• 대한약리학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.7-11
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• 1976

A portion of duodenum laid pancreatic duct opening were perfused continuously with physiological saline under urethane anesthesia in rats. The pancreatic amylase secretory response to caerulein was studied with autonomic blockers, such as phenoxybenzamine, dibenamine, phentolamine, hexamethonium, propranolol, atropine, and cyproheptadine. The pancreatic amylase output to caerulein, 7.5ng/kg i.v., was markedly increased and the value was approximately three times greater than control. The caerulein-stimulated pancreatic amylase secretion was significantly decreased by i.v. phenoxybenzamine and propranolol treatment, but not by phentolamine or dibenamine. Secretory response of pancreatic amylase to caerulein was not affected by i.v. atropine, hexamethonium or cyproheptadine. These result lead to the conclusion that phenoxybenzamine may inherently inhibit the secretory response of pancreatic amylase to caerulein, and this effect was not related with ${\alpha}-adrenergic$ receptor blocking action.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.827-833
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• 2004

The biodegradability of vinyl acetate acrylate resin and com starch blend was studied by determination of the reduced sugars produced after enzymatic hydrolysis. The starch hydrolysis reaction by $\alpha-amylase$ was achieved within 5 minutes. Optimal ranges of temperature and pH for the starch hydrolysis by $\alpha-amylase$ were around $80^{\circ}C$ and 6.5-7.2, respectively. The biodegradability of the starch-filled acrylate films increased as the content of starch increased. The biodegradation of starch in the starch-filled acrylate film by $\alpha-amylase$ was about 48.6% of that of pure starch. This value of biodegradable starch-filled acrylate film gave a good result with enzymatic shortcut test. The surface morphologies of the starch-filled acrylate film after enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

• 미생물학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.63-76
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• 1977

Irradiation with high doses of gamma rays induced the reduction of mycelial weight and anaylase activity, and increased relative amylase activity in surface cultures. Biphase in growth curves was shown in aeration-agitation cultures but the behavior of the first phase of growth could be eliminated by replacing the amylasehydrolysed starch substrates, so that enzyme production was shortened ca. 40 hours and relative amylase activity was increased about 3 times higher before onset of autolysis. In the effect of gibberellin on amylase production, the positive stimulation was appeared to only surface culturs of the liquid medium and the negative effect to shake-cultures in a mutant. Trials of various continuous culture were resulted not only the approalch to the value of amylase activity in surface cultures of liquid medium, but also higher productivity than in batch cultures. The culture-degeneration was observed in two-stage continuous culture, but did not appear in continuous elevation culture.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.86-90
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• 1969

1. Amylase producing bacteria have been isolated from natural sources and was identified out. The above strain is identical to Bacillus subtillis in every details of physiological and morphorogical characteristics by this investigations. 2. Sikworm chrysalis nad chlorella extracts are prove to be further effective for the stimulation of amylase production than any other sources. The former silkworm extract is more stronger in its activity. 3. It is found that effective results had been accepted by a less soybean meal addition per that of wheat bran in the mixture ratio of them, also less addition of corn is needed in the mixture ratio of between corn and whear bran. In the mixing ratio of wheat bran per silkworm or chlorella extracts, the addition of wheat bran is necessary for stimulation of amylase production. 4. Fro the stimulation of amylase production, the effective substances from natural sources and its order of activity in cultral media cultral media is proved as follows, silkworms ext.>chlorella ext.>alcohol>skim-milk and peptone>fermented milk>radish leaf ext.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.625-630
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• 1998

Using a modified yeast secretory expression vector, $\alpha$-amylase of Schwanniomyces occidentalis was produced from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The expression vector contains the a-amylase gene (AMY) harboring its own promoter without the regulatory region and the adenine base at the -3 position from the ATG start codon, its own signal sequence, CYC1 transcription terminator, and SV40 enhancer. The expressed $\alpha$-amylase activity from cells carrying the plasmid was approximately 26 times higher than that from the cells harboring an unmodified plasmid. When Saccharomyces diastaticus was transformed with this modified vector, a 2.5 times higher level of amylolytic activity than that from Sch. occidentalis was observed.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.28-32
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• 1990

Precipitation and purification of amylase secreted by Streptomyces aureofaciens 77 in liquid inorganic salts-starch medium under the optimum conditions were carried out. Ammonium sulphate fractionation was used to precipitate amylase in cell free culture filtrate. (NH/sub 4/)/sub 2/ SO/sub 4/ at a concentration of 50-70% saturation gave the highest enzyme yield. The obtained precipitates were redissolved in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) and subjected to dialysis. The dialyzed enzyme preparation was applied to DEAE-cellulose column chromatography which resulted in an increase of purification up to 59.48 fold. A further step of purification was done by applying the obtained purified sample to Sephadex-G200 column chromatography which resulted in ann increase of purification up to 73. 92 fold. The results clearly indicated that the isolated amylase from S. aureofaciens 77 was only on type.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 1984

Corn malt제조(製造)의 기초연구(基礎硏究)의 일환(一環)으로 발아(發芽) 과정중(過程中) 옥수수의 외관형태(外觀形態) 및 건조(乾燥) 중량(重量)의 변화(變化), 전분(澱粉) 및 가용성당(可溶性糖)의 변화(變化), ${\alpha}$- 및 ${\beta}$-amylase의 경시(經時) 활성변화(活性變化)를 보리와 비교(比較)하면서 조사(調査)하였다. 발아(發芽) 과정중(過程中) 배유부(胚乳部)의 전분(澱粉) 분해(分解)는 보리에 비(比)하여 옥수수가 $2{\sim}4$일(日) 늦게 진행(進行)되었으며 분해속도(分解速度)는 약(約) $20{\sim}30%$ 낮았다. 발아종자(發芽種子)에 존재(存在)하는 가용성당(可溶性糖)은 발아(發芽) 초기(初期)에 일시적(一時的)으로 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)을 보였으나 Jelly pandam이외(以外)의 나머지 시료(試料)는 전분(澱粉)의 분해(分解)가 시작(始作)되면서 현저(顯著)하게 증가(增加)하였다. ${\alpha}$- 및 ${\beta}$-amylase활성(活性)은 발아경과(發芽經過)에 따라 증가(增加)하여 발아(發芽) 8일후(日後)에 최대(最大) 활성(活性)을 나타내었다. Jelly pandam은 낮은 amylase활성(活性)을 나타내었으나 보리와 황옥(黃玉)옥수수는 거의 비슷한 활성(活性)을 나타냈으며 ${\beta}$-amylase활성(活性)은 황옥(黃玉)이, ${\alpha}$-amylase활성(活性)은 보리가 각각 높았다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.649-654
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• 1993

효소를 이용하여 전분을 수식하여 묵의 텍스쳐 특성을 개선하고 아울러 기능성 탄수화물을 첨가시켜 불성을 개선하고 건강식품화하고자 하였다. 전분의 분자수식을 위하여 maltogenic amylase를 이용하였으며 고구마 전분의 구조를 modification시켜 묵을 제조하고 또한 분지 글루코올리고당과 도토리 전분을 혼합하여 10% 전분겔을 제조한 후 Instron을 사용한 기계적 검사와 관능검사를 병행하여 텍스쳐 특성을 시험하였다. 고구마 전분에 maltogenic amylase를 0.02% 첨가하였을 때 텍스쳐 개선효과가 가장 켰으며 묵의 품질이 우수하였다. 이는 효소에 의해 긴 아밀로오스와 아밀로펙틴이 묵이 형성될 수 있는 길이로 잘라졌기 때문으로 생각된다. Bacillus licheniformis maltogenic amylase(BLMA)를 이용하여 제조한 분지글루코올리고당을 첨가한 경우, 12.5%를 첨가하였을 때 텍스쳐 특성이 가장 향상되었다. 도토리 전분을 혼합하여 전분겔을 제조한 경우에는 50%를 혼합하였을 때 가장 텍스쳐 특성이 향상되었고 100% 도토리만으로 제조한 전분겔보다 수응력이 우수하였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.533-538
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• 1999

떡의 노화를 지연하여 상품성을 개량할 수 있는 방법을 개발하고자, $\alpha$-amylase를 첨가하여 백설기를 제조하였다. $\alpha$-amylase는 전분을 가수 분해하여 환원당의 함량을 증가시킴으로써 떡의 수분활성도를 낮추고, 백색도를 감소시키며 이러한 결과 전분의 노화가 지연되는 것을 X-ray 회절 양상의 변화를 통하여 확인하였다. 또한 떡의 관능검사 결과 $\alpha$-amylase를 첨가한 떡은 상온과 냉동 저장 모든 경우에서 더욱 촉촉하고 부드러운 조직감을 나타내어 전분의 노화가 억제됨을 관찰할 수 있었다. 그러나 떡의 수분 함량은 효소를 첨가한 것과 하지 않은 것간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으므로 이러한 촉촉한 느낌은 자유수 형태의 수분 함량보다는 환원당의 함량이 증가되어 나타나는 현상임을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.290-296
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• 2010

반추동물의 급성 산독증의 예방 및 치료제 개발을 위해 100종의 브라질 식물 추출물을 이용하여 미생물 유래의 $\alpha$-amylase 및 $\alpha$-glucosidase 저해 활성을 평가하였다. 그 결과 Acacia jurema Mart., Anacardium humile A. St.-Hil., Cedrela odorata L., 및 Guazuma ulmifolia Lam 추출물에서 우수한 $\alpha$-amylase 및 $\alpha$-glucosidase 저해 활성을 확인하였으며, Plumeria drastica Mart.에서는 우수한 $\alpha$-amylase 특이적 저해활성을, Eugenia uniflora L.에서는 강력한 $\alpha$-glucosidase 특이적 저해 활성을 확인하였다. 6종의 추출물을 대상으로 $\alpha$-amylase에 대한 $IC_{50}$ 평가 결과, 현지에서 항당뇨제로 사용되는 A. humile A. St.-Hil., 추출물($IC_{50}$: $91.2{\mu}g/ml$)이 가장 강력한 저해를 나타내었으며, 항당뇨제로 이용되고 있는 acarbose ($IC_{50}$:$50.5{\mu}g/mL$)의 저해활성에 필적하였다. A. humile A. St.-Hil., 추출물은 $80^{\circ}C$, 또는 0.01N HCl 조건에서 60분간 처리에 활성의 변화가 나타나지 않았으며, 산 처리시에는 오히려 활성의 증가가 나타났다. 또한 A. humile A. St.-Hil., 추출물은 인간 적혈구에 대한 용혈활성을 나타내지 않아 반추동물의 급성 산독증 및 인간 당뇨병 치료에도 이용 가능하리라 판단된다.