• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.213-222
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• 2016

This study aims to establish a system for the rapid discrimination of Zoysia species using metabolite fingerprinting of FT-IR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis. Whole cell extracts from leaves of 19 identified Zoysia japonica, 6 identified Zoysia sinica, and 38 different unidentified Zoysia species were subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). PCA (principle component analysis) and PLS-DA (partial least square discriminant analysis) from FT-IR spectral data successfully divided the 25 identified turf grasses into two groups, representing good agreement with species identification using molecular markers. PC (principal component) loading values show that the $1,100{\sim}950cm^{-1}$ region of the FT-IR spectra are important for the discrimination of Zoysia species. A dendrogram based on hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) from the PCA and PLS-DA data of turf grasses showed that turf grass samples were divided into Zoysia japonica and Zoysia sinica in a species-dependent manner. PCA and PLS-DA from FT-IR spectral data of Zoysia species identified and unidentified by molecular markers successfully divided the 49 turf grasses into Z. japonica and Z. sinica. In particular, PLS-DA and the HCA dendrogram could mostly discriminate the 47 Z. japonica grasses into two groups depending on their origins (mountainous areas and island area). Considering these results, we suggest that FT-IR fingerprinting combined with multivariate analysis could be applied to discriminate between Zoysia species as well as their geographical origins of various Zoysia species.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.244.2-244.2
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• 2007

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.54.1-54.1
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• 2017

Intrinsic alignments (IA), the coherent alignment of intrinsic galaxy orientations, can be a source of a systematic error of weak lensing surveys. The redshift evolution of IA also contains information about the physics of galaxy formation and evolution. We present the first measurement of IA at high redshift, z~1.4, using the spectroscopic catalog of blue star-forming galaxies of the FastSound redshift survey, with the galaxy shape information from the Canada-Hawaii-France telescope lensing survey. The IA signal is consistent with zero with power-law amplitudes fitted to the projected correlation functions for density-shape and shape-shape correlation components, $A_{\delta+}=-0.0040\pm 0.0754$ and $A_{++}=-0.0159\pm 0.0271$, respectively. These results are consistent with those obtained from blue galaxies at lower redshifts (e.g., $A_{\delta+}=0.0035_{-0.0389}^{+0.0387}$ and $A_{++}=0.0045_{-0.0168}^{+0.0166}$ at z=0.51 from the WiggleZ survey), suggesting no strong redshift evolution of IA. The upper limit of the constrained IA amplitude corresponds to a few percent contamination to the weak-lensing shear power spectrum, resulting in systematic uncertainties on the cosmological parameter estimations by $-0.035<\Delta \sigma_8<0.026$ and $-0.025<\Delta \Omega_{\mathrm m}<0.019$.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.247-258
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• 2022

Hampyeong Bay has a narrow seawater channel and a complex topographical structure. The sand content of the tidal flat soil is increasing due to asymmetrical sedimentation. Through the investigation of the vegetation distribution and the use of the line-transect method, sand flats were observed to gradually change the vegetation distribution of salt marshes. Comparing the vegetation area between 2016 and 2022, the obligate halophyte Suaeda maritima decreased by 74% and Zoysia sinica increased by 75%. Z. sinica seems to support the robustness of the dune environment by trapping sediments such as sand in the colony, because the underground rhizomes and stems are highly developed. To establish an effective conservation management plan for tidal flats, an integrated study should be conducted to assess the impact of changes in tidal flat soil and the interaction of vegetation communities in Hampyeong Bay.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2011

This study was carried out to select salt tolerant zoysiagrass breeding lines. Eighty two native zoysiagrasses collected from S. Korea were used in this study. Saline water were prepared by mixing sea water and tap water. ECw levels of saline water treated ranged from 2 to $3dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Zoysiagrass planted in pot by sprigging were soaked into the plastic box containing saline water. Winter injury was investigated under the pot condition. Most of Z. japonica types did not show winter injury. But Z. tenuifolia type, Z. matrella type, and Z. sinica type showed winter injury under the pot condition at Cheonan area. NaCl level in soil was increased from 0% to 0.51% by treatment of saline water. Soil ECe measurement showed upto $170dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Z. tenuifolia type (Z5034), Z. matrella type ('Konhee', Z4109, 'Semill'), Z. japonica type (Z1055, Z1040, Z1008, 'Zenith', 'Millock') and medium leaf type zoysiagrass (Z6096, Z6118, Z6021, Z6074) resulted in below 30% leaf firing under the saline condition. This approach might be useful for selecting salt tolerant breeding lines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.21-21
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• 2003

Microstructure and magnetic transport phenomina in rf sputtered AlN/Co type ten-layered discontinuous films of nanoscaled [AlN (3 nm)/Co (t nm)]...$\sub$10/ with t$\sub$Co/=1.0∼2.0 nm have been investigated. The microstructure and tunneling magnetic resistance of the samples are strongly dependent on the thickness of Co layer. Negative tunneling magneto-resistance due to the spin-dependent transport has been observed along the current-in-plane configuration in the samples having the Co layers below 1.6 nm thick. When the thickness of Co layer was less than 1,2 nm, randomly oriented granular Co particles were completely isolated and embedded in amorphous AlN matrix, and the films showed the superparamagnetic behavior with a high MR value of Δ$\rho$/$\rho$$\sub$0/=1.8 %. As t$\sub$Co/ increases, a transition from the regime of co-existence of superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic behaviors to ferromagnetic behavior was observed. Tunneling barrier called "decay length for tunneling" for the films having the thickness of Co layer from 1.4 to 1.6 nm was measured to be ranged from 0.004 to 0.021 ${\AA}$$\^$-1/.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.53-71
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• 1983

Physicochemical properties of soil, mineral cyclings, production of plants, and relationship between sodium(Na) content and progresses of plant communities were studied in a coastal salt marsh in Incheon. Contents of Na, available phosphorus(A-P) and value of electric conductivity of soil decreased in order of Salicornia herbacea, Limonium tetragonum, Phragmites communis and Zoysia sinica communities, but contents of organic matter, total nitrogen(T-N) and calcium(Ca) of soil were vice versa. Specise diversity index decreased with increase of Na content of soil with correlation coefficient of -0.82. The aboveground biomass of plant communities were 2,981 g.dw/$m^2$ in P. communis, 1,471 g.dw/$m^2$ in Z. sinica, 189g.dw/$m^2$ in S. herbacea and 71 g.dw/$m^2$ L. tetragonum, respectively. Seasonal changes of contents of inorganic nutrients per unit land area coincided with those of biomass of plant communities, however, the maximum contents of K occured earlier than the maximum biomass. Amounts of inorganic nutrients absorbed by plant were directly proportion to its biomass and it was true to reverse in restored amounts of them to soil. In turnover times of nutrients of the communities, it took the shortest time for P but the longest for Ca and P. communis community took the shortest but L. tetragonum the longest. For example, in P. communis turover time of P took one year and that of Na 1,440 years. Lack of P element, therefore, was expected in this study area.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.179-185
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• 2014

We study the physical and chemical properties of the molecular clump hosting a young stellar cluster, IRAS 20160+3636, which is believed to have formed via the "collect and collapse" process. Physical parameters of the UC H II region associated with the embedded cluster are measured from the radio continuum observations. This source is found to be a typical Galactic UC H II region, with a B0.5 type exciting star, if it is ionized by a single star. We derive a CN/HCN abundance ratio larger than 1 over this region, which may suggest that this clump is being affected by the UV radiation from the H II region.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.283-291
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• 2017

Zoysiagrass has been used in Korea as a native grass. Informations on distributions, classifications, breeding efforts and outputs, current production and uses of zoysiagrasses in Korea are summarized. During past a few decades, collection of naturally growing zoysiagrass ecotypes has been continued, followed by evaluation, selection and cross-pollination. Classification efforts using important morphological, biochemical traits and DNA polymorphisms resulted in the several suggestions of grouping zoysiagrass species and varieties. Zoysia japonica consistently form separate group, while Zoysia sinica and Zoysia macrostackya have been separately or inter-mixed. Z. matrella with some variations frequently grouped separately but with some similarity with Z. tenuifolia, which was recently renamed as Z. pacifica. Hybrid types of zoysiagrasses were frequently found in Korea. New varieties such as 'Kunhee' and 'Green Ever' etc. were bred by ecotype selections, while 'Senock', 'Semil', 'Millock' were bred through pollination. Molecular approaches were also used to introduce beneficial genes into zoysiagrasses with no practical outputs by legal regulations. Currently popular varieties are inter-specific hybrid types such as 'Anyang' and other local zoysiagrasses as well as common zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) Production area in Korea was estimated as 2,947 ha with increasing problems of mixed or contaminated species and varieties.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.267-273
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• 2013

In this study, 241 zoysiagrasses (Zoysia spp.) accessions naturally growing in South Korea were collected in order to investigate the seed morphological traits. One of the goals of this study was to identify the morphological characteristics and variations of zoysiagrass seed. For the 241 zoysiagrasses accessions collected, a total of 41% (99 accessions) was interspecific hybrid zoysia, which showed various types of seed variations different from zoysiagrass species. Most of these hybrids zoysiagrasses were classified into Z. sinica type and Z. japonica type. Group I and II included Z. sinica type, this group showed 30.1 and 17.5 in number of seed per spike and 4.6 and 5.2 mm in seed length. Group III and IV included Z. japonica type, this group showed 59.2 and 45.8 in number of seed per spike and 3.3 and 3.4 mm in seed length. There is a need for additional research on growth characteristics and the molecular level for the interspecific hybridization which confirmed that genetic variation from level of gene flow between the species.