• 한국재료학회지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2012

Morphological control on hydroxyapatite crystals has attractive prospects in research to clarify the effects of crystal planes on biological performance. Hydrothermal processing is known as a typical type of processing for fabricating well-grown crystals with unique morphology. The purpose of the present study is to examine the feasibility of well-crystallized crystals with oriented structures through hydrothermal treatment of calcite. A single crystal of calcite was applied to hydrothermal treatment in a phosphate solution at $160^{\circ}C$. Rod-shaped hydroxyapatite crystals with micrometer-size were formed on the {100} face of calcite after treatment, while nanometer-sized hydroxyapatite crystals were formed on the (111). The hydroxyapatite crystals formed on each plane were not morphologically changed with increasing treatment periods. An oriented structure of rod-shaped hydroxyapatite was constructed after hydrothermal treatment of {100} planes on the calcite single, while such orientation was not observed on the (111) plane after the treatment. The layer of hydroxyapatite formed on the {100} plane was thicker than that of the (111) plane. The {100} plane of calcite shows a higher reactivity than that of the (111) plane, which results in rapid crystal growth of hydroxyapatite. The difference in the morphology of the formed hydroxyapatite was governed by the reactivity of each crystal plane exposed to the surrounding solution.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.172-172
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• 2010

In the area of optoelectronic devices based on GaN and related ternary compounds, the two-dimensional system like as quantum wells (QWs) has been investigated as an effective structure for improving the light-emitting efficiency. Generally, the quantum well active regions in III-nitride light-emitting diodes grown on conventional c-plane sapphire substrates have critical problems given by the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) due to the effects of strong piezoelectric and spontaneous polarizations. However, the QWs grown on nonpolar templates are free from the QCSE since the polar-axis lies within the growth plane of the template. Also the unique characteristic of linear polarized light emission from nonpolar QW structures is attracting attentions because it is proper to the application of back-light units of liquid crystal display. In this study, we characterized optical properties of the a-plane InGaN/GaN QW structures by temperature-dependent photoluminescence (TDPL) measurements. From the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum measured at 300 K, green emission centered at 520 nm was observed for the QW region. Since indium incorporation on nonpolar QWs is lower than that on c-plane, this high indium-doping on a-plane InGaN QWs is not common. Therefore, the effect of high indium composition on optical properties in a-plane InGaN QWs will be extensively studied.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.170-170
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• 2010

a-plane 혹은 m-plane면을 사용하는 무분극 GaN LED는 c축 방향으로 발생하는 분극의 영향을 받지 않기 때문에 분극 GaN LED에 비해 높은 내부 양자효율을 가진다. 또한 무분극 GaN는 상대적으로 고농도의 p-type 도핑이 가능하기 때문에 광효율을 높일 수 있다. 하지만 이와 같은 장점에도 불구하고 무분극 GaN는 성장모드의 비대칭으로 인해 높은 결정성과 mirror-like한 표면을 얻기가 힘들다. 본 논문에서는 Metalorganic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) 장비를 사용하여 r-plane 사파이어 기판위에 a-plane GaN을 성장시켰다. 일반적으로 사용하는 저온에서의 nucleation layer 성장 대신 $1050^{\circ}$의 고온에서 성장 시킨후 일반적으로 사용하는 two-step 성장방법으로 그위에 5.5um정도의 GaN을 성장시켰다. 성장시 Trimethylgallium(TMGa)와 암모니아를 각각 Ga과 N 소스로 이용하였고 캐리어 가스는 수소를 사용하였다. 비대칭 결정성을 줄이기 위해 3D island growth mode에서의 성장조건을 바꾸어 c축과 m축 방향으로의 X-ray 결정성(FWHM) 차이가 564 arcsec에서 206 arcsec로 변화 시켰다. Normarski 현미경으로 표면을 관찰한 결과 v-defect이 없고 a-plane GaN에서 볼 수 있는 전형적인 줄무늬 패턴을 가지는 표면을 얻었으며 광학적 특성을 보기 위해 Photoluminescence (PL)을 측정하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2011

Plane detection is very important information for mission-critical of robot in 3D environment. A representative method of plane detection is Hough-transformation. Hough-transformation is robust to noise and makes the accurate plane detection possible. But it demands excessive memory and takes too much processing time. Iterative randomized Hough-transformation has been proposed to overcome these shortcomings. This method doesn't vote all data. It votes only one value of the randomly selected data into the Hough parameter space. This value calculated the value of the parameter of the shape that we want to extract. In Hough parameters space, it is possible to detect accurate plane through detection of repetitive maximum value. A common problem in these methods is that it requires too much computational cost and large number of memory space to find the distribution of mixed multiple planes in parameter space. In this paper, we detect multiple planes only via data sampling using Self Organizing Map method. It does not use conventional methods that include transforming to Hough parameter space, voting and repetitive plane extraction. And it improves the reliability of plane detection through division area searching and planarity evaluation. The proposed method is more accurate and faster than the conventional methods which is demonstrated the experiments in various conditions.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2002

본 논문는 공기중 교류전압원을 이용하여 3종류의 전극부(침대평판전극, 평판대평판전극 및 구대평판전극부)에서 방전시 방사되는 방사전자파를 측정하고, 그 스펙트럼의 특이한 패턴을 나타냈다. 방사전자파의 측정은 스펙트럼분석기와 바이코니칼 안테나를 사용하여 VHF(30~230[MHz])대역에서 측정하였다. 방전개시전압영역일 때, 침대평판전극부인 경우에는 주파수 45, 70, 80[MHz] 대역에서, 평판대평판전극과 구대평판전극부인 경우에는 주파수40[MHz]에서 높은 전계강도를 나타내었다. 그러나 절연파괴전압영역일 때, 방사전자파의 주파수 스펙트럼분포는 전극의 형태에 따라 측정주파수 영역에서 차이를 나타내었다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.487-500
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• 2021

Background: Although the erector spinae plane block has been used in various truncal surgical procedures, its clinical benefits in patients undergoing spinal surgery remain controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical benefits of erector spinae plane block in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for randomized controlled trials comparing the erector spinae plane block with a nonblocked control for spinal surgery. Results: Twelve studies encompassing 696 subjects were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. We found that the erector spinae plane block decreased postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption in the postoperative and intraoperative periods. Moreover, it prolonged the time to the first rescue analgesic, reduced the number of patients who required rescue analgesia, and lowered the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. However, it did not exhibit efficacy in decreasing the incidence of urinary retention and itching or shortening the length of hospital stays, or the time to first ambulation. Conclusions: Erector spinae plane block improves analgesic efficacy among patients undergoing spinal surgery compared with nonblocked controls; however, there is insufficient evidence regarding the benefits of erector spinae plane block for rapid recovery.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제31권1_2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2013

Taxicab plane geometry and Cinese-Checker plane geometry are non-Euclidean and more practical notion than Euclidean geometry in the real world. The ${\alpha}$-distance is a generalization of the Taxicab distance and Chinese-Checker distance. It was first introduced by Songlin Tian in 2005, and generalized to n-dimensional space by Ozcan Gelisgen in 2006. In this paper, we studied the isoperimetric inequality in ${\alpha}$-plane.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 1987년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.27-30
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• 1987

Some modification of laplacian pyramidal coding have been done and tested for a test image, From our studies, its apperar that 3-D redictor which exploits inter and intra plane redundancy simultaneously somewhat imporves the image quality, We also have tried to reduce the bit rate by only sending zeroth plane image values that correstpond to estimated dege points which can be obtained from the first plane For both cases the feedback of quantization errof in the previous plane has been in the reconstruction of each plane. Subjective and SNR tests show the better performance of the studied methods oner the conventional one.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.313-320
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• 1996

We have fabricated an in-plane aligned a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7-x (a-YBCO) thin film on a LaSrGaO4(100) substrate with a PrBa2Cu3O7-x(PBCO) template layer by two step plused laser deposition using 308 nm XeCl excimer laser. A YBCO layer and PBCO layer grown at low temperatures were used as template layers. We have investigated the effect of the deposition temperature of template layers on the superconducting and struc-tural properties of in-plane aligned a-YBCO thin films. An optimal deposition temperature of the PBCO template layers was 630. In-plane aligned a-YBCO thin films showed an anisotropy ratio in resistivity of 11.5 and a zero resistance temperature of 88 K.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.337-347
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• 2012

The taxicab distance and Chinese-checker distance in the plane are practical distance notions with a wide range of applications compared to the Euclidean distance. The ${\alpha}$-distance was introduced as a generalization of these two distance functions. In this paper, we study alpha circle, trigonometry, and the area of a triangle in the plane with ${\alpha}$-distance.