• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.285-290
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• 2011

Due to the ageing-related degradation in physical and cognitive abilities, the elderly have difficulty in car driving and this is related to the high rate of car accidents among them. This study investigated the kinematic characteristics of old drivers' steering in right turning at intersections by comparing with young drivers. Thirteen old(60~70) and thirteen young(20~30) drivers who participated in the experiment turned their cars right side at intersections in a driving simulator. As results, the completion time of right turning at intersection of old drivers was larger than that of young drivers. The speeds of vehicle at the beginning and ending point of the right turning area of old drivers were smaller than those of young drivers, and also the steering angle at the ending point of the turning area of the former was smaller than that of the latter. The normalized jerk of old driver's steering was significantly larger than that of young drivers. These results indicate that old drivers modify their steering movement repeatedly and take the driving strategy of avoiding risks due to their reduced physical capabilities.

• 감성과학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.115-132
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• 2017

본 연구는 운전자 연령대와 뇌손상 여부에 따라 다양한 반응시간 과제에서의 반응시간과 반응정확성에서 어떠한 차별성이 있는지 살펴볼 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 30-50대의 중년운전자, 65세 고령운전자, 그리고 65세 이상의 뇌졸중 고령운전자들을 대상으로 단순반응, 2-선택반응, 자극 이심률을 달리한 4-선택반응, 탐색반응 및 동적자극 탐지 과제에 대한 수행을 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전반적으로 중년, 고령 및 뇌졸중 고령운전자 순으로 느린 반응시간을 보였으나 자극 이심률이 작은 조건($5^{\circ}$)에 비해 큰 조건($10^{\circ}$)에서 뇌졸중 고령운전자의 반응시간이 다른 집단에 비해 더 두드러지게 지연되었다. 둘째, 전체 반응시간에서 단순 반응시간을 감산한 반응시간을 분석한 결과, 2-선택반응 과제와 동적자극 탐지과제에서의 집단간 반응시간 차이는 유의하지 않았는데, 이것은 이러한 과제들에서의 반응시간 차이가 단순 반응시간에 의해 주로 결정된다는 것을 시사한다. 셋째, 일시적 기억을 요구하는 탐색과제에서는 두 고령운전자 집단이 중년운전자 집단에 비해 유의하게 느리고 부정확한 수행을 보였다. 넷째, 집단간 반응정확성에서의 차이는 선택 대안이 많은 과제와 기억을 요구하는 과제에서 두드러졌다. 이러한 결과는 기억 요구를 수반하는 탐색과제는 중년과 고령운전자 사이의 수행을, 반면 자극 이심률 조건은 뇌졸중 여부에 따른 고령운전자 집단에서의 수행 차이를 민감하게 반영할 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.121-122
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• 2012

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.148-161
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• 2018

A traffic fatality by young people marked average annual decrease of 4.5% since 2011. Meanwhile, a traffic fatality by senior over 65 years old marked average annual increase of 7.9% for the last five years which means that the annual increase of traffic fatality by senior will be a serious problem. This study started questioning that senior drivers over 65 years old did not retain the same causal factor of fatal traffic accidents and thus extensively analyzed a risk of it by age group quantitatively, dividing the senior driver group into the early, middle and latter stages. Depending on the aging level, the risk of traffic fatality showed a wide difference in seven different types of traffic accidents generally, and happened to increase with latter and middle parts of the senior driver more than the early part. Therefore, this study proposes four policy suggestions: 1) The senior driver need to be offered customized driving educations and the improvement of road environment is also recommended. 2) Political assistance is needed to support and guide a safety related technology installation for the new or existing car. 3) Renewal of driving license and an aptitude test(physical examination, cognitive test) for drivers over 75 years old should take in a less than 3 years and an additional road test is needed as occasion demands. 4) Like the United States and Europe, development and extension of customized treatment guidebook for medical teams who examine senior drivers is needed and establishment of education and administration system that a supervisor of driving license renewal can impose safety restriction and American anonymity reporting system is considered to institutionalize in the medium to longer term.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to provide information on driving characteristics in persons with spinal cord injury through basic statistic analysis of the survey results. The survey was administered to 44 drivers with spinal cord injury. The subjects' general, neurologic and driving characteristics were analyzed, as well as the degree of difficulty in using their vehicles between tetraplegia and paraplegia. The results were as follows: thirty-five (79.6%) of forty-four respondents was men. The average age was 35.0 years old and the age at the time of injury was 29.0 years old. Their neurologic characteristics were tetraplegics 12 (27.3%) and paraplegics 32 (72.2%). Among complete lesions, the highest level those who could drive independently was C7. All the vehicles were equipped with special devices, including "power steering", "automatic transmission" and "hand controls". The vehicles for cervical cord injury were equipped with "grip bars" as well as for the degree of difficulty in using their vehicles, all the subjects felt that "moving the wheelchair in and out of their vehicles" was too difficult for them to do. We suggest that the driver training should be an essential part of the rehabilitation program for patients with spinal cord injuries to maximize their mobility in the community. This training seems to be essential in order to modify the standards of the Handicapped Drivers Ability Test and to aid the driver rehabilitation program in the health insurance payment system. Also, the driver rehabilitation training program should include instruction in that moving wheelchairs in and out of vehicles.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2010

The objective of this paper is to study the usability of the ingress/egress of elderly people, and analyze the physiological workload electromyography (EMG). We investigated the factors of discomfort while the elderly people are using the ingress/egress. Experiments were performed using a seating buck with 22 elderly participants (over 65 years old). The results showed that different muscles are activated during ingress and egress. A system called "easy access" was found which helps to access easily when a driver gets into a car. The current easy access was compared a newly proposed one. It was found that elderly people use less muscle during in/egress in the new easy access system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3377-3380
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• 2016

The proportion of lung cancer patients under 50 years old is small at approximately 5-10%, but as with patients older than 50, the number is on the rise. Although lung cancer treatment strategies have undergone extensive transformation in recent years based on the presence or absence of oncogenic driver mutations, there are few reports regarding these mutations in the young or the relationship between clinical setting and prognosis. Therefore, we conducted a study of clinical features in 36 patients under the age of 50 who were diagnosed with primary lung cancer from October 2008 to November 2015. The 22 patients in stages I through III A underwent operations, and all 17 whose lung cancer were detected through screening were candidates for surgery. Gene analysis was conducted for 26 (72.2%); 10 (38.5%) were positive for EGFR gene mutations, and ALK gene translocation was present in 4 (15.4%). In stage IV patients, the median progression free survival (PFS) in the ALK translocation positive and negative patients was 518 days and 130 days, respectively, and the median overall survival (OS) was not reached and 280 days, respectively. A trend toward extended PFS (p=0.203) and OS (p=0.056) was observed in patients positive for ALK translocation. We must strive for early detection by increasing screening rates and evaluate oncogenic driver mutations important for prognosis of lung cancer in the young.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2018

고령운전자의 운전행동은 신체적 및 인지적 기능의 저하로 돌발 상황이나 시내주행에서 안전운전에 취약하다고 보고되고 있다. 본 연구는 성인 자가운전자를 대상으로 연령대에 따라서 운전행동양상에 차이가 있는지 알아보고 정상적인 노화로 인하여 발생하는 운전에 관한 신체적 기능변화를 제언하기 위함이었다. 연구 참여자는 운전면허를 소지하고 실제로 자가운전을 하는 75명(20세-39세 21명, 40-64세 40명, 65세 14명)을 대상으로 하였다. 연구 참여자는 자기-기입 설문지를 통하여 성별, 우세 손, 약물복용 여부, 운동 여부, 연령 및 운전 기간을 응답하였다. 또한 조용한 운전능력 실험실에서 운전운동평가 기기를 통하여 조향, 가속 및 제어 등의 운전운동평가를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 파워검사는 연령대에 따라서 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 타이머검사 및 응급제어검사의 총 시간은 연령에 따라 유의미하게 차이가 있으며, 20세~39세에서 가장 빠르고, 65세 이상의 노인에서 가장 느리게 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 정상적인 노화는 고령 운전자의 운전행동양상과 연관된 지각-인지과정에 영향을 미친다고 제언하는 바이다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.909-918
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• 2020

This study, not only investigates the important role of lifelong learning in shaping young people's knowledge and in maximizing their potential, but also aims to shed light on the influencing factors of lifelong learning of young people in Vietnam. The author applied STATA and SPSS to analyze quantitative data collected from questionnaires with 332 respondents aged between 19 years old and 24 years old. Based on a holistic review of literature, this study concludes that four driver factors affect young people's lifelong learning ability, comprising: organizational culture, motivation, human resource development, and domestic private type of enterprise. The results emphasize the positivity of organizational culture, human resource development, and the nature of work, especially organizational culture and human resource development, which are dominant reasons for young people to maintain lifelong learning. The relationship between demographics and lifelong learning was tested and it indicated that male has a stronger interest in learning than female. The result of the study also shows the impact of different types of business sectors on employees' learning intentions. It points out that the domestic private type of enterprise is the most effective factor that has a positive relationship with the lifelong learning of the individual.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.100-111
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• 2015

주요국에서는 증가하는 노인운전자의 교통사고 경감을 위해 연령별 자동차 사고 위험도를 분석한 후, 위험도가 높은 고령자의 교통사고를 경감하기 위한 다양한 제도를 시행하고 있다. 최근 우리나라 교통사고는 감소하고 있지만 65세 노인운전자의 교통사고는 빠르게 증가하고 있음에도 불구하고 노인운전자의 자동차사고 위험도에 대한 실증연구가 부재하고, 관련제도 개선이 이루어지지 않고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우리나라 운전자들의 연령별 자동차사고 위험도를 분석하였는데, 25세 미만 연령층을 제외하고 65세 이상 노인운전자의 자동차사고 위험도가 가장 높은 것으로 분석되어졌다. 세계에서 가장 빠른 인구고령화를 경험하고 있는 우리나라에서도 주요국처럼 노인운전자에 대한 운전교육 및 운전면허 재발급 자격을 강화할 필요가 있겠다. 또한 노인운전자를 배려한 도로표지판 개선과 노인운전차량 스티커 부여, 그리고 자가운전 대신 대중교통을 운전하는 노인들에 대해 인센티브를 제공하는 유인체계의 변화가 필요하다.