• 한국가금학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 1983

밀감피 건조분말의 부러일러에 대한 사료가치를 규명하기 위하여 밀감 가공공장에서 박피된 밀감피를 수거한 후 일광건조 및 분쇄하여 밀감피 건조분말을 제조하였다. 또한 밀감피 건조분말의 일반성분, 아미노산 함양 및 광물질 함양을 분석하였다. 부로일러 전용종인 Maniker 초생추 암컷 192수를 12수씩 16개군으로 나누어 밀기울을 대치한 밀감피 건조분말의 수준을 0, 2. 4 및 6%의 4개 처리 4반복으로 완전임의배치하여 6주간 사양시험을 실시하였으며 사양시험 종료시 전 공시추에 대하여 개체별로 정강이 착색도를 조사하였는 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 부로일러의 증체량, 사료섭취량 및 사료효율에 있어서 밀감피 건조분말의 급여수준에 따른 통계적인 유의차는 없었다. 2: 부로일러의 정강이 착색도는 밀감피 건조분말의 첨가수준이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다(P＜0.05). 이상의 시험결과에 의하면 부로일러사료에 밀기울을 대치하여 밀감피 건조분말을 6% 수준까지 사용할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.243-250
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• 2009

Maturation and spawning of the jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus was investigated based on the samples captured in the coastal waters around Jeju Island from January 2007 to December 2008. Gonadosomatic index began to increase in March, and reached a maximum between April to June. After spawning it began to decrease from August. Reproductive season was estimated to March-July, with peak in April. Fecundity was proportional to the size of the female, with the clutch size varying from 33,493 eggs in the smallest female(FL=27.0cm) to 627,061 eggs in the largest(FL=40.6cm). Size at 50% sexual maturity(FL50), determined from mature females, was 26.6cm FL. Annual reproductive cycles of this species could be divided into six successive stages; immature stage(September-December), nucleolus stage(January-February), yolk vesicle stage(February-March), vitellogenic stage(March-April), ripe stage(April-July) and spent stage(July-September).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1457-1463
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• 2005

In this research, the possibilities of using canola meal (CM) in place of soybean meal (SBM), and also the effects of multi-enzyme and phytase supplementation on the performance of quails were investigated. For this purpose, soybean meal (44% CP), canola meal (37% CP), phytase (produced from Peniophora luci) and multi-enzyme ($\beta$-glucanases, pectinases, cellulases and hemicellulases) were used. CM was used supplying 0, 25 and 50% of CP from SBM and each of the phytase and multi-enzyme blends were added to the each level. This study was conducted with 675 day old quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) in 9 groups with 3 replicates including 25 birds (mixed sex) per replicate. Nine isocalaric and isonitrogenous diets were prepared. The effects of enzymes and CM levels were studied with a 3${\times}$3${\times}$3 factorial arrangement for three CM levels (0, 25 and 50%), three treatments (without enzyme, phytase enzyme and multi-enzyme) and three replicates. While the 25% CM level did not affect the liveweight gain 50% CM level decreased the liveweight gain (p<0.05). Multi-enzyme addition to the 50% CM group increased the liveweight gain compared to the other groups (p<0.05). CM levels and enzyme supplementation had no effect on feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, viability, tibia ash content, Ca and P contents of tibia ash, viscera weight, gizzard weight and length of growth period. While heart weight and liver weight were not affected by CM levels, but they were affected by enzyme supplementation. CM levels and enzyme supplementation did not affect final liveweight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, egg yield, egg weight, shell weight and shell index during laying period. The increase in the CM level lightened the colour of the yolk (p<0.05).

• 농업과학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.314-356
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• 1982

산란계(産卵鷄)의 주요(主要) 경제형질(經濟形質)의 효율적(效率的)인 개량(改良)을 위(爲)하여 지금까지는 체중(體重), 초산일령(初産日令), 산란계(産卵鷄) 및 난중(卵重)을 기초(基礎)로 하여 선발(選拔)하여 왔으나, 실제(實際) 가식부분(可食部分)은 난황(卵黃) 및 난백(卵白)이므로 이들에 대한 유전적(遺傳的) 모수(母數)를 추정(推定)하여 난황(卵黃) 및 난백(卵白)의 중량(重量)을 선발지수(選拔指數) 추정(推定)에 이용(利用)하므로서 선발(選拔)의 정확도(正確度)를 높일 수 있는 가능성(可能性)을 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 본(本) 연구(硏究)를 실시(實施)하였다. 공시계(供試鷄)는 국립종축장(國立種畜場) 대전지장(大田支場)에서 폐쇄군(閉鎖郡) 육종방법(育種方法)에 의(依)해서 개량(改良)되어온 S. C. W. Leghorn종(種) 351수(首)와 R. I. Red종(種) 326수(首)가 사용(使用)되었고, 난구성분(卵構成分)은 총(總) 6,097개(個)가 조사(調査)되었으며, 각(各) 형질(形質)들은 1979년(年) 3월(月) 1일(日)부터 500일간(日間) 조사(調査) 분석(分析)되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2000

난소의 내부는 결체성 조직인 다수의 난소박판으로 구성되며, 이곳에서 난원세포가 유래한다 정소조직상은 정세관 형태이며, 각각의 정세관은 여러 개의 소낭구조를 가진다. 각 소낭내의 생식 세포들은 같은 단계의 발달상태를 보인다. 군 성숙도에 도달하는 크기는 암${cdot}$수 모두 전장 4.5 cm이다. 암컷의 GSI는 6월에 가장 높은 값을 나타냈으며, 수컷의 GSI는 7월에 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다. 생식주기는 성장기 ($1{\~}3$월), 성숙기 ($4{\~}5$월), 완숙 및 산란기 ($6{\~}7$월) 그리고 회복 및 휴지기 ($8{\~}12$월)로 나눌 수 있었다. 난모세포 발달양식은 난군동기발달형에 속하며, 초기 성장기 난모세포의 세포질에서 난황핵이 관찰되었다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2018

In order to examine the effects of four different light spectra (white, red, green, and blue) on the oocyte maturation, the change of reproductive parameters, via brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) axis in grass puffer, were investigated. After exposure four different light spectra for 7 weeks, the abundance of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) mRNA which is a type of seabream (sbGnRH) and two different subunit of gonadotropin hormones mRNAs, follicle-stimulating hormone ($fsh{\beta}$) mRNA and luteinizing hormone ($lh{\beta}$) mRNA, were analyzed in the brain and pituitary. Histological analysis showed that the mature oocyte ratio in the green spectrum was higher than other light spectra-exposed groups. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and oocyte developmental stage were also investigated in the gonad based on histological observations. GSI value with the presence of yolk stage oocytes was significantly increased in the green spectrum-exposed group when compared to that of the other light-exposed groups (white, red, and blue) (p<0.05). The abundances of sbGnRH mRNA and $fsh{\beta}$ mRNA in the green spectrum-exposed group were also significant higher than those of the other light spectra-exposed groups (p<0.05). These results indicate that the maturation of oocyte in grass puffer can be accelerated by exposure to the spectrum of green. To better understand the molecular mechanism for the maturation of oocyte in grass puffer, further study examining the relationship between oocyte development and its related genes is required.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.320-328
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• 2007

Maturation and spawning of the Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus was investigated based on the samples captured in East Sea of Korea from April 2006 to July 2007. Gonadosomatic index began to increase in November, and reached maximum between December and January. After spawning it began to decrease from March. Reproductive season was estimated to November-February, with peak in January. Fecundity was proportional to the size of the female, with the clutch size varying from 753,985 eggs in the smallest female(TL＝58.6cm) to 9,311,520 eggs in the largest(TL＝101.0cm). Size at 50% sexual maturity(TL50%) determined from mature females was 56.3cm of TL. Annual reproductive cycles of this species could be divided into six successive stages; immature stage(March-September), nucleolus stage(September-October), yolk vesicle stage(October-November), vitellogenic stage (November-December), ripe stage and spent stage(December-February).

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of various washing waters on the quality and safety characteristics of eggs during storage. Eggs were washed with tap water, 100 ppm of sodium hypochlorite, or 30 ppm of slightly acidic electrolyzed water and stored at $10^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$. Effects of various washing waters on reduction of Salmonella Enteritidis and aerobic plate counts and survival of S. Enteritidis on egg shells were also analyzed at $10^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$ for 25 days. As an index of quality, haugh unit, weight reduction, and pHs of egg white and egg yolk were measured. Reduction percentages of haugh unit and weight were higher at $20^{\circ}C$ than at $10^{\circ}C$. Egg qualities were less affected by tap water, slightly acidic electrolyzed water, and sodium hypochlorite, regardless of storage temperature. The greatest reductions in aerobic plate counts and S. Enteritidis were observed with slightly acidic electrolyzed water. The level of S. Enteritidis on egg shells gradually decreased during 20 days of storage at both $10^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$, whereas S. Enteritidis survived longer at $20^{\circ}C$ than at $10^{\circ}C$. S. Enteritidis was not detected in eggs at $10^{\circ}C$, 2.13 log CFU/g of S. Enteritidis was detected in eggs washed with sodium hypochlorite after 20 days of storage at $20^{\circ}C$, indicating that S. Enteritidis penetrated into the egg shell during storage at $20^{\circ}C$. In conclusion, slightly acidic electrolyzed water increased microbial reduction and least affected quality of washed eggs. Thus, slightly acidic electrolyzed water can be recommended for washing of graded eggs, at retail markets.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of serum folate (vitamin B9), cobalamin (vitamin B12) levels and diet with semen parameters (semen standard parameters [SSP] and DNA fragmentation index [DFI]) in infertile men. Methods: Sperm samples were assessed for SSP and DFI (using the sperm chromatin dispersion test). Serum vitamin concentrations were measured with an immuno-electrochemiluminescence assay, and men completed a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Results: Serum folate levels were positively correlated with sperm progressive motility and DFI. A comparison of SSP between two groups of patients according to serum folate concentration (B9 <4.840 ng/mL and B9 ≥4.840 ng/mL) showed significantly higher sperm concentration and sperm progressive motility in the latter group. However, there was no difference between these groups regarding DFI. Interestingly, serum folate levels were significantly higher in patients with a high DFI (using the cut-offs of 30% or 18%). FFQ data showed that the consumption of fruits and egg yolk correlated positively with sperm concentration and sperm motility, respectively. Conclusion: Serum folate levels showed significant associations with sperm concentration and sperm progressive motility. However, the positive association of serum folate with DFI raises the need for careful prescription of folate supplements.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.1408-1417
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• 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, HI) larvae oil (HILO) could serve as an alternative fat source to soybean oil (SBO) in laying hen diets. Methods: We randomly assigned 25-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens (n = 144) to receive (n = 6 hens/group; eight replicates) a control or an experimental diet in which SBO was replaced with 50% (50HILO) or 100% HILO (100HILO). Results: Dietary HILO did not negatively affect body weight or productive performance during the study. The eggs also had similar quality parameters, proximate composition, and cholesterol levels. However, the yolk color index was significantly higher (p<0.01) in the 100HILO than in the other groups. Dietary HILO significantly altered the composition of fatty acids (FAs) in abdominal fat and eggs. Total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and total polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) were significantly increased and decreased in the 50HILO and 100HILO groups, respectively, compared with those in the control group (p<0.001 and p<0.0001, respectively). Specifically, the medium-chain FAs lauric and myristic acids were remarkably increased in the abdominal fat of laying hens fed HILO (p<0.0001), whereas only myristic acid increased in eggs (p<0.0001). Undesirable heavy metal (aluminum, fluorine, arsenic, lead, mercury, and cadmium) concentrations were below permissible limits in eggs. Conclusion: We considered that HILO could be an alternative dietary fat to SBO for laying hens with maintained productive performance and good egg quality.