• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.207-216
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• 2021

Supplement of high-protein food plays an important role in improving the symptoms of malnutrition and the immune capacity of the body, but the association of high-protein diet and gut microbiota remained unaddressed. Here, we systematically analyzed the internal organs and gut microbiota in C57(WT) or PD-1H-depleted (KO) mice (T cells were activated) fed with pupae or feed for six weeks. We observed that the body weight gain in the mice fed with pupae increased less significantly than that of the feed group, while the villi and small intestine lengths in the pupa group were reduced compared with that of mice given feed. However, the average body weight of the KO mice increased compared with that of the WT mice fed with pupae or feed. Pupae increased the concentration of blood glucose in WT, but not in KO mice. Moreover, in the feed group, there was no difference in the weight of the internal organs between the WT and KO mice, but in the pupae-fed group, liver weight was decreased and spleen weight was increased compared with that of KO mice. The amounts/plural/amounts of Melainabacteria, Chloroflexi, and Armatimonadetes were specifically upregulated by pupae, and this upregulation was weakened or eliminated by PD-1H depletion. Some bacteria with high abundance in the feed-fed KO mice, such as Deferribacteres, Melainabacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobia, were decreased in pupae-fed KO mice, and Proteobacteria and Deinococcus were specifically enriched in pupae-fed KO mice. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Akkermansia were associated with weight loss in the pupae-fed group while Lachnospiraceae and Anaerobiospirillum were related glucose metabolism and energy consumption. Based on high-throughput sequencing, we discovered that some gut bacteria specifically regulated the metabolism of a high-protein diet, and PD-1H deficiency improved life quality and sustained blood glucose. Moreover, PD-1H responses to high-protein diet through modulating the type and quantity of gut bacteria. These findings provide evidence about the association among gut microbiota, T cell activation (for PD-1H depletion) and high-protein diet metabolism, have important theoretical significance for nutrition and health research.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.521-536
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• 2019

Using magnetorheological (MR) dampers in multiswitch open-loop control mode has been shown to be cost-effective for cable vibration mitigation. In this paper, a method for analyzing the damping performance of taut cables incorporating MR dampers in open-loop control mode is developed considering the effects of damping coefficient, damper stiffness, damper mass, and stiffness of the damper support. Making use of a three-element model of MR dampers and complex modal analysis, both numerical and asymptotic solutions are obtained. An analytical expression is obtained from the asymptotic solution to evaluate the equivalent damping ratio of the cable-damper system in the open-loop control mode. The individual and combined effects of the damping coefficient, damper stiffness, damper mass and stiffness of damper support on vibration control effectiveness are investigated in detail. The main thrust of the present study is to derive a general formula explicitly relating the normalized system damping ratio and the normalized damper parameters in consideration of all concerned effects, which can be easily used for the design of MR dampers to achieve optimal open-loop vibration control of taut cables.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.6
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• pp.105-119
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• 1982

This thesis is mainly about the changes of Garment's collar(옷깃) and outer collar (옷섶) which indicate the identification of dress history. Through the observations of some reports about important folk materials and genuine objects, the author has investigated and rearranged them focusing on Yi-Dynasty. (1400-1900) For the shape of the outer lapels(겉깃) of Korean Jacket(저고리) were used together Squar-Tray-Collar(목판깃), Sharped-Collar(칼깃), and Dang ko-Collar(당코깃) and coming to the end of inner lapels(안깃) formed squar-tray-collar. Squar-tray-collar and sharped-collar were mainly used together for the shape of the outer lapels of Korean overcoat(포). Dang ko-collar was seen only in two overcoat. Coming to the 18th centry, the outer lapels became round-edged like those of jackets, while the inner lapels formed squar-tray-collar. In the process of positional changes of the collar and outer collar of Korean jacket and overcoat, the outer lapels positioned outside the outer collar, or a part of width of collar's positioned upon the outer collar, or the whole outer lapels positioned inside the outer collar. And through these changes the current position of the outer lapels became settled in the end of the 19th centry. But the inner lapels did not undergo many changes compared with the outer ones, and their position was mainly outside the outer collar like those of current lapels. And the garment's collar and outer collar of jacket and overcoat became small while the width and length of breast-tie(고름) became large.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.206-214
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the intake of semi-solid yogurt and periodontitis in Korean adults using a national database. Methods: The data analyzed in this study are a subset of the sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2015 by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The sample size for this study was 4,727. We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, oral health-related variables, oral and general health status, and intake of semi-solid yogurt. Semi-solid yogurt intake (YI) was calculated by multiplying the frequency of YI over the previous week by the average intake per serving. We assessed periodontal conditions using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and defined periodontitis as a CPI score ${\geq}3$. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, and oral and general health behaviors and status. Results: The mean weekly YI among those without periodontitis ($1.03{\pm}0.06cups$) was significantly higher than among those with periodontitis ($0.77{\pm}0.08cups$) (P<0.001). Individuals who consumed more than 2 cups of yogurt per day were 76% less likely to have periodontitis than those who consumed less than 1 cup of yogurt per week after adjusting for all covariates (odds ratio, 0.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.10-0.60). Conclusions: We found a significant association between increased intake of semi-solid yogurt and periodontal health. We therefore recommend daily consumption of semi-solid yogurt as a probiotic to improve periodontal health. Further longitudinal studies are required to elucidate plausible mechanisms through which probiotics impact periodontal disease, considering both periodontal pathogens and clinical periodontal parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.15
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• pp.267-280
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• 1988

After the Koryo government moved to Kanghwado Island to escape the invading Mongols, Ch'oe I who was the government irstman ordered in 1239 the recarving of Nanmingchuan Huoshangsung Chengtao-ko (남명천화상송증도가) widely used by an adherent of Son Buddhism to gain a greater understanding of Son principles. Ch'oe I's postscript indicate that the original edition printed with metal type was no longer available and woodblocks were carved to produce facsimiles of that edition. It is assumed that the copies of the original edition were limited in number due to the primitiveness of printing skills and had either not been taken to Kanghwado Island in the flurry of evacuation or were almost all used up. Demand for the book seemed to have surged sharply due to need for spiritual solace during the period of invasion. It is believed that the original edition of Chengtao-ko was published with metal type in Kaegyong(개경), the capitial, before the government took refuge on Kanghwado Island. Two copies of the recarved woodblocks were recently found in the collectiion of Kim Chong-gyu(김종규). and Park Tong-sop (박동섭). It is presumed that one of the copies was recarved again the other one some time, But the carving of the woodblocks were very sophisticated and faithfully reproduced the characteristics of the original metal type edition; first, there were many slanted characters; second, the lines of the main text were not straight but wavy; third, no bottom stroke of any character overlaps the upper stroke of the following character; and fourth, the characters are relatively uniform in size and shape. The printing techniques reflected in the woodblock reproduction were much better than that at the end of the Koryo dynasty and the beginning of the Yi dynasty. It can be assumed that printing with official type had reached a high level of skill before the transfer to Kanghwado Island.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.94-100
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• 2003

Soil $CO_2$ emission is one of the primary components in carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems. To accurately assess their net ecosystem exchange of $CO_2$ and net primary production, measurement of soil $CO_2$ efflux is required along with that of canopy $CO_2$ flux. In this paper, soil $CO_2$ flux measurement technique using closed dynamic chamber systems is briefly reviewed. Preliminary results on soil $CO_2$ exchange and inter-comparison of different measurement systems currently used in Korean regional network of tower flux measurement sites (KoFlux) are also reported.

• ALGAE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.295-300
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• 2008

Seaweed biomass was estimated using a nondestructive method in the rocky subtidal zones in Munseom, Jeju Island, Korea from July 2006 to April 2008. Seasonal samplings were done at the depth of 1, 5, 10 m using 50 x 50 cm quadrat. Mean biomass was comprised of 2,784 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ and the biomass values varied seasonally from 1,176 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ to 4,217 g wet wt m$^{-2}$ with the highest point in April. Biomass reached maximum at 5 m depth in spring, but was shifted to 10 m depth in summer. Common seaweeds appeared year round in Munseom were Codium minus, Ecklonia cava, Sargassum spp., articulated corallines and Plocamium telfairiae. Among them, E. cava showed the highest biomass (average of 1,288 g wet wt m$^{-2}$), comprising 4% of total biomass. Only 12 species’' biomass covered 98% of total value, which indicated the contribution of few common species to algal community. Seaweed biomass in Munseom represented one of the highest values in coastal regions in Korea.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.133-140
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• 2022

We investigate the performance of deep learning-based Korean language models on a task of predicting the score range of Korean essays written by foreign students. We construct a data set containing a total of 304 essays, which include essays discussing the criteria for choosing a job ('job'), conditions of a happy life ('happ'), relationship between money and happiness ('econ'), and definition of success ('succ'). These essays were labeled according to four letter grades (A, B, C, and D), and a total of eleven essay score range prediction experiments were conducted (i.e., five for predicting the score range of 'job' essays, five for predicting the score range of 'happiness' essays, and one for predicting the score range of mixed topic essays). Three deep learning-based Korean language models, KoBERT, KcBERT, and KR-BERT, were fine-tuned using various training data. Moreover, two traditional probabilistic machine learning classifiers, naive Bayes and logistic regression, were also evaluated. Experiment results show that deep learning-based Korean language models performed better than the two traditional classifiers, with KR-BERT performing the best with 55.83% overall average prediction accuracy. A close second was KcBERT (55.77%) followed by KoBERT (54.91%). The performances of naive Bayes and logistic regression classifiers were 52.52% and 50.28% respectively. Due to the scarcity of training data and the imbalance in class distribution, the overall prediction performance was not high for all classifiers. Moreover, the classifiers' vocabulary did not explicitly capture the error features that were helpful in correctly grading the Korean essay. By overcoming these two limitations, we expect the score range prediction performance to improve.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2008

Objective : This study report the effect of traditional medical treatment on postherpetic neuralgia(PHN) 2 cases. Methods : We observed 2 PHN cases diagnosed Ganwoolqiche and prescribed herbal medication (Soyosan-Gagambang & Punsimgieum-Gamibang) for each case. Results : Both cases showed efficient clinical results, especially for the pains. Conclution : In this study, operated traditional medical treatment on PHN cases and could find good progress after treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.126-127
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• 2006