• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.91-103
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• 1972

Zinc is one of the essential trace elements in the living organism for growth and health. The first identified metalloenzyme, carbonic anhydrase, is a zinc compound and several others have been described since. Among zinc deficiency syndromes in animals porcine parakeratosis has been successfully treated with zinc supplements, and in man a syndrome of anemia, hypogonadism, hepatosplenomegaly, and dwarfism, prevalent in parts of Iran and Egypt, has been ascribed to lack of zinc in the diet. Dietary zinc excess in the rat is manifested by a hypochromic, microcytic anemia, poor growth, reduction in liver catalase and cytochrome oxidase. The present study is an attempt to delineate the changes of tissue contents of trace elements, especially of iron, copper and zinc in liver and kidneys of the rats. Weanling albino rats, weighing 60 to 80gm. were used in this experiments. The rats were housed in cages with aluminum floors and received feed and distilled water ad libitum. Animals were divided into three groups, control, low zinc diet and high zinc diet groups. The high zinc diet group was subdivided into 0.5% Zn and 0.7%Zn groups. The supplementary copper or iron was added to the high dietary zinc groups. The animals were sacrificed and the tissues were washed several times with deionized water. The wet digested samples were analyzed by Hitachi Model 207 atomic absorption spectro-photometer for the determination of iron, copper and zinc in the liver and kidney. Hemoglobin level in the blood was measured by cyanmethemoglobin method. The results of this study are as follows: 1) All rats fed high zinc diets and low zinc diets gained less weight than control. Weight gain was not improved by the supplementary copper or iron and both. 2) Hemoglobin concentration was decreased significantly in the rats fed high zinc diets and less in the low zinc diet. Supplementary copper and iron to the higher zinc diet appeared to give some improvement of anemia. 3) The iron contents of the liver and kidneys were significantly decreased in the high zinc groups and the reduction was more significantly in the rats receiving higher zinc diet (0.7%). The supplementary copper caused a further depression of liver iron. On the other hand, the iron, added to the high zinc diet lessoned the severity of the decrease in liver iron and caused kidney iron to be maintained almost at the level found in the rats fed by zinc and supplementary copper diet. 4) High zinc diets did not change copper content of the liver and kidney. Supplementary copper elevated the concentration in the liver and kidney and added iron had no effect on the accumulation of copper in the liver and kidneys. 5) The high zinc diets caused marked increases of zinc content in the liver and kidney. Supplementary iron to the high zinc diet caused increases of zinc contents of liver and kidneys.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2007

The component parts of the shell plate of a ship are steel. but the screw propeller or the bow thruster is a compound of bronze, nickel and aluminum. On account of the these different components between metals of the shell plate, the screw propeller and the bow thruster, which are underwater, the shell plate of a ship is corroded by the action of ionization. Authors investigated the corrosion loss of the zinc anodes which were attached to the bottom shell of the training ship Kaya for about two years. The obtained results were as follows:1. In case of the shell plate the difference of the corrosion loss according to port and starboard was almost nothing. But the corrosion loss of the forward part was more than that of the aftward part.2. There was little difference in the corrosion loss between the forward and the aftward part on the bilge keel.3. The corrosion loss of the fore, midship and aft part on the false keel were 24.7%, 22.4% and 23.9% respectively.4. The corrosion loss of the fore and the aft part on the false keel was more than that of the midship part.5. The corrosion loss of the bow thruster was greater than any other parts.6. The nearer the zinc anode to the screw propeller the more the corrosion loss on the stern frame, and the situation was also same as on the rudder.

• 약학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.119-122
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• 1991

A convenient method for the synthesis of ibuproxam, which is a non steroidal antiinflammatory agent, is reported. Friedel-Crafts reaction of isobutylbenzene with ethyl $\alpha$-chloro-$\alpha$-(methylthio)acetate (3) gives ethyl $\alpha$-methylthio-(p-isobutylpheny) acetate (4). Ethyl 2-methylthio-2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propionate (5) is obtained from methylation of the compound (4) with NaH and Mel. lbuproxam (7) is easily synthesized by reductive desulfurization of the compound (5) with zinc dust-acetic acid or Raney nickel, followed by treatment of the resultant ethyl 2-(4-isobutyl-pheny) propionate (6) with H$_{2}$NOH-HCI.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.68-71
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• 1999

The 6,6-dibromopenam (6) was treated with CH3MgBr and carbaldehyde 5 to afford the hydroxy compound 7, which was reacted with acetic anhydride to give acetoxy compound 8. The deacetobromination of 8 with zinc and acetic acid gave 6-exomethylenepenams, E-isomer 10 and Z-isomer 9, which was oxidized to sulfone 11 by m-CPBA. The p-methoxybenzyl compounds were deprotected by AlCl3 and neutralized to give the sodium salts 12, 13, and 14.

• 약학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.288-292
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• 2003

The synthesis of new 6-exomethylene penams with substituted triazole ring was described. The 6,6-dibromopenam 5 was reacted with $CH_3$MgBr and substituted triazole 4 to afford the 6-bromo penicillanate 6, which was treated with acetic anhydride to give acetoxy compound 7. The deacetobromination of acetoxy compound 7 with zinc and acetic acid gave 6-exomethylene penams 8, which was oxidized to sulfones 9 by m-CPBA. The p-methoxybenzyl compounds 6∼9 were deprotected by AlCl$_3$ and neutralized to give the sodium salts 10∼13.

• 약학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2004

The synthesis of new 6-triazole exomethylenepenams was described. The 6,6-dibromopenam 5 was reacted with $CH_3$MgBr and substituted triazole 4 to afford the 6-bromo penicillanate 6, which was treated with acetic anhydride to give acetoxy compound 7. The deacetobromination of acetoxy compound 7 with zinc and acetic acid gave 6-exomethylene penams 8 and 9, which were oxidized to sulfones 10 and 11 by m-CPBA. The p-methoxybenzyl compounds 6-11 were deprotected by AlCl$_3$ and neutralized to give the sodium salts 12-17.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 1999

ZnS 화합물은 근자외선 영역의 직접천이형 띠 간격을 갖으며 청색 발광 다이오드나 레이저의 소재로 기대되는 물질이다. 결정구조는 X선 회절무늬를 분석한 결과 zinc blonde구조임을 알 수 있었다. 격자상수는 $a_o=5.411{\AA}$이었다. ZnS단결정의 광학적 흡수, 광전류와 광발광 스펙트럼 등 광학적 특성을 조사하였다. 광학적 띠간격 에너지는 3.61eV이었고 $800^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 ZnS의 띠 간격 에너지는 광전류 측정 결과 as-grown-ZnS에 비하여 0.1eV 정도 작아짐을 알 수 었었다. 광발광 스펙트럼은 30K에서 293K까지 as-grown-ZnS와 $800^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 경우에 대하여 각각 측정되었다. As-grown ZnS단결정의 광발광 피크는 350nm, 392nm, 465nm에서 $800^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 경우 349nm, 370nm, 394nm 518nm, 572nm에서 각각 측정되었다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2007

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Al addition on the reaction behavior of cobalt with molten zinc. Pure cobalt specimen was immersion tested in the three kinds of molten zinc (pure, 0.12%Al added and 0.24%Al added) baths at $460^{\circ}C,\;490^{\circ}C\;and\;520^{\circ}C$. For the understanding of degradation processes, specimens were analyzed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), and electrochemical stripping method. When 0.12% and 0.24% Al was added in molten zinc baths, three intermetallic compounds layers of ${\gamma},\;{\gamma}_1,\;and\;{\gamma}_2$ were formed on the Co matrix and ${\beta}_1$ layer was not formed between the Co matrix and the ${\gamma}$ layer. Particles of CoAl intermetallic compound were formed at the interface between the ${\gamma}_2$ layer and zinc melt and they did not adhere to the Co-Zn intermetallic layer. Weight loss of the Co specimen increased as Al content in the molten zinc increased and the relationship of weight loss vs. immersion time followed parabolic rate law. Rate controlling process for the reaction rate of Co with Al added molten zinc was analyzed as the diffusion process of Al atom through a boundary layer between the ${\gamma}_2$ layer and the Al added zinc melt.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2001

Pyrazine 존재 하에서, Zn(NO₃)₂·존재 하에서 . Zn(NO,)7·6H₂O와 K₂HPO₄가 수열반응하여 Zn₃(PO₄)₂(H₂O) (1)실험식을 갖는 3차원 zinc-phosphate 배위 고분자가 합성되었다. 화합물 1의 구조가 IR 분광법 및 X-ray 회절법으로 규명되었다. 화합물 1의 결정학적 자자료: 단사정계 공간군 P2₁/c, a=8.750(1)Å, b=4.901(1)Å, c=16.759(3)Å, β=94.98(2)°, Z=4, R(wR₂)=0.0332(0.0927).

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.370-376
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• 1998

분무열분해된 전구체로부터 수열반응에 의해 분말 Zinc-Silicate 형광물질 합성에 대하여 연구하였다. 열분해 전구체를 사용한 수열반응의 특징은 고상반응에서의 분쇄시의 불순물의 함유를 배제하였으며, $250^{\circ}C$의 수열반응에 의해 $\alpha-Zn_2SiO_4$ 분말합성이 가능하였다.