• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

The government has established a foundation activation measures across a total of 10 times to expanse job creation, promote new growth engines and enhance youth entrepreneurship for trying to spread socially. In order to improve startup activation policies and excavation, it is necessary to supplement the gaps going to construct a stable infrastructure through periodic status research on their occupational sense and entrepreneurship awareness. Since 2012, the government's has been surveyed to address the current understanding of the occupational sense and entrepreneurship awareness of population characteristics. Until 2013 only the youth were surveyed, recently from 2014 expanded its range to the public. This study laid the foundation for a more comprehensive set of analysis through which to learn and understand the differences between the status of each group for entrepreneurship awareness by utilizing survey data from the government. And this study was obtained from a survey of university students and the general public. A total of 3000 people nationwide survey was conducted about the entrepreneurship environment for start-ups and entrepreneurship awareness and success factors for a month. The University students survey result were classified according to the area, school and gender. And The general public survey was classified according to the area, the age and gender. Each response result indicates a significant difference between the students and the general public did not appear. But through this survey, This study would contribute the establishment of the national startup infrastructure.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.91-116
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• 1974

Taiwan agricultural development in the last decade has not been changed much since the accomplishment of land reform program. This is mainly due to the rapid development taken place within industry that agricultural development can not keep pace with. The increasing gap of rural-urban income discrepancy has caused socio-psychological unstability among rural people and inspire wants of out-migration. From 1961 to 1970, population of the ten largest cities showed an annual growth rate of 4.05%, while the population of the remainder of Taiwan showed 2.06%. Assuming the natural increase rate of these two population sections are similar, the difference of rural and urban annual growth rate can be at tributed to the flow of people from rural to urban sectors. The main objective of this paper is to identify the amount of agricultural out-migration and its impact on agricultural development and agricultural extension programs. Specifically, the objectives are to examine (1) rural-urban population composition (2) rural out-migration estimation (3) changes of agricultural population, and (4) implications for agricultural development and extension programs Some of the important findings are listed below; (1) The average agricultural out migration of the period 1960-1969 is estimated at around 60,000 per year. Take Tainan prefecture for example, the Male-Female Migration Ratio is 0.39 for age 20-24, 0.55 for age 25-29, 0.90 for 30-34. It is understood between age 20 and 34, the rural female migration rate is higher than the rural male. (2) Based on the population growth rate of 1950-1969, agricultural population is projected for the period of 1953 to 1989. By 1978, the agricultural population will reach its peak and begin to dedaine from 1980. The projected agricultural population in 1989 is 5,847,566 which occupies 29% of the Taiwan total population. (3) Assuming area of cultivated land keep unchanged as 905,263 ha. in 1970, and tif we can eliminate all 72% of part-time farms, then the average farm acreage for hose full-time farms will be increased to 3.6 hactares. This is unlikely to happen before 1989 without the government interference. (4) Less than 10% of adult farmer s of age 25-64 in 1969 enrolled in Farm Discussion Club, only 5% of adult farm women enrolled in Home Economics Club, and 5% of rural youth enrolled in 4-H Club. These statistics show a fact that only few farmers are reached by extension workers. Based on findings in this paper, some important suggestions are listed for future agricultural development. (1) Improve agricultural structure by decreasing agricultural population (a) Encourage farmers with less than 0.5 ha. of land to seek jobs outside of agriculture (b) Encourage joint cultivation and farm mechanization (c) Discourage rural migrants to Keep farm land (d) Provide occupational guidance program through extension education programs (2) Establish future farmers settlement project to assure rural youth have enough resources for farming. (3) An optimum Population policy should be integrated into rural socio-economic development and national development programs.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to interpret the transformation of Cooperative Groups for Agricultural Production(CGAP) with the change of the Agricultural Productive Force. The specific objectives were; 1) To investigate the change of agricultural labour-power, 2) To investigate the change of agricultural mechanization and arable land, 3) To interpret the transformation and content of CLAP. The population of farmhouseholds has decreased continuously since the late 1960s. Especially, with the move-outs of youth ages of twenties to forties, the condition of agricultural labour-power has been more serious. The processing of agricultural mechanization was a small scale step in the 1970s, but after the 1980s there was a spread of middle-large machines. However the usage rate of agricultural machines was constrained by the bad conditions of arable land. From the 1970s to now, the CGAP have bean processed by many kinds of patterns. In the 1970s, the lack of labour-power caused the creation of the Co-Working Team. After the late of 1970s, the wage of agricultural employees was raised, because the working population of agriculture was cut down. Also, the induction of agricultural machine was promoted. As a result, in the 1980s, the Machine-Using Team occurred due to these conditions of agricultural productive force. In the late of 1980s, the population decreased more rapidly, and the use of large machines were spread. Than farmhouseholds laking labour-power gave a trust to other farmhouseholds and Teams which had machines. In 1990, Given-Trust Cooperations were enacted by law, and in order to overcome the lack of labour-power, and solve the problem of the successors of agriculture, Cooperative Organizations were also enacted by law. Finally, in Korea from the 1970s to now, as the agricultural productive force has barn changed, the Co-Working Team was transformed into the Machine-Using Team, and the Machine-Using Team was transformed into the Given-Trust Cooperation, and the Cooperative Organization.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.59.2-59.2
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• 2017

변광성은 거리를 결정하기 위한 중요한 천체이며, 대표적으로 RR Lyr형 변광성을 사용하여 성단까지의 거리를 결정해왔다. 하지만 성단의 거리를 결정함에 있어 성단 구성원의 multi-population을 고려해야 한다는 의견이 최근 제시되어 왔으며, 이를 위해 RR Lyr형 외에 새로운 지표가 필요한 실정이다. 변광성 중에서 ${\delta}$ Sct와 SX Phe형의 경우 짧은 변광 주기를 가지기 때문에, RR Lyr형을 대신할 새로운 지표로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국립고흥청소년우주체험센터(NYSC)에서 주최하는 천문실습 과정에 참여하여 각각 2개의 ${\delta}$ Sct와 SX Phe 형 변광성을 NYSC 1m 망원경을 사용하여 관측하였다. 실습과정에서 진행된 관측 및 자료처리 과정에 대한 검증을 위해, 관측 대상의 광도곡선을 얻고 문헌의 결과와 비교하고자 한다.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.358-365
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with the intention to quit smoking in community-dwelling elderly smokers. Methods: From the database of the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-IV), the researchers selected 448 elderly smokers over the age of 65. Data were analyzed with the $x^2$ test and multiple logistic regression using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: Of the respondents, 45.5% intended to quit. The factors associated with the intention to quit were relative youth, having limit of activity day living and having past attempts to quit. Conclusion: Population-based smoking cessation programs, especially those targeted at the elderly, should take these predictors into consideration in the design of interventions.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.88-99
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• 2019

Objectives: With increasing concerns for the rapidly growing minority population in South Korea, this literature review addressed a range of mental health risks among multiethnic youths (MY) in South Korea by 1) comparing mental health outcomes with those of native-born youths and 2) identifying multiple layers of relevant environmental factors, from family and school relationships to culture. Methods: We reviewed 54 studies that fulfilled specific inclusion criteria. Results: Multiple common risk/protective factors, including family separation, family relationship quality, parental socioeconomic and mental health status, social relationships at school, and cultural acceptance, were noted. Conclusion: In general, empirical evidence indicates that minority youths have relatively heightened risks for emotional and behavioral problems. Future studies must elucidate the complex interplay between multiple risk and protective factors and the long-term adaptation and mental health service utilization of MY.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.657-663
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• 2021

The main purpose of the study is to analyze the information aspects of the impact of COVID-19 on the labor market in the EU and Ukraine. In addition to studying the key parameters of changes in the labor market under the influence of COVID-19, i.e. the unemployment rate and the share of the employed population, a thorough study of gender equality, labor migration and the impact on youth made it possible to characterize the effectiveness of the policy of stabilization and restoration of the labor market in the EU and Ukraine. The results obtained form the necessary information basis for modeling labor market regulation in the event of possible subsequent disturbances, in particular under the influence of global pandemics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.573-585
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• 1996

This study of counter-culture - the cultural background of the Jean Fashion of which express the consciousness and youthfulness of young - shows the various social, cultural developments and the direction of growth for the Jean industry Until now, the fashion trends flowed from the elite, upper-class minority to the general public : however, in the case of the Jean Fashion, it has spread inversely to the upper-class from the young people who have adopted the life-styles of the lower, middle class, working people. With the emphasis on Jean Fashion's establishment through and within a counter- culture influences, the first chapter explores the counter-culture's background theory and how fashion has metamorphisized within the counter-culture. The second chapter explores the image of the jeans within the society of the youth and the general public. Finally in the fourth chapter, this study divides the images of Jean Fashion within the youth and the general population into classifications of Feminism, Eroticism, Dismantlementation. Thus, 1 came to the conclusion that the above stated theories have had great influence on the Jean Fashion Industry. The conclusion of this study are as follows: 1 Jeans are the representative article of clothing of unisex appeal which is the core characteristic of Feminism. Feminism, which surfaced coincidentally with the emergence of jeans in the 1850s, took charge of expressing the freedoms and the wills of women. 2. Jeans, being the representative article of Eroticism, have firmly entrenched its image in the young people's wardrobe through mass media such as movies, $\mu$ic, and commercials. 3. In the 90s the tendencies of Defacement and Dismantlementation of Jeans developed. In the Dismantlement tendencies of colors, the color blue foretells of the century's coming to an end, and blue also expresses the superiority of spirit and intelligence which transcends materialism.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2017

Centered on Kathleen Kye, a designer who conveyed messages on social issues through her dresses, and established her own identity, this study aimed to examine what theme, method of expression and inner meaning her 'statement' had, as a way of expressing a critical awareness. After reviewing discussions by Duggan G. G. as well as dictionary definitions, statement fashion design can be defined as a work or fashion shows containing a message of a designer who is free from a particular trend or consumerism in various social issues. Statement fashion designers give opposing messages on social issues through their fashion collections. As a result, research shows that contemporary statement fashion designers are expressing themes of a fashion systems, fetishism, body image, collision, environment, as well as the socially disadvantaged by appropriation, reuse, slogan, metaphorical pattern and performance. Satire, awakening, challenge and support can be derived from the inner meaning of contemporary statement fashion design. In terms of the theme, method of expression and inner meaning, this study showed that KYE collection of the designer Kathleen Kye expresses critical awareness on the modern society. Research findings reveal that KYE collection include the following themes: long-term youth unemployment, conflict collision in war or on the Internet, fetishism by youth in a get-rich-quick fever, environmental issue causing destruction of an ecosystem by decrease in bee population, school violence and the socially disadvantaged related to alienated immigrants. Also, as a method of expression themes, such as metaphorical patterns, were used. The patterns used images including a skeleton, gun, heart, rope, plaster, homeless box, bee, honeycomb, chain and a slot machine. On the other hand, the inner meaning of statement in KYE collection showed satire on social issues, awakening on social issues unrecognized by the masses, and support for the socially disadvantaged.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.49-56
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• 2013

The goal of this research is to explore quantitative and residential features and spatial patterns of two-person households to suggest policy implications for housing supply and development in Seoul. Major findings of this study are as follows. First, the number of two-person households has increased rapidly mainly due to the growth of the elderly and single-parent households. They are mainly composed of the elderly over 60s and the youth of 30s of householder age. They are less likely to have well-paying jobs, and thus more likely to suffer from poverty. They are also inclined to live in rental and small-sized residential units and spatial segregation between the youth and the elderly became serious. In addition, their residential area can be classified into four types: area adjacent to employment centers, hinterland of urban centers, affordable multi-family housing area and redeveloped apartment area. It is necessary to change the current housing policy directions to take changing population and household structure into consideration. Also, diversified housing strategies and programs should be prepared to consider various household types and their needs and demands. Place-based strategies for housing supply and development are needed in consideration of spatial patterns and locational attributes of two-person households. Attention needs to be paid to resolving the social issue of residential segregation between different generations.