• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.320-328
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• 1988

This study was carried out to investigate the heavy metal contents and their correlationship between paddy soil and brown rice near the Kum-River area. In this study, eighty soil samples and forty brown rice samples were taken from the paddy soil. The contents of heavy metals were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results were as follows: 1. The average contents of soluble heavy metals in surface soil were Cd 0.19, Cu 15.31, Zn 18.10 and Pb 9.08 ppm. The average contents of soluble heavy metals in subsurface soil were Cd 0.19, Cu 14.52, Zn 17.75 and Pb 8.11 ppm. There was no statistically significant difference between the two layers. 2. The contens of Cu, Zn and Pb of Taejeon(S6) and Cd of Sinbyung(S5) in surface soil were higher than those of other areas. The contents of Cd and Cu of Taejeon(S6) and Zn and Pb of Kumnam(S3) in brown rice were higher than those of other areas and four heavy metals in soil and brown rice of Simchon(S7) were lower than those of other areas. 3. The ratio of soluble contents(Cd:Cu:Zn:Pb) in surface soil was 1:79:93:47, that of soluble contents in subsurface soil was 1:76:94:43, and that of total contents in brown rice was 1:84:294:12. 4. The correlationship of the content between soluble heavy metals in surface(0-15 cm depth) soil total heavy metals in brown rice was found to be order of Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb. The correlationship of the content between soluble heavy metals in subsurface(20-30 cm depth) soil and total heavy metals in brownricewasfoundtobeorderofcu>Cd>Zn>Pb.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.431-431
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• 2016

Typical Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)-based solar cells have a buffer layer between CIGS absorber layer and transparent ZnO front electrode, which plays an important role in improving the cell performance. Among various buffer materials, chemical bath deposition (CBD)-ZnS is being steadily studied to alternative to conventional CdS and the efficiency of CBD-ZnS/CIGS solar cell shows the comparable values with that of CdS/CIGS solar cell. The intriguing thing is that reversible changes occur after exposure to illumination due to the metastable defect states in completed ZnS/CIGS solar cell, which induces an improvement of solar cell performance. Thus, it implies that the understanding of metastable defects in CBD-ZnS/CIGS solar cell is important issue. In this study, we fabricate the ITO/i-ZnO/CBD-ZnS/CIGS/Mo/SLG solar cells by controlling the NH4OH mole concentration (from 2 M to 3.5 M) of CBD-ZnS buffer layer and observe their conversion efficiency with and without light soaking for 1 hr. From the results, NH4OH mole concentration and light exposure can significantly affect the CBD-ZnS/CIGS solar cell performance. In order to investigate that which layer can contain metastable defect states to influence on solar cell performance, impedance spectroscopy and capacitance profiling technique with exposure to illumination have been applied to CBD-ZnS/CIGS solar cell. These techniques give a very useful information on the density of states within the bandgap of CIGS, free carriers density, and light-induced metastable effects. Here, we present the rearranged charge distribution after exposure to illumination and suggest the origin of the metastable defect states in CBD-ZnS/CIGS solar cell.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.112-113
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• 2007

ZnS:Cn,Cl phosphor was coated by solid-gel reaction with $SiO_2$ outside layer. The effect of $Cu^{2+}$ -doping concentration has been investigated on the luminescence characteristics of ZnS:Cn,Cl blue-green phosphors for inorganic electro luminescent device. Also, SiO2 coated layers' effect on luminescence characteristics. Evaluation of luminescence characteristics dependent on the synthesis conditions is important to get high-performance phosphors properties. EL and PL properties such as luminescence intensity and chromaticity of ZnS:Cn,Cl phosphors synthesized with different concentration of activator, $Cu^{2+}$, were analysed separately

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2013

The $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ (CZTS) thin film solar cell is a candidate next generation thin film solar cell. For the application of an absorption layer in solar cells, CZTS thin films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) at substrate temperature of $300^{\circ}C$ without post annealing process. Deposition time was carefully adjusted as the main experimental variable. Regardless of deposition time, single phase CZTS thin films are obtained with no existence of secondary phases. Irregularly-shaped grains are densely formed on the surface of CZTS thin films. With increasing deposition time, the grain size increases and the thickness of the CZTS thin films increases from 0.16 to $1{\mu}m$. The variation of the surface morphology and thickness of the CZTS thin films depends on the deposition time. The stoichiometry of all CZTS thin films shows a Cu-rich and S-poor state. Sn content gradually increases as deposition time increases. Secondary ion mass spectrometry was carried out to evaluate the elemental depth distribution in CZTS thin films. The optimal deposition time to grow CZTS thin films is 150 min. In this study, we show the effect of deposition time on the structural properties of CZTS thin film deposited on soda lime glass (SLG) substrate using PLD. We present a comprehensive evaluation of CZTS thin films.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.471-477
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• 1997

A study detennined whether certain biochemical and physiological variables were altered during marginal Zn deficiency. Ten weaned crossbred Hereford Angus heifer calves, weighing $163{\pm}2kg$, were utilized. Five calves were fed a Zn - deficient (- Zn) brome-alfalfa hay diet containing 17 mg Zn/kg diet DM, and five calves were fed a Zn-adequate (+Zn) diet with 23 mg Zn/kg diet DM from $ZnSO_4$ added to the - Zn diet (total diet, 40 mg Zn/kg diet DM), for 32 d. At 21 d the - Zn calves had a reduction (p < .05) in feed efficiency. By 25 d, plasma Zn and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were reduced (p < .05) in the - Zn calves. Blood urea nitrogen, glucose, insulin, IGF-I, Cu plasma concentration and Zn and Cu concentrations of red blood cell (RBC) and liver were not altered (p > .05) by the - Zn diet through 25 d. In response to a single i. m. injection of dexamethasone (20 mg) on d 25, calves fed the two dietary Zn amounts showed no changes (p > .05) in plasma or RBC Zn and Cu concentrations, serum IGF-I, insulin, and glucose when measured at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after injection. In response to an intradermal injection of phytohemagglutinin on d 30, cell mediated immune (CMI) response was reduced (p < .05) in the - Zn calves. These observations indicate that during a marginal Zn deficiency in calves, there was a decrease in feed efficiency, plasma Zn, serum alkaline phosphatase, and CMI response.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2003

orchardgrass 및 white clover의 단파 및 혼파재배에서 미량요소 붕소(B)의 시비수준별 목초의 생육상, 뿌리/근류 형성, 수량성, 양분의 함량 및 초종간 경합지수 등에 미치는 영향 등을 구명하였다. 처리내용은 다량 및 미량요소 시비를 동일하게 한 조건에서 5 수준의 붕소 처리: 1) $B_{0}$ ; 0.0, 2) $B_1$; 0.2, 3) $B_2$; 2.0. 4) $B_3$; 6.0, 5) $B_4$; 15.0me B/pot로 glasshouse에서 pot시험으로 수행하였다. I보(생육상), II보(수량성), III보(조단백질)에 이어서 본 IV보에서는 목초 중미량요소(Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn 및 B)의 함량 및 이들의 충 농도에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 1. 예취가 진행되어 감에 따라서 두 목초 중 B-함량이 공히 낮아졌고, B 시비수준간 차이도 줄어들었다. white clover에서 B-함량이 B$_{0}$ 처리구는 B$_2$ 처리구 보다 약간 낮았지만 수량성은 큰 차이를 보였고, 이는 $B_{0}$ 처리구의 잠복성 붕소결핍에 기인한 것으로 보였다. 이에 비해서 orchardgrass는 상대적으로 더 큰 차이와 예취 후반기에 크게 낮아졌지만 수량차이는 미약하였다. 2. 일반적으로 목초 중 Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn의 함량은 우선 초종, 단파/혼파재배 및 다양요소추비의 시비 여부에 따라서 차이를 보였으며, B 시비수준별 이들의 함량 변화는 미량요소의 종류와 상기 조건에 따라서 차이를 보였다. 3. white clover 중 Fe-함량은 적정 B 처리구 ($B_2$)에 비해서 $B_{0}$ 와 $B_4$처리구에서는 낮았다. 이는 $B_{0}$ 와 $B_4$ 처리구에서 뿌리발육의 저해/수량감소 특성과 연관된 것으로 보였다. 그러나 orchardgrass는 일관성을 보이지 안 했다. 두 목초 중 Mn, Cu 및 Zn의 함량에 미치는 붕소시비의 영향은 일관성을 보이지 안 했다. 4. 붕소 시용수준이 미량요소 양이온 총 농도((Fe+Mn+Cu+Zn)에 미치는 효과는 미약하였다. 일반적으로 충 농도의 변화는 Mn과 Zn의 함량에 밀접한 영향을 받았고, 반면에 Fe과 Cu의 함량은 경미한 영향을 보였다. white clover 중총 농도는 혼파보다 단파재배에서 더 높았다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.127-138
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• 2014

어린이용품의 위해성에 대한 관심이 증대됨에 따라 프탈레이트계 가소제와 중금속에 대해 세계적으로 규제가 날로 강화되고 있다. 우리나라에서도 2009년부터 환경보건법에 어린이용품에 대해 건강상에 문제를 일으킬 수 있는 물질에 대한 규제를 법적으로 고시 해 왔다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라에서 유통되는 어린이용품에 대해서 경구 및 경피 노출이 야기될 가능성이 높은 제품들 중 22개 제품군에 대해 총 124개 제품을 선정하여 제품 내 프탈레이트와 중금속의 함유량과 전이량을 조사하였다. 124개 제품 중 123개 제품에서 중금속 14종에 대하여 분석결과 중금속이 함유되어 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 경구 전이량 결과에 따르면 블록류, 플라스틱 인형, 목재완구, 놀이용 바닥매트, 물놀이용품이 전이가 가능하였고 분석 결과 대부분의 제품에서 바륨(Ba), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 주석(Sn)의 인체 전이가 일어날 수 있는 것으로 조사되었고 일부 품목에서 코발트(Co), 니켈(Ni), 납(Pb) 등이 추가적으로 전이가 가능하였다. 경피 전이량 분석 결과 바륨(Ba), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn)은 악세서리를 제외한 대부분의 제품에서 전이가 가능하였고 악세서리의 경우 크롬(Cr), 바륨(Ba), 니켈(Ni), 아연(Zn), 구리(Cu)가 전이 가능하였다. 프탈레이트 분석 결과, 124개 제품 중 21개 제품이 함유되어 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 함유량 분석 결과 DBP, DEHP, DINP의 검출을 보인 제품을 대상으로 경구 전이량을 조사한 결과, 물놀이용품 2개 제품에서 DEHP 물질의 인체 전이가 일어날 수 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 경피 전이량 분석 결과 대부분의 제품에서 DEHP의 전이가 가능하였고 DBP는 2개, DINP 7개에서 경피 전이가 일어날 수 있는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국자원리싸이클링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원리싸이클링학회 1993년도 EARTH 발표논문초록
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• pp.6.3-7
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• 1993

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2005년도 International Meeting on Information Displayvol.II
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• pp.1327-1330
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• 2005

The color shifting from yellow to green of electroluminescent emission from ZnS: Cu alternating current thick film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices has been achieved by changing the Mg composition in the phosphor layers. The commission international de l'Eclairge (CIE) color co-ordinates of the ACTFEL devices prepared from these phosphor layers show a shifting from yellow (x=0.45, y=0.52) towards green (x=0.36, y=0.58). The various parameters influencing the emission intensity were also investigated.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.341-354
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• 2002

Heavy metal concentration/distribution in sediments and bivalves from the tidal flats in Saemankeum coastal area, western Korea, were investigated, Among 6 sampling sites, S2, S5 and S6 showed the higher levels of Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu and Cd contamination and S1 did the higher level of Pb contamination than other sites, while S-4 showed the lowest levels of these metal contamination. Overally, the levels of Zn, Cu and Pb concentrations in Sinonovacula constricta were estimated to be relatively high. The shell lengths of the collected mussels were linearly related to their dry weights of the whole soft parts, but the mussels collected from S3 were in a poor nutrition, resulting in the distinctively high levels of metal concentrations in the body. It was shown that in S. constricta, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn are distributed equally into the whole soft parts or a little more into the flesh, after absorption, while Fe, Cd, Pb and Mn are transferred more into the non-flesh parts than into the flesh parts. In S. constricta, the heavy metal concentrations in the flesh increase with those in the whole soft parts. The bioaccumulation factors(heavy metal concentration in S. constricta/heavy metal concentration in sediment) showed that, of the examined metals, Cd is the most cumulative in the body of S. constricta, followed by Zn and Cu, while Mn, Cr, Ni and Pb are not cumulative.