties.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.145-158
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• 2005

To clarify the growth of Phragmites communis along the distance from the land, and investigate the effects by cutting the aboveground part, the height and dry weight of this species were surveyed from 2000 to 2001 on natural stands at tidal-flat of Hogog-ri, Jugog-myeon, Whaseong-city, Gyeonggi Province. At the stand near the rice paddy, mean density, mean height, dry weight per plant and dry weight per unit area of P. communis were $122.67plants/m^2$, 100.36 cm, 4.241 g, and $537.574/m^2$, respectively. The sizes of P. communis conspicuously increased from seaside to land side. At the stand isolated from the land, these properties were $102.30plants/m^2$ (in density), 43.894 cm (in height), 0.779 g/plant and $73.495g/m^2$, respectively, and the sizes of P. communis at the land side were relatively similar to those at sea side. The cutting of aboveground part resulted to the decrease of density and dry weight per unit area in next year, but did not influence on the height and weight per plant of P. communis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.84 no.2
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• pp.186-197
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• 1995

Site-specific allometric equations relating aboveground tree component biomass and leaf area to tree diameter, basal area, sapwood cross-sectional area and sapwood volume were developed using the destructive harvesting method for Pinus rigida Mill., Larix leptolepis Gordon, and Quercus serrata Thunb. stands in Yangpyeong, Kyonggi Province. There were significantly strong correlations between aboveground tree component biomass or leaf area and diameter at breast height (DBH), basal area, sapwood area and sapwood volume. For a similar diameter tree, the three species had a similar stem wood biomass. However, carbon allocation patterns to stem bark, foliage, branch and total aboveground biomass differed among the three species. Specific leaf area and the ratio of leaf area to sapwood cross-sectional area of the three species were significantly different. Allometric equations seemed To be related to leaf habit or leaf longevity. To elucidate the effect of leaf habit or leaf longevity on allometry and canopy characteristics clearly, more intensive studies are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2001

The floating islands have been constructed for the water quality improvement and the biodiversity conservation in an disturbed aquatic ecosystem. We made floating islands consisted of a special float and substrates of coconut fibers implanted with four emergent macrophytes such as Phragmites australis, Zizania latifolia, Iris pseudoacorus, Typha angustifolia. Vegetation structure and plant growth were compared between on the floating islands and on ground in order to select suitable plants for the construction of floating islands. Emergent-macrophytic vegetation on the floating islands showed lower coverages and higher plant biodiversity due to natural introduction of various hydrophytes and hygrophytes. Shoot density was increased on floating islands except for Zizania latifolia. From the point of coverage and density of plants, Phragmites australis and Iris pseudoacorus were suitable for floating islands. Total biomass of emergent macrophytes was decreased on the floating islands. The belowground/aboveground biomass ratio of floating islands was higher than that of the ground. Out of planted macrophytes, Iris pseudoacorus with a high belowground/aboveground biomass ratio could be evaluated a suitable plant for the floating islands because a plenty of its root is profitable to adapt with the nutrient-limited environment of floating islands.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.119-129
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• 2010

The joint use of remotely sensed data and field measurements has been widely used to estimate aboveground carbon stock in many countries. Recently, Korea Forest Research Institute has developed new carbon emission factors for kind of tree, thus more accurate estimate is possible. In this study, the aboveground carbon stock of Danyang area in South Korea was estimated using k-Nearest Neighbor(kNN) algorithm with the 5th National Forest Inventory(NFI) data. Considering the spectral response of forested area under the climate condition in Korea peninsular which has 4 distinct seasons, Landsat TM seasonal satellite images were collected. As a result, the estimated total carbon stock of Danyang area was ranged from 3542768.49tonC to 3329037.51tonC but seasonal trends were not found.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.76-82
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• 2002

This study was to investigate the productivity of 30-year-old Quercus mongolica forest in the Experimental Forest of Seoul National University located in Mt. Taehwa, Kyonggi-do, Korea. Eight sample trees were selected and cut off. Stem, branches and leaves were weighed respectively with the stratified clipping method, and analyzed for productive struts lure. The allometric regression equations between dry weight of each component(stem, branches, and needles) and D$^2$H were obtained. The results obtained are summarized as follows; (1) Photosynthetic layer of Quercus mongolica was shown at about 4m in height, and maximum needle amount of crown at 10m in height. (2) The total biomass of aboveground was 67.886ton/ha(75.5% from stem, 19.4% from branches and 5.1% from needles). (3) Annual net production of aboveground was 12.76ton/ha/yr, and the ratios of stem, branches and needles to that of aboveground, 44.1%, 28.7% and 27.2%, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2003

This study was carried out with Urich II method for estimating the aboveground biomass of 30 years old Chamaecypris obtuse plantation in Jinhae, Cyeongnam province, in order to solve problems of exhaustion of many time and manpower in field survey for estimating biomass of stands. The results were summarize as follows; Total aboveground biomass production of stands was 137.3ton/ha, which was 71.8% of stem, 15.4% of branch and 12.8% of leaf. Foliage biomass of stands was maximized on the 9.2~11.2m of total height. The ratio of biomass for each part of tree in Chamaecypris obtusa plantation was in order of, stem, branch and leaf in dominant and co-dominant tree, and was stem, leaf and branch in recessive tree. drying ratio by components were ranged 47.3~49.2% of stem, 48.8~52.9% of branch, 39.2~40.8 of leaf and 0.78%~0.89% of died branch. Specific gravity by sample tree was 0.49~0.53 range and there was not significantly different among sample tree.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.4
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• pp.569-576
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• 2021

This study developed an estimation model for litterfall input using the stand parameters (basal area, stand density, mean DBH, and carbon stocks of the aboveground tree biomass) collected from the Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) stands of seven regions in Gyeongsangnam-do. The mean annual litterfall was 2,779 kg ha^-1 year^-1 for needles, 883 kg ha^-1 year^-1 for miscellaneous, 611 kg ha^-1 year^-1 for broadleaved, 513 kg ha^-1 year^-1 for branches, and 340 kg ha^-1 year^-1 for bark litter. The mean annual total litterfall was 5,051 kg ha^-1 year^-1. Litterfall components were significantly correlated with stand parameters, except for broadleaved litter. A stronger correlation was observed between the carbon stock of the aboveground tree biomass and all the litterfall components compared with the other stand variables. The allometric equations for all the litterfall components were significant (P < 0.05), with the stand parameters accounting for 5%-43% and 8%-42% of the variation in the needle litter and total litterfall, respectively. The results indicated that the annual litterfall inputs of the Korean red pine stands on a regional scale can be effectively estimated by allometric equations using the basal area and carbon stocks of the aboveground tree biomass.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.2
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• pp.177-185
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• 1997

The influences of fertilizer treatment and clones of five willows and one hybrid poplar on above ground and soil carbon (C) accumulations in a willow bioenergy plantation were studied. The aboveground and soil samples were collected in the winter of 1992 and 1993 from the previously established willow plantation at Tully, New York, U.S.A. in 1987. Half of the plots were fertilized annually with 336kg/ha N, 112kg/ha P, and 224kg/ha K. All trees were harvested annually. The most productive clone, willow clone SV1 with fertilization, accumulated 5.4 and 6.8 t/ha/yr aboveground C contents during the sixth(1992) and seventh(1993) growing seasons, respectively. The average percentage of C in bolewood, bolebark, and branches for the five willow clones and one hybrid poplar clone ranged from 51.1 to 57.5, from 54.0 to 55.4, and from 55.6 to 56.5, respectively, among all treatment combinations. Only tyro of the six clones(SA22 and SA2) responded significantly to the addition of fertilizer by increasing the amount of aboveground C accumulated for the 1992 sampling period(clone-by-fertilizer interaction). No fertilization effect, on aboveground C content, was noted for the 1993 sampling period. No significant fertilization effect on soil C accumulation for all soil sampling depths(0-10, 10-20, and 20-40cm) was found in 1992 and 1993 sampling years. Little clone effect on soil C content was found in 1992 and 1993 sampling years, except at 0-10cm soil depth in 1992. The significant clonal effect on soil C content at 0-10cm soil depth could be because of stone content variation rather than clonal effect. The significant clone-by-fertilizer treatment interaction observed requires that evaluation of response to fertilization by willows be made for each clone individually.