• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.58-68
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• 2006

There are two traditional scheduling methods known as PQ and WRR in the DiffServ network, however, these two scheduling methods have some drawbacks. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that can be adopted in WRR scheduler with making up for weak points of PQ and WRR. The proposed algorithm produces the control discipline by the fuzzy theory to dynamically assign the weight of WRR scheduler with checking the Queue status of each class. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, We accomplished a computer simulation using NS-2. From simulation results, the proposed algorithm improves the packet loss rate of the EF class traffic to 6.5% by comparison with WRR scheduling method and that of the AF4 class traffic to 45% by comparison with PQ scheduling method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2000

In the recent day, the necessity and the effective usage are increased rapidly, and it is applied in many other fields as well as in the field of ortho-photo map. In this study, we extract each objects on the aerial image and automatically classify graphic information to produce digital map using only digital ortho-image without particular drawing devices for producing digital map. For this purpose, we have applied a lot of the image processing techniques and fuzzy theory, classified outline and lane of road and building, and had each layer according to each feature. Especially, in the case of the building, the outer vector lines extracted by pixel unit at the building were very complex, but we have developed the program to be expressed by I-dimensional linear type between building corners. In the result of this study, we could not extract and recognize all of the object on the image all together, but we have got the error within 50cm using semi-automatic technique. Therefore, this method will be used effectively in producing 1/5,000 digital map.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1698-1706
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• 1997

In this paper, we envisioned a multimedia object recognition system processing and combinig information from all available sources, such as 2-D, 3-D, color and sound data. Out of the overall system, we proposed 3-D information extraction and object recognition methods. Firstly, surfaces are classified by z-gradient from the range data, surface features are extracted using the intersection of normal vectors. Also feature relationship such as intersection angle and distance is established between the surfaces. Secondly, recognition is accomplished by matching process which is improtant step in the image understanding systems. Matching process is very improtant procedures because of more general and more efficient method is needed in the field of multimedia sytem. Therefore, we focused the proposal of matching process and in this article, first of all, we deal with the matching process of the 3-D object. Similarity measures are calculated.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.34-43
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• 2002

In this paper, with the reference of the pulse wave acquired by the pulse-checking device, it is measured the impedance on the key measuring points of the 12 kyungmaks of the human body's left and right by using 24-channels Yangdorak machine. Then, based on the Fuzzy theory, this study diagnosed the each meridian's strength and weakness. After that, both the strengthening and weakening stimulus of magnetic fields are applied to the dominant direction to find out how the degree of strength and weakness of the meridian changed. Ultimately, the magnetic therapy that can stimulate the magnetic field at the time of diagnosis and thereby balancing the interactive of five-system(O-hang) have been materialized. For the stimulation of magnetic fields, a stimulating device which can change the direction and time on a specific part of the key measuring points of the limbs of 24 kyungmaks have been developed and used. The therapeutic methods are as follows. First, the strength and weakness of the meridian have been determined. Second, both the extremely weak meridian of Yin(Shade) and Yang(Shine), and the extremely strong meridian of Yin and Yang were adjusted by applying appropriate ascending and descending stimuli respectively. All these adjusting processes can now be carried out automatically on a personal computer(PC). 

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.3-18
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• 2018

These days, regional innovation draws more attention than ever as a growth engine for regional economies, and governments put a variety of efforts to establish Regional Innovation systems(RISs). In this circumstance, this study aims to analyze types of RISs and the combinations of the factors influencing innovation performance as measured by patent application. Most of previous works have depended on case-oriented or variable-oriented strategy to classify types of RISs or to analyze the effects on performance of innovation factors, having some limitations: Variable-oriented approaches fail to capture complex combinatory effects of factors, while case-oriented approaches tend to depend on subjective interpretation. This study made use of the recently proposed fs/QCA(Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis) to overcome the limitations of those strategies. Based on the theory of RIS, three factors for regional innovation-input, infrastructure, and network-are used to classify 16 Korean Provinces. The results show that eight types of regional innovation types are identified, and that most of the regions are classified into either IN-type, equipped with high levels of Input and Network, or F-type, with high levels of infrastructure. In addition, applying seven sub-variables of the three factors to the fussy-set combination factor analysis, we examine a combination of factors influencing patent application. The results show that regions with high levels of R&D expense, valid patent, industry-academia cooperation, IP budget, and TLO values, and low IP capital almost always have a high level of patent application. Therefore, for regional innovation, the public sector needs to provide institutional support for R & D personnel training. It is also important to for both the public and the private sectors to make efforts to stimulate IP financing.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.4B
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• pp.566-575
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• 2010

In recent, artificial immune system has become an important research direction in the anomaly detection of networks. The conventional artificial immune systems are usually based on the negative selection that is one of the computational models of self/nonself discrimination. A main problem with self and non-self discrimination is the determination of the frontier between self and non-self. It causes false positive and false negative which are wrong detections. Therefore, additional functions are needed in order to detect potential anomaly while identifying abnormal behavior from analogous symptoms. In this paper, we design novel network attack detection and response schemes based on artificial immune system, and evaluate the performance of the proposed schemes. We firstly generate detector set and design detection and response modules through adopting the interaction between dendritic cells and T-cells. With the sequence of buffer occupancy, a set of detectors is generated by negative selection. The detection module detects the network anomaly with a set of detectors and generates alarm signal to the response module. In order to reduce wrong detections, we also utilize the fuzzy number theory that infers the degree of threat. The degree of threat is calculated by monitoring the number of alarm signals and the intensity of alarm occurrence. The response module sends the control signal to attackers to limit the attack traffic.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.113-133
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• 2013

Since 1995, Korean enterprises have been rapidly expanding their business, especially to Eastern European countries such as Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary and so on. After the establishment of Korea-EU FTA in 2011, close relationship between the two through economic cooperation has been maintained. To efficiently connect the seaport regions to inland factories located in Eastern European countries, researches on mode choice in the intermodal sector are needed to perform. However, there is a scant of research for mode choice factors on intermodal transportation service in Europe. Therefore, the aim of this research is to understand the current situation of intermodal transportation sector in Europe, identify key factors of mode choice, and weigh the importance among factors influencing intermodal selection in the perspective of Korean exporters or forwarders with overseas cargo to Europe. A survey and in-depth interviews to CEOs and executives who have more than 20 to 30 years of career in logistics sector were carried out from April 01 to May 01, 2013. Using the fuzzy theory as the methodology, 'Reliability of arrival time', 'Transit time', and 'Freight Rate' are equally ranked as the most important factor in the selection of intermodal transportation.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.322-331
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• 2003

As the complexity of a 3D game is increased by various factors of the game scenario, it has a problem for controlling the interrelation of the game objects. Therefore, a game system has a necessity of the coordination of the responses of the game objects. Also, it is necessary to control the behaviors of animations of the game objects in terms of the game scenario. To produce realistic game simulations, a system has to include a structure for designing the interactions among the game objects. This paper presents a method that designs the dynamic control mechanism for the interaction of the game objects in the game scenario. For the method, we suggest a game agent system as a framework that is based on intelligent agents who can make decisions using specific rules. Game agent systems are used in order to manage environment data, to simulate the game objects, to control interactions among game objects, and to support visual authoring interface that ran define a various interrelations of the game objects. These techniques can process the autonomy level of the game objects and the associated collision avoidance method, etc. Also, it is possible to make the coherent decision-making ability of the game objects about a change of the scene. In this paper, the rule-based behavior control was designed to guide the simulation of the game objects. The rules are pre-defined by the user using visual interface for designing their interaction. The Agent State Decision Network, which is composed of the visual elements, is able to pass the information and infers the current state of the game objects. All of such methods can monitor and check a variation of motion state between game objects in real time. Finally, we present a validation of the control method together with a simple case-study example. In this paper, we design and implement the supervised classification systems for high resolution satellite images. The systems support various interfaces and statistical data of training samples so that we can select the most effective training data. In addition, the efficient extension of new classification algorithms and satellite image formats are applied easily through the modularized systems. The classifiers are considered the characteristics of spectral bands from the selected training data. They provide various supervised classification algorithms which include Parallelepiped, Minimum distance, Mahalanobis distance, Maximum likelihood and Fuzzy theory. We used IKONOS images for the input and verified the systems for the classification of high resolution satellite images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.30
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• pp.261-274
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• 1996

In the present age dominate by both cer-taingty of 1% and uncertainty of 99% 'Fuzzy thinking' of Bart Kosko that is the way to solve the problems by the scientific way through a worldview of Buddhism or Taoism greatly prevails around the world over 'Lateral greatly prevails around the world over 'Lateral thinking' and the authenticity or the right and-wrong of the uncertainty which is the thinking way to find the answer of the problems of illogical way of Edward de Beno against the western vertical thinking were Concurrently fashion designers over the world also adopt the oriental elements. But there exist differences of thoughts between the orient and the occident. And they have dif-ferent thinking way of aestheticism and references of the value on the beauty. Not only beauty but the view through the mind as intuitional thought in which not only the rec-ognition of sense but also the rationalism and the naturalness play key role. The aesthetic sense in the orient contains both the truth and virtue. 2) The beauty of the mean It's from the thought of neutralization of Confucius. The mean or moderation state which in harmony with ethical virtue and aes-thetic beauty is the ideal and is the ultimate. Therefore the thought of Confucian is the creativity in which the balance and the har-mony is most important. Fashion design is also one of the representation of the mean because the spirit of the designer is harmonized for-mlessly with the object of the model of the fashion design. 2) The beauty of skillfulness It indicates the Taoism of Lao-tzu and Chuangtzu. It takes a super-artistic declar-ation that human can feel and recognize the color of colorlessness the sound of sound-lessness and the taste of tastelessness. The thought of arts affected by Taoism is 'ad-vanced age' called the beauty of skillfulness. The view of arts of lao-tzu takes the beauty of cosmos and the nature as a standard. Es-pecially the beauty of inactivity is recognized by the linkage between the beauty and the ugliness. And these things appear in fashion design as a design element such as humor or exaggeration. 3) The beauty of non-dualism It is thought of Buddhism that all evil passions of worry occur form the opposition in dualism. Finally this thought leads to that everything is consistent and truth is only one from the point of view that virtue and vice has on linkage that is 'no virtues no vices' and 'one with two, two, with one, one is not two' A big tendency like this became the root forma-tion of the thought of the oriental arts. 3. Characteristics of the oriental aesthetic sense on the present fashion design 1) The formation of the fashion design on the oriental elements In the picture-incantation which was a representation of an era when the thought of 'cosmic dual forces' dominated the basic polygons of 'a circle square triangle' means both 'one two three' and 'the negative positive mean' of cosmic elements. From this point of view the was of planner cutting in the Orient is dif-ferent from that of the Occidental which is in three-dimensional. The planner polygon type of the cut-pieces comes to have the meaning of the three-dimension when they consist of a suit that has the combination of each cut-piece. This shows the consistency with the principle of cosmos creation of Taoism that one is two two is three and three is every-thing. 2) The coloring and the symbolic represen-tation of the fashion design on the orien-tal elements The sense on the colors in the Orient from the thought of 'the cosmic dual forces and the five elements' is not the experi-enced from the knowledge but contains the consideration of philosophy Five-primary-color representing compass directions Blue(East) Red(South) Yellow(Center) White (West) and Black (North) is called ' the posi-tive' for this five-primary-color secondary-color which comes from the compound of the primary colors is called 'the negative' The thought of 'the cosmic dual forces and the five elements' is also an theory containing the natural order of the cos-mos and this shows the perceptional differ-ence that they are not conceptual but to be recognized and fell directly. A thought of Buddhism which is 'Colors are colorlessness and Clolorlessness are color's proves that. 3) The pattern and symbolic representation of the fashion design on the oriental elements The pattern as a visual style is a figure of symbolic representation which adopt the mental and physical world of human and are the compo-sition of artistic revelation of the human nature and the religous thought of incantation. Es-pecially the symbolic representation of the oriental thought of Confusion. Buddhism and Taoism There are patterns such as plants aminals the oriental four gods and geometry. From the above it's the time toward the 21'th century when the world is constructing one global area and one historical zone. And the exotic mood of the Orient represented in the fashion which doesn't make the common feeling in general does not cease to develop only to express the visual modeling but also adopts the thought religion and the art which are the root of the Orientail and contains inherent willing of modeling.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.139-153
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• 2017

Corporate bankruptcy can cause great losses not only to stakeholders but also to many related sectors in society. Through the economic crises, bankruptcy have increased and bankruptcy prediction models have become more and more important. Therefore, corporate bankruptcy has been regarded as one of the major topics of research in business management. Also, many studies in the industry are in progress and important. Previous studies attempted to utilize various methodologies to improve the bankruptcy prediction accuracy and to resolve the overfitting problem, such as Multivariate Discriminant Analysis (MDA), Generalized Linear Model (GLM). These methods are based on statistics. Recently, researchers have used machine learning methodologies such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Furthermore, fuzzy theory and genetic algorithms were used. Because of this change, many of bankruptcy models are developed. Also, performance has been improved. In general, the company's financial and accounting information will change over time. Likewise, the market situation also changes, so there are many difficulties in predicting bankruptcy only with information at a certain point in time. However, even though traditional research has problems that don't take into account the time effect, dynamic model has not been studied much. When we ignore the time effect, we get the biased results. So the static model may not be suitable for predicting bankruptcy. Thus, using the dynamic model, there is a possibility that bankruptcy prediction model is improved. In this paper, we propose RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) which is one of the deep learning methodologies. The RNN learns time series data and the performance is known to be good. Prior to experiment, we selected non-financial firms listed on the KOSPI, KOSDAQ and KONEX markets from 2010 to 2016 for the estimation of the bankruptcy prediction model and the comparison of forecasting performance. In order to prevent a mistake of predicting bankruptcy by using the financial information already reflected in the deterioration of the financial condition of the company, the financial information was collected with a lag of two years, and the default period was defined from January to December of the year. Then we defined the bankruptcy. The bankruptcy we defined is the abolition of the listing due to sluggish earnings. We confirmed abolition of the list at KIND that is corporate stock information website. Then we selected variables at previous papers. The first set of variables are Z-score variables. These variables have become traditional variables in predicting bankruptcy. The second set of variables are dynamic variable set. Finally we selected 240 normal companies and 226 bankrupt companies at the first variable set. Likewise, we selected 229 normal companies and 226 bankrupt companies at the second variable set. We created a model that reflects dynamic changes in time-series financial data and by comparing the suggested model with the analysis of existing bankruptcy predictive models, we found that the suggested model could help to improve the accuracy of bankruptcy predictions. We used financial data in KIS Value (Financial database) and selected Multivariate Discriminant Analysis (MDA), Generalized Linear Model called logistic regression (GLM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model as benchmark. The result of the experiment proved that RNN's performance was better than comparative model. The accuracy of RNN was high in both sets of variables and the Area Under the Curve (AUC) value was also high. Also when we saw the hit-ratio table, the ratio of RNNs that predicted a poor company to be bankrupt was higher than that of other comparative models. However the limitation of this paper is that an overfitting problem occurs during RNN learning. But we expect to be able to solve the overfitting problem by selecting more learning data and appropriate variables. From these result, it is expected that this research will contribute to the development of a bankruptcy prediction by proposing a new dynamic model.