• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.696-703
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• 2008

Purpose: To Perform a randomized comparative study investigating the effects of Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise(PME) and Magnetic Stimulation Therapy(MST) and to identified the problems in each of PME & MST Method: Forty-nine patients with mild stress incontinence were randomly assigned to either of two treatment groups (24 patients in the PME group and 25 in the MST group). The PME group had a video exercising program for 40 times every day during 6 weeks. The MST group was treated with BioCon-2000TM, 2times/ week for six weeks. Pre-test and post-test were performed by Prineometer, 1-hour pad test. and Jackson's BFLUTS questionnaire of Jackson. Collected data were analysed using SAS 9.1 by frequency, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z. Chi Square-test, t-test, Fisher Exact probability test, Paired t-test, and Wilcoxon's rank sum test. Results: In comparison between before and after PME and MST, statistically significant difference was observed in maximal vaginal pressure, duration of vaginal contraction, amount of urine, and symptom of urination. In the comparison of the effectiveness between PME & MST, only the maximal of vaginal pressure (Z=2.58, p= .010) was significantly different. Conclusion: The factor more effective in the MST group than in the PME group was high compliance.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.291-305
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• 2016

In this paper, a refined shear deformation plate theory which eliminates the use of a shear correction factor was presented for FG sandwich plates composed of FG face sheets and an isotropic homogeneous core. The theory accounts for parabolic distribution of the transverse shear strains and satisfies the zero traction boundary conditions on the surfaces of the plate. The mechanical properties of the plate are assumed to vary continuously in the thickness direction by a simple power-law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. Based on the present refined shear deformation plate theory, the governing equations of equilibrium are derived from the principle of virtual displacements. Numerical illustrations concern buckling behavior of FG sandwiches plates with Metal-Ceramic composition. Parametric studies are performed for varying ceramic volume fraction, volume fraction profiles, Boundary condition, and length to thickness ratios. The accuracy of the present solutions is verified by comparing the obtained results with the existing solutions.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1999

The influence of quenching temperature and annealing time on superconducting characteristics has been investigated for a $(Pb_{0.6}V_{0.4})Sr_2(Ca_{0.65}Er_{0.35})Cu_2O_z$ compound. From the resistivity measurements for samples annealed at $400^{\circ}C$ to $860^{\circ}C$ in oxygen and subsequently quenched, it is observed that $T_c$(zero) of the sample decreases with the increase of annealing temperature up to $600^{\circ}C$ and increases again beyond $700^{\circ}C$. Annealings of the sample at $860^{\circ}C$ show that $T_c$(zero) goes through a maximum of 62K with the increase of the annealing time. It is also found that $T_c$(zero) of the sample quenched from high temperature decreases when the sample is subjected to low temperature annealing below. $600^{\circ}C$ in oxygen. The experimental results indicate that the as-prepared samples contain excessive oxygen and removal of this excessive oxygen in as-prepared samples is a key factor in controlling the superconducting properties of the samples and are discussed in connection with thermal gravimetric measurements.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2004년도 학술발표회
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• pp.957-960
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• 2004

From a water-environmental point of view, with a change of understanding and concern about vegetation, it changes that vegetation acts as stability of channel and bed, providing habitats and feed for fauna, and means improving those with appreciation of the beautiful but resistant factor to the flow So, it becomes important concern and study subjects that turbulent structure by vegetation, shear stress and transport as well as roughness and average velocity by vegetation. But from a hydraulic point of view, vegetation causes resistance to the flow and can increase the risk of flooding, Therefore, this thesis concern the flow characteristics in vegetated open channels. According to the experimental results, $z_0$ was on an average $0.4h_p$ in a vegetated open channel. So, the elevation corresponding to zero velocity in a vegetated channel was the middle of roughness element. The limit for logarithmically distributed profile over the roughness element was from $z_0$ to $0.80h_{over}$ for a vegetated channel. Among the existing theory, the method of Kouwen et al.(1969), Haber(1982), and El-Hakim and Salama(1992) except Stephan(2001) gave a very good value compared to the measured velocity profile.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제13권3_4호
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• pp.148-151
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• 2002

X-선 회절법을 이용하여 metalaxy1, C/sub15/H/sub21/NO₄의 분자 및 결정 구조를 규명하였다. 화합물의 결정학 자료 : 단사정계 공간군 P2₁/c, a=7.849(4) Å, b=13.081(5) Å, c= 15.100(3) Å, β=101.8(2)°, V=1517.6(3) Å₃, Z=4. 분자 구조는 직접법으로 풀었고 완전최소자승법으로 정밀화하여 1694(F/sub 0//sup 2/>4σ(F/sub 0//sup 2/))인 독립회절반전에 대하여 최종 신뢰도 값 R= 0.067을 얻었다. 구조 해석 결과, Cl2-Hl2A…O1의 분자 내 수소 결합을 이루고 있었다.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제13권3_4호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2002

X선 회절법을 이용하여 Tricyclazole, C/sub9/H/sub7/N₃S 분자 및 결정 구조를 규명하였다. 화합물의 결정학 자료: Orthorhombic 공간군 Pca2₁, a=14.889(1) Å, b=7.444(1) Å, c=15.189(2) Å, V=1683.3(3) ų, Z= 8분자 구조는 직접법으로 풀었고 완전최소자승법으로 정밀화하여 1533(F/sub o//sup 2/>4σ(F/sub o//sup 2/))인 독립회절반점에 대하여 최종 신뢰도값 R=0.047을 얻었다. 구조 해석 결과 두 분자가 asymmetric 단위로 구성되어 있으며 각각의 분자는 서로 거의 평형을 이루면서 b축 방향으로 유사 4-fold screw를 이루고 있었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제88권1호
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• pp.86-92
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• 1999

증발산량은 산원 수자원의 제한 요인이며, 한편으로는 임목의 생장, 분포에 관여하는 중요한 생태계의 요인으로 인식되고 있다. 식생에 의한 증산은 주로 기상학적 요인에 의하여 좌우된다. 조사 유역의 하부는 수고 8m의 소나무로 밀생되어 있으며, 상부는 생장이 불량한 소나무와 참나무류가 산생하고 있다. 1993년도 강수, 유출 조사 자료를 이용하여 증발산량을 구하고, Penman-Monteith 모델의 수관저항을 정하여, 이 모델에 의한 산림지역의 일 증발산량의 계절적 변이를 추정하고자 하였다. 연간 증발산량은 590.3mm이었으며 수관저항값은 99s/m로 결정되었다. 연간 증발산량 중에서 5월의 증발산량이 106.4mm로 가장 큰 값을 나타내며 이는 식생에 의한 수관차단 및 증산의 영향을 반영하고 있었다.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.144-148
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• 1997

단결정 X-ray 회절법을 이용하여 Bentazone, C10H12N2O3S의 결정 및 부자구조를 규명하였다. 공간군은 P21/c이며 a=9.7818(9)Å, b=9.6095(9)Å, c=13.5737(9)Å, β=97.269(1)', Z=4, V=1136.1(6) Å. 직접법으로 개략적인 분자모델을 설정하고, 1396(Fo2>4σFo2)개의 독립 회절반점에 완전행력 최소자승법으로 정밀화하여 최종신뢰도값, R=0.045인 최종적인 분자모형을 구하였다. 분자내의 Thiocarbazin ring과 Isopropyl작용기는 staggered conformation을 이루고 있으며, 수소결합에 의하여 결합된 분자들은 c-축 방향으로 교차 하면서 packing 되어 있다.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.119-123
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• 1997

[Ni(L)]I1 (1) (L:3,5,10,12-Tetramethly-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) 화합물을 합성하고 구조를 X-선 외귀법으로 규명하였다. 이 화합물은 직방정계, 공간군 Pcab, a=13.293(1) Å, b=28.550(7) Å, c=10.804(1) Å, z=8로 결정화되었다. 이 화합물의 구조는 최소 자승법으로 정밀화하였으며, 최종 신뢰도 R(Rw)값은 1851개의 회석반점에 대하여 0.043 및 0.046이였다. 이화합물의 결정구조는 약간 일그러진 반면 사각구조와 trans-III 형태를 갖는다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2009

Impact force to a body during walking depends on walking speed, walking steps, the condition of the floors and shoes, and weight. The ground reaction force and the foot pressure can be measured instantaneous force easily, but it's difficult to find out the amount of transferring forces to the body. On the other hand, the acceleration has an advantage for analyzing the amount of transferring forces. However, most of studies about impact forces to the ground reaction during exercise have been limited to analyze instantaneous forces. The important thing is to evaluate characters and the amount of the impact force rather than the magnitude. Therefore, this study analyze the impact force using 3 axis acceleration in three dimensions (x; anterior-posterior, y; left-right and z; longitudinal axis) using three axis acceleration. As working speed increased, impact forces increased significantly. Impact forces on x axis and z axis are higher at lower limb than that of upper limb. However, impact force at the knee is higher than that of other parts on y axis regardless of walking speed significantly. In addition, relations of the impact forces as interaction of experiment factors as well as effect of each factor are analyzed.