• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2009

정수장에서 사용되고 있는 원형 물탱크내의 물은 잔류염소농도 0.1 mg/L 이상을 유지하여야 한다. 일반적으로 잔류염소 농도는 물탱크의 구조, 크기 그리고 물의 유량에 따라 다르다. 잔류염소농도는 염소의 확산시간을 최대한 확보하는 것이 가장 중요하며, 그것을 위하여 일반적으로 원형 물탱크내의 격벽을 설치한다. 본 연구에서는 수치해석을 이용한 유동해석을 수행하여 물과 염소의 농도분포를 구하였다. 유동해석 결과 격벽사이에서 유동내 와류가 발생하였으며, 격벽의 수가 증가할수록 염소가 물에 확산되는 시간을 확보할 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2016

Color plan that contains corporate color of Seoul apartment has a great influence on city environment, considering high-rise vertical dispersion and extent. Therefore, it is necessary to view color plan from an integrative viewpoint. Here, this research aimed at deriving guideline factors of esthetic color plan based on city identity, by recognizing the importance of apartment color and color plan characteristic of recently built brand apartments. Exterior color plan characteristic of Seoul brand apartments seen in this research, first, most of dominance colors were in same color similar tone with warm color in bright and warm image, as the psychological function, accessory colors appeared in similar tone of similar color harmonious with the dominance color. Also, accent color was highlighted with its identity through cooperative color. Second, emotional effect diminished size and weight of high-rise apartment. The upper levels showed clear and clean image, middle to lower level showed stability and comfortable image, on the whole, refined and urbane image that aim for natural and modern image. Therefore, apartment color plan requires, first, in respect of dominance color, unity is required proper for urban image by preparing color permission limitation standard. Second, dominance color and accessory color require historicity and differentiation in sociality that urban identity gets. Third, high-rise upper level cooperative color accent color requires compatibility with urban landscape. Lastly, guideline along with rate is required for color, tone, and pattern, etc. by extent contrast. Here, apartment color plan requires consistent research as urban environment color, also, base study should be accelerated as a part of competitive city branding.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.239-248
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of NK1 receptor antagonists on the pulpal blood flow (PBF) when applied iontophoretically through the dentinal cavity of the teeth in order to understand whether iontophoretically applied NK1 receptor antagonists can control the pulpal inflammation. Eleven cats were anesthetized with alpha-chloralose and urethane, and substance P (SP) was administered to the dental pulp through the catheterized lingual artery in doses that caused PBF change without the influence of systemic blood pressure. NK1 receptor antagonists were applied iontophoretically to the prepared dentinal cavity of ipsilateral canine teeth of the drug administration, and PBF was monitored. Data were analyzed statistically with paired t-test. PBF increase after iontophoretic application of the NK1 receptor antagonists followed by the intra-arterial administration of SP was significantly less than PBF increase after iontophoretic application of the 0.9% saline followed by the intra-arterial administration of SP as a control (p < 0.05). Iontophoretic application of the NK1 receptor antagonists (0.2~3.4 mM) following the intra-arterial administration of SP resulted in less increase of PBF than the iontophoretic application of the 0.9% saline following the intra-arterial administration of SP as a control (p < 0.05). Therefore. the results of the present study provide evidences that the iontophoretic application is an effective method to deliver drugs to the dental pulp. and that iontophoretically applied NK1 receptor antagonists block SP-induced vasodilation effectively. The above results show the possibility that the iontophoretical application of NK1 receptor antagonists can control the neurogenic inflammation in the dental pulp.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.940-951
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• 2014

본 연구는 요양병원의 간호 인력의 간호행위 수행 실태를 파악한 조사연구이다. 연구 자료는 설문지를 이용하여 15곳의 요양병원에 근무하는 131명의 간호사를 대상으로 2013년 3월 7일부터 6월 30일까지 수집하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 17.0프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계 및 t-test, ANOVA를 시행하였다. '간호진단하기', '간호목표 설정하기', '환자평가표 작성'을 제외한 88항목의 간호행위를 다양한 범위 내에서 간호사와 간호조무사가 함께 수행하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 기관의 총 환자 수와 간호사 수에 따라 간호조무사의 간호업무 수행정도는 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.001). 따라서 요양병원의 간호업무 중 위임할 수 있는 업무와 위임할 수 없는 업무를 분류하고, 위임에 대한 알고리즘 개발이 필요하며, 위임에 대한 법적, 제도적 규정을 마련할 필요가 있다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.240-244
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• 2011

The high cost of crystalline silicon solar cells has been considered as one of the major obstacles to their terrestrial applications. Spin on doping (SOD) is presented as a useful process for the manufacturing of low cost solar cells. Phosphorus (P509) was used as an n-type emitters of solar cells. N-type emitters were formed on p-type EFG ribbon Si wafers by using a SOD at different spin speed (1,000~4,000 rpm), diffusion temperatures ($800^{\circ}C{\sim}950^{\circ}C$), and diffusion time (5~30 min) in $N_2+O_2$ atmosphere. With optimum condition, we were able to achieve cell efficiency of 14.1%.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.345-355
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• 2007

장대레일은 동절기에 기온하강으로 인한 인장력을 발생하는데 중위온도 이하로 떨어져 파단이 발생되면 인장파단과 레일 간에 틈이 발생되며 이를 개구부라 한다. 이 개구부를 차륜이 통과하면 충격하중이 발생하며, 큰 손실이 발생할 수 있는 열차탈선이 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 동적해석을 위해 개구부를 가진 궤도와 차량의 상호작용을 고려한 동적해석모델을 제안하였다. 궤도와 차량의 선형시스템은 비선형 헤르찌안 접촉 스프링에 의해 연성되었으며 전체 궤도-차량 시스템 운동방정식을 정식화하였다. 그리고 개구부에서의 상호작용 현상을 고려하여 궤도 불균일부의 함수를 정의하고 개구부에서의 전후방 레일 사이의 개구량을 고려하였다. 비선형 방정식을 풀기위해 동적해석은 수정된 Newton-Raphson 방법에 근거한 Newmark - $\beta$ 방법에 의해 수행되었다. 그리고 차량속도, 개구량, 레일지지강성에 따른 매개변수를 조건으로 수치해석을 수행하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2012

The characteristics of decoction water are important for the extraction of herbal drugs. In this study, the relationship between the characteristics of water and extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds from Corydalis tuber was investigated. Six different types of decoction water, including three types of mineral water from Jeju Island and three types of bottled water sold in market, were used as decoction water for the extraction of bioactive compounds from Corydalis tuber. The contents of minerals in six types of water were analyzed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS; the contents of extracted bioactive compounds were analyzed by HPLC. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in total extraction and bioactive compounds extracted with six types of water. Multiple factor analysis was used to analyze the relationship among the pH, content of mineral, anion, total extractions and content of bioactive components as factors. There was a significant difference among the six types of water in the total extracts and the bioactive compounds. The results proved that the content of extracted compounds from Corydalis tuber was influenced by the types of decoction water.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.457-466
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• 2020

Introduction: This study aimed to report on the effectiveness of using Korean medicine to improve symptoms of mitral stenosis. While some patients that do not require surgery due to mild mitral stenosis are treated with medication, the medication does not always alleviate the symptoms. Thus, we administered Korean medicine treatments to those patients because there are not many case reports on using this approach to treat symptoms of mitral stenosis. Case Presentation: A 48-year-old male patient with mitral stenosis complained of symptoms, such as palpitation, dyspnea, chest pain, fatigue, and swelling in both legs. To reduce the patient's symptoms, we administered Korean medical treatments, including herbal medicine (Samulanshin-tang-gamibang) and acupuncture. To evaluate the results, we used the numeric rating scale (NRS) and the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification. After 17 days of treatment, the NRS score decreased for palpitation (8→2), dyspnea (8→1), chest pain (5→0), fatigue (96→2), and swelling in both legs (6→2). The NYHA class also changed from Class II to Class I. No adverse reaction was noted. Conclusion: According to the results, Korean medicine treatments can be considered to be effective for mitral stenosis patients. To confirm this finding, a prospective study is needed in the future.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권9호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2020

NB4 cell, the human acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line, was treated with various concentrations of arsenic trioxide (ATO) to induce apoptosis, measured by staining with 7-amino-actinomycin D (7-AAD) by flow cytometry. 2', 7'-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein-diacetate (DCF-DA) and MitoSOX™ Red mitochondrial superoxide indicator were used to detect intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). The steady-state level of SO₂ (Cysteine sulfinic acid, Cys-SO₂H) form for peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) was measured by a western blot. To evaluate the effect of sulfiredoxin 1 depletion, NB4 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA and analyzed for their influence on ROS, redox enzymes, and apoptosis. The mitochondrial ROS of NB4 cells significantly increased after ATO treatment. NB4 cell apoptosis after ATO treatment increased in a time-dependent manner. Increased SO₂ form and dimeric PRX3 were observed as a hyperoxidation reaction in NB4 cells post-ATO treatment, in concordance with mitochondrial ROS accumulation. Sulfiredoxin 1 expression is downregulated by small interfering RNA transfection, which potentiated mitochondrial ROS generation and cell growth arrest in ATO-treated NB4 cells. Our results indicate that ATO-induced ROS generation in APL cell mitochondria is attributable to PRX3 hyperoxidation as well as dimerized PRX3 accumulation, subsequently triggering apoptosis. The downregulation of sulfiredoxin 1 could amplify apoptosis in ATO-treated APL cells.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.124-136
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• 2009

This study was focused on classifying lower-body trunk and revealing the lower-body characteristics of the Chinese males in their 20s through 40s for their slacks pattern design. Compared with the 20s, the subjects in their 30s and 40s had small vertical and big horizontal sizes and showed a somatotype difference through a horizontal change. According to the size of absolute values, the lower body of Chinese men was "tall and normal trunk"(43.9%). Based on the shape of index values, Type 3(40.3%) was representative with average hip-surface length, waist-hip width difference and long upper hip. While Type 3 was seen a lot in the 20s(51.8%), 30s and 40s were each represented by Type 2(47.1%) with the smallest waist-hip width difference, average upper hip, and long hip-surface length and Type 1(45.9%) with small waist-hip width difference, average upper hip, and short hip-surface length. As this study is confined to Ningbo City of Zhejiang Province and has a small number of subjects, the generalization of the findings should be more serious. Further research will be centered on the development of slacks patterns in consideration of the body type changes.