• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.143-159
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• 2003

In this study, the data and the Statistical Annual Report of the Korean Dental Technology Association and the yearbook of Health-Welfare Ministry from 1990 to 2002 were surveyed to study and analyze the yearly increase rate and regional distribution rate of the national dental laboratories and dental clinics, the rate of dental laboratories to dental clinics. The purpose of the thesis is to help dental technicians to open the rational and effective dental laboratory which considers the regional condition and the distribution of dental clinics. The result of the study is as follows; 1) The yearly increase rate of overall dental laboratories is 2.01 times to 2002 by the criteria of 1990. The most laboratories was increased in 1995(+94) but the least laboratories was increased in 2000(+13). According to the regional increase rate, Kyounggi Association showed the highest increase rate (7.00 times) but Woolsan Association showed the least increase rate (1.45 times) for the past 5 years. Busan Association had increased by 1.47 times by the criteria of 1990. 2) According to the regional distribution rate of dental laboratories, Seoul area showed the highest distribution rate from the minimum 26.72%(in 2002) to the maximum 35.23%(in 1990) every year, and before 1993, Busan area showed the high distribution rate of 12.49% and Daegu area 12.38%. 3) In the case of the national increase rate, dental clinics had increased by 2.01 times to 2001 by the criteria of 1990 and dental laboratories, whose number was 1,482 in 2002, had increased by 2.01 times to that year. The rate of the national dental laboratories to dental clinics went up an average of 1: 7.57 for 12 years. In 1994, the rate showed the highest 1:7.91 and in 1990, the rate showed the least 1:7.17. 4) The metropolitan rate of dental laboratories to dental clinics showed the average of 1:6.70 for 12 years, and the rate was highest in 1992(1:7.15) and the rate lowest in 1999(1:6.33). 5) The rate of dental laboratories to dental clinics in other areas was 1:9.53, the average of 12 years and was highest in 1991(1:9.97) and was lowest in 1990(1:8.79). (6) The rate of the Korean dental laboratories to dental clinics was 1:7.37 in 2001, the metropolitan rate was 1:6.53 and the rate in other areas was 1:9.10. According to the regional distribution rate, the rate of Kyounggi was highest (1:15.58) and the rate of Daegu was lowest(1:3.03).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4387-4392
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• 2013

Projection of load of cancer mortality helps in quantifying the burden of cancer and is essential for planning cancer control activities. As per our knowledge, there have not been many attempts to project the cancer mortality burden at the country level in India mainly due to lack of data on cancer mortality at the national and state level. This is an attempt to understand the magnitude of cancer mortality problem for the various calendar years from 2011 to 2026 at 5-yearly intervals. Age, sex and site-wise specific cancer mortality data along with populations covered by the registries were obtained from the report of National Cancer Registry Programme published by Indian Council of Medical Research for the period 2001-2004. Pooled age sex specific cancer mortality rates were obtained by taking weighted average of these six registries with respective registry populations as weights. The pooled mortality rates were assumed to represent the country's mortality rates. Populations of the country according to age and sex exposed to the risk of cancer mortality in different calendar years were obtained from the report of Registrar General of India providing population projections for the country for the years from 2011 to 2026. Population forecasts were combined with the pooled mortality rates to estimate the projected number of cancer mortality cases by age, sex and site of cancer at various 5-yearly periods Viz. 2011, 2016, 2021 and 2026. The projections were carried out for the various cancer-leading sites as well as for 'all sites' of cancer. The results revealed that an estimated 0.44 million died due to cancer during the year 2011, while 0.51 million and 0.60 million persons are likely to die from cancer in 2016 and 2021. In the year 2011 male mortality was estimated to be 0.23 million and female mortality to be 0.20 million. The estimated cancer mortality would increase to 0.70 million by the year 2026 as a result of change in size and composition of population. In males increase will be to 0.38 millions and in females to 0.32 millions. Among women, cancer of the breast, cervical and ovary account for 34 percent of all cancer deaths. The leading sites of cancer mortality in males are lung, oesophagus, prostrate and stomach. The above results show a need for commitment for tackling cancer by reducing risk factors and strengthening the existing screening and treatment facilities.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4379-4386
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• 2013

Projection of cancer incidence is essential for planning cancer control actions, health care and allocation of resources. Here we project the cancer burden at the National and State level to understand the magnitude of cancer problem for the various calendar years from 2011 to 2026 at 5-yearly intervals. The age, sex and site-wise cancer incidence data along with populations covered by the registries were obtained from the report of National Cancer Registry Programme published by Indian Council of Medical Research for the period 2001-2004. Pooled age sex specific cancer incidence rates were obtained by taking weighted averages of these seventeen registries with respective registry populations as weights. The pooled incidence rates were assumed to represent the country's incidence rates. Populations of the country according to age and sex exposed to the risk of development of cancer in different calendar years were obtained from the report of Registrar General of India providing population projections for the country for the years from 2001 to 2026. Population forecasts were combined with the pooled incidence rates to estimate the projected number of cancer cases by age, sex and site of cancer at various 5-yearly periods Viz. 2011, 2016, 2021 and 2026. The projections were carried out for the various leading sites as well as for 'all sites' of cancer. In India, in 2011, nearly 1,193,000 new cancer cases were estimated; a higher load among females (603,500) than males (589,800) was noted. It is estimated that the total number of new cases in males will increased from 0.589 million in 2011 to 0.934 million by the year 2026. In females the new cases of cancer increased from 0.603 to 0.935 million. Three top most occurring cancers namely those of tobacco related cancers in both sexes, breast and cervical cancers in women account for over 50 to 60 percent of all cancers. When adjustments for increasing tobacco habits and increasing trends in many cancers are made, the estimates may further increase. The leading sites of cancers in males are lung, oesophagus, larynx, mouth, tongue and in females breast and cervix uteri. The main factors contributing to high burden of cancer over the years are increase in the population size as well as increase in proportion of elderly population, urbanization, and globalization. The cancer incidence results show an urgent need for strengthening and augmenting the existing diagnostic/treatment facilities, which are inadequate even to tackle the present load.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.442-455
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• 1987

The purpose of the study were to assist foodservice managers in complex decision making by utilizing computerized cost accounting system and to relieve managers from repetitive and routine tasks so that more adequate patient care and consultation can be provided. The scope of the computer-assisted cost accounting system consists of budget, menu planning, purchasing, inventory, cost control and financial reporting. The content of the computerized system are summarized as follows ; 1) For budgeting monthly income was estimated by calculating unit cost of each meal and forecasting serving numbers. The actual serving numbers for patients and employees were totaled everyday, and utilized as the basic data base for estimating income and planning menu. The monthly lists of meal sensus were generated. 2) for menu planning concersion factors were computed based on the standarized recipe for 50 servings. Daily menus for patients and employees which include total amounts of each ingredient and cost analyzed information were generated. 3) Daily and monthly purchasing report for each food item classified by patient and employee meals were generated. 4) Inventory transactions such as recipts and issues were totalized daily for each stocked item, and monthly inventory reports were generated. 5) Cost analysis reports for each menu item were generated into two ways based on the budget coat as well as the purchasing cost. 6) Editing new recipes and updating food costs change to the data base were carried out. 7) Financial reports were generated monthly, first-half and second-half of the year, and yearly basis.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2001

Objectives : This study was prepared for investigating the clinical features of stroke patients. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 177 patients who were admitted to the Dept. of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyungwon University with a diagnosis of stroke from Jan. I, 1999 to Dec. 31, 1999. Results : Ischemic stroke (74.0%) was more common than hemorrhagic stroke (19.8%). The proportion of males was 53.7%, of females was 46.3%, and the most prevalent age group is those in their sixties. Cerebral infarction was most frequently noticed in MCA territory, hemorrhage in putamen. Hypertension was the most common preceding disease, followed by diabetes mellitus. The rate of recurrence was high in cerebral infarction. The onset mode of cerebral infarction was sleeping and rising and of cerebral hemorrhage was acting. Most patients visited the hospital within 24 hours. The most common symptoms at admission were motor weakness and speech disorder. The most common complication was urinary tract infection. Admission period was 29.5 days. Physical treatment from onset in cerebral infarction and in cerebral hemorrhage was 17.4 and 22.0 days, respectively. Conclusions : Our study of CVA patients was similar to previous studies from 1994 to 1998. In most cases, western and oriental treatment and medicine were given synthetically. Prescription of sasang constitutional medicine had wide application.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.99-102
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• 2011

A-12year-old boy visited the clinic with chief complaint of anterior maxillary trauma. He was diagnosed with first degree mental retardation and cerebral disorders. By clinical and radiographic examination, intrusion of maxillary central incisors were found. The intrusion was not severe, teeth were luxated with a slight force and the prognosis was followed. After the first year, external root resorption was seen radiographically. Due to difficult behavior management, one visit root canal filling with OrthoMTA(BioMTA, Korea) which is known to generate of cementum and periodontal ligament was planned along with general anesthesia. OrthoMTA was filled from the apex to 1-2mm below cervical area and composite resin used for crown restoration. 6 months after, further resorption, discoloration and mobility was not found. This case is currently checked yearly and further research is needed for inflammatory root resorption and ankylosis.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2011

화재통계연보와 국가화재정보시스템의 자료를 기초로 자동차화재 실태를 분석한 결과 아래와 같은 내용을 파악할 수 있었다. 자동차화재는 매일 16건 이상 발생하여 0.5명 이상의 사상자와 5천만원 이상의 직접적인 재산손실이 발생하고 있다. 자동차화재의 원인은 기계적 요인이 가장 많고 이어서 전기적 요인과 방화 순이며, 전체화재 중 방화의 비율은 7.39%이지만 차량화재 중 방화화재의 비율은 13.79%이다. 연간 자동차화재 100건당 사망자는 평균 0.9명이며 부상자는 평균 2.4명이다. 전체 자동차화재 중 고속도로에서 발생하는 화재건수가 12.55%를 차지하고 있음에도 고속도로 자동차화재의 사망자는 16.12%, 부상자는 21.05%, 재산피해는 20.65%를 차지하고 있다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.349-355
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• 2019

A fire, be it caused intentionally or unintentionally, leads to economic loss and physical damage, and requires digestion. The number of fires is increasing yearly, and electrical fires account for more than 30% among the main causes of fires. Electric wires that catch fire typically employ silicone coatings; silicone has organic as well as inorganic properties. Silicon is a natural, nonexistent, synthetic product with numerous applications. In this study, a silicon rubber for application in wires was prepared by high-temperature vulcanization (HTV) with a Shore A hardness of 70. We report results for the flame retardancy test and the fire safety characteristics via inorganic analysis. For this, a quartz inorganic material was added to the wire specimen, and 18% powdered extinguishing agent ammonium phosphate and expanded vermiculite respectively. Thus, expanded vermiculite showed the best flame retardancy and fire safety characteristics.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Purpose: This study measures the effect of Information Technology (IT) on both cost and profit efficiency of State-owned Commercial Banks (SOCBs) in Bangladesh. Research design, data and methodology: Yearly Non-IT and IT data are collected from the annual report of SOCBs of Bangladesh from 2008 to 2017. Variable Return to Scale (VRS) cost Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Profit DEA are employed to measure the efficiency of SOCBs and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) is used to investigate the impacts of ICT components on operating cost and profit efficiency for SOCBs. Results: The average cost efficiency (74.4%) was noticed higher than the average profit efficiency (20.6%) for SOCBs. SOCBs were more affordable and less profitable for both cost and profit efficiency. Rupali bank was the most cost efficient while Sonali bank was the most profit efficient. IT Investment and IT personnel expenses were positively significant for cost efficiency. IT income, IT personnel, IT personnel expenses, ATM expenses, and Credit card expenses were negatively significant for profit efficiency. Conclusion: The further studies can combine DEA with machine learning algorithms to study the impact of IT on banks' performances. The results could aid government to remove the hindrance of progress in Bangladesh.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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• pp.186-186
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 6차 평가보고서(6th Assessment Report, AR6)에서 제시한 새로운 온실가스 경로(SSP, Shared Socioeconomic Pathways)에 따라 산출된 전지구 기후변화 시나리오를 이용하여 제주도의 미래 강수량 변화를 살펴보고자 한다. 기상청에서 운영하는 기후정보포털(http://www.climate.go.kr/)에서는 6가지 기상요소(평균기온, 최고기온, 최저기온, 강수량, 상대습도, 풍속 등)에 대하여 SSP 시나리오 자료를 제공하고 있다. SSP 시나리오는 SSP1-2.6 저탄소 시나리오(사회 불균형의 감소와 친환경 기술의 빠른 발달로 기후변화 완화, 적응능력이 좋은 지속성장가능 사회경제 구조)와 SSP5-8.5 고탄소 시나리오(기후정책 부재, 화석연료 기반 성장과 높은 인적 투자로 기후변화 적응능력은 좋지만 완화능력이 낮은 사회경제 구조)로 구분되어 제공되고 있다. 또한, 현재의 기후 상태를 모의하는 historical period (1850-2014) 자료와 미래의 기후상태를 모의한 future period (2015-2100) 자료가 있으며, 월별(momthly), 연간(yearly) 자료의 형태로 제공된다. 본 연구를 통하여 새로운 SSP 시나리오를 이용한 제주도 강수량의 미래 변화를 정량적으로 분석하였고, 기후변화에 능동적인 대책을 수립하는데 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.