• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.343-352
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• 2012

이 연구는 수량이 많은 4배체 호밀 품종을 육성하기 위한 일환으로 기존의 2배체 호밀에 0.05% 농도의 콜히친을 처리하여 염색체가 배가된 4배체 식물체를 만드는 과정에서 배수체 작성효율, 처리시기, 4배체의 작물학적 특성 등 몇 가지 기초자료를 얻었다. 1. Flow cytometry(FC) 방법으로 호밀에서 배수성 여부를 구분하였는데, 2배체는 DNA 양(DAP1)이 50 전후, 4배체는 80~110 범위이었다. 2. 처리시기에 따른 2배체 호밀의 콜히친 처리후 생존율은 최아종자 처리가 18.5%, 2엽기 처리가 78%로 나타났지만, 생존한 개체 중에서 4배체 배가비율은 각각 50.9%, 1.1%로써, 처리시기별 총 4배체 작성효율은 최아종자 처리(9.42%)가 2엽기 처리(0.86%)보다 월등히 높았다. 3. 최아종자에 콜히친 처리 시 처리종자의 생존율은 1차 년도에 평균 18.5%(곡우호밀 33%, 조그린 4%), 2년차에 평균 42%(곡우호밀 56%, 조그린 21%, 참그린 49%)를 보였다. 생존한 개체들 중에서 4배체 비율은 1년차에 평균 50.9%(곡우호밀 53.7%, 조그린 32.4%), 2년차에 평균 60.5%(곡우호밀 64.1%, 조그린 51.5%, 참그린 60%)를 보였다. 4. 최아종자 처리 시 4배체 작성 효율(생존율 ${\times}$ 4배체 유기율)은 1차년도에 곡우호밀 17.7%, 조그린 1.3%, 2차년도에 곡우호밀 35.9%, 조그린 10.8%, 참그린 29.4%로 품종간 차이를 보였다. 5. 2배체 호밀에 콜히친 0.05%를 12시간 처리하여 35개의 4배체 식물체에서 148개 이삭과 2,673립의 종자를 얻었다. 식물체당 이삭수는 곡우호밀 4.4개, 조그린 3.3개, 수당 립수는 곡우호밀 18.3개, 조그린 15.6개, 천립중은 곡우호밀 37.6g, 조그린 46.8g 이었으며, 14개 이삭을 갖는 식물체도 2개나 되었다.

• 한국GIS학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국GIS학회 2008년도 공동추계학술대회
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• pp.153-161
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• 2008

Agriculture and forest are basis for livelihood in Nepal while both sectors constitute around 40 percent of the national product and over two-thirds of the economically active population is dependent on agriculture. However, radical changes in land use, depletion in crops production and food availability are major threats due to loss of soil fertilityand severe environmental degradation. In this study, we used time series data from 1986/87 to 2005/06 about food crop production and population published by Government of Nepal, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives and Central Bureau of Statistics. Descriptive statistics and ArcGIS were used to assess and map the food security status of Nepalese Terai based on the local food demand and supply system. Food supply to demand ratio(FSDR) was the main idea of assessment. Our results showed that out of 20 districts, only 8 districts were categorised under secured food districts whereas 5 districts were still under food unsecured situation. The analysis further revealed that 7 districts had faced food deficit more than 8-16 times during the last 20 year periods. Data further showed that there was surplus food supply relative to the requirements dictated by FSDR. However, the average FSDR was less than 1.2(less than 20% surplus) exploring fact that most of the districts were not producing sufficient food to cope up the food shock and after 1995 it was relatively stagnant. Our prediction reveals that food supply in Terai even in the future would remain at almost the same level as now, and there will not more than 16-17% surplus by 2021 considering medium vibrant population growth. The findings thus, indicate that Terai may not be a food secure region in the future, even though the region is considered as a food storage house of Nepal. In addition, this paper suggests ways to make future comprehensive case studies more widely comparable in Terai, Nepal.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2005

For better and large utilization of rice husk, the production and consumption status, differences in chemical composition and heating value due to region and variety, and thermogravimetric characteristic of rice husk were studied. In addition, the differences in chemical composition due to region and variety and the crystallization characteristic of rice husk ash were also studied. Approximately 800,000 M/T of rice husk was produced per year in Korea, which is about $18\%$ of the paddy production by weight. Noticeable varietal and regional difference pattern in chemical composition was not found among the domestic rice husk samples. Their average ash content and higher heating value were $16.4\%$ and 16,660 kJ/kg by dry basis, respectively. A relation seemed to exist between the carbon content and higher heating value. Noticeable difference pattern in chemical composition was not found among the domestic rice husk ash samples. The $SiO_2$ contents were a little low, the maximum being $92.9\%,$ and the contents of major components such as CaO, MgO, and $K_2O$ were also lower compared with foreign rice husk ash due to the deficiency of compost matters in domestic soils. Thermogravimetry study showed the thermal decomposition of rice husk started at about $250^{\circ}C,$ followed by relatively fast combustion of combustible gas until the temperature rose to $350^{\circ}C.$ After $350^{\circ}C,$ combustion of the carbon component proceeded relatively slowly as the temperature increased. Therefore, the ignition temperature of the rice husk could be estimated around $300^{\circ}C$. Crystallization of $SiO_2$ in the rice husk ash was found from the combustion temperature of $750^{\circ}C$ and became distinctly when the combustion temperature exceeded $900^{\circ}C$. The ash became darker with $SiO_2$ crystallization.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.356-363
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• 2016

To suggest more efficient fishing operation, it was analyzed using five years (2011~2015) catch data of six Korean-flagged tuna purse seiners (with 1000 mt of haul capacity) operating in the western and central Pacific Ocean. In terms of annual total catch, it presented a two-year cycle of variation on catch, showing that catches of 2012, 2014 and 2015 were high, whereas those of 2011 and 2013 were low. The proportions on fishing effort of associated set were around 21.9~30.8% having 21.5~45.0% of total catch. In this study, there was no significant difference between catches of unassociated set and associated set. When considered having good fishing conditions, fishing activities were concentrated in the areas of Papua New Guinea (PNG) and Kiribati, while it showed that fishing ground spreaded out to the areas of not only PNG and Kiribati but also Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Tuvalu and Solomon islands. The average number of fishing days was 271 with a range of 246~285. As restriction on fishing operation such as reduction of fishing days and higher fishing fee are expected to strengthen, the result of this study will be helpful to select more efficient fishing methods for purse seine fishery based on fishing conditions.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.193-207
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• 2016

This study discusses the present status of mercury emission and distribution from major anthropogenic sources in Korea and the future trend of mercury emission by activity changes and application of BATs. Atmospheric mercury emission from major anthropogenic sources based on Annex D of Minamata convention was estimated to around 4.89 tonne in 2012. Emission ratios of cement clinker production, coal-fired power plant, waste incineration and non-ferrous metal smelting were 68.68%, 24.75%, 6.29% and 0.28%, respectively. High mercury emission regions were characterized by the presence of cement clinker production facilities and coal-fired power plants. Prediction of future activities was carried out by linear regression of the previous year data. The (total) mercury emission was estimated to decrease up to 48% Under the scenario of BATs to be applied and the change of future activities. Emissions from coal-fired powerplants and cement clinkers were expected to decrease significantly.

• 천문학논총
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2019

"Hon-Chon-Jeon-Do" is a woodcut star map with the size of $79.4cm{\times}127.5cm$, and was widely disseminated as it was made into a set with Kim, Jung Ho's "Yeoji-Jeon-Do". This study confirmed that Yixiang kaocheng xubian ("의상고성속편") star catalogue was used as a source to produce the star map, and the stereographic projection was applied with the projection center being the mid-point (Q) between the celestial and ecliptic north poles. The 'mid-circle' around the Q is arisen between the equator and the ecliptic, and on this circle, the hour angle and the ecliptic longitude of a star can be marked using the same scale. This means that the hour of the day and the season of the year can be read on the same dial of the mid-circle, and the application of this character in the practical use was the key point of the star map production. By observing either transits or positions of the 28 xiu (宿), it is easy to find the corresponding season and time by simply reading the dial on the mid-circle. This is just the function of a portable almanac and thus by disseminating it widely, the convenience of the people would have been promoted. For this reason, it can be stated that "Hon-Chon-Jeon-Do" was a practical astronomical tool which was produced by the western astronomical projection method and was used to find time and season. Choi, Han Ki and Kim, Jung Ho are strong candidates for the makers of this star map. The time of production is estimated to be 1848 ~ 1857, and "Hon-Chon-Jeon-Do" could be regarded as a good contributor to popularization of astronomy in the late Joseon Dynasty.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.130-142
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• 2021

Background: Climate change is occurring rapidly around the world, and is predicted to have a large impact on biodiversity. Various studies have shown that climate change can alter the geographical distribution of wild bees. As climate change affects the species distribution and causes range shift, the degree of range shift and the quality of the habitats are becoming more important for securing the species diversity. In addition, those pollinator insects are contributing not only to shaping the natural ecosystem but also to increased crop production. The distributional and habitat quality changes of wild bees are of utmost importance in the climate change era. This study aims to investigate the impact of climate change on distributional and habitat quality changes of five wild bees in northwestern regions of Iran under two representative concentration pathway scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). We used species distribution models to predict the potential range shift of these species in the year 2070. Result: The effects of climate change on different species are different, and the increase in temperature mainly expands the distribution ranges of wild bees, except for one species that is estimated to have a reduced potential range. Therefore, the increase in temperature would force wild bees to shift to higher latitudes. There was also significant uncertainty in the use of different models and the number of environmental layers employed in the modeling of habitat suitability. Conclusion: The increase in temperature caused the expansion of species distribution and wider areas would be available to the studied species in the future. However, not all of this possible range may include high-quality habitats, and wild bees may limit their niche to suitable habitats. On the other hand, the movement of species to higher latitudes will cause a mismatch between farms and suitable areas for wild bees, and as a result, farmers will face a shortage of pollination from wild bees. We suggest that farmers in these areas be aware of the effects of climate change on agricultural production and consider the use of managed bees in the future.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.305-317
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• 2023

Ethiopia is branded as the Water Tower of Africa because of its abundant inland water bodies that may be used sustainably to boost the economy. This review article's goal is to examine the current status and future potential of Ethiopia's fisheries, with a special focus on reservoirs. There are 200 known fish species (194 native, 40 endemic, and 11 exotic) in in Ethiopia's inland water. Ethiopia's fish production has increased by a factor of more than five in the past three decades (3,500 tons in 1983 to 15,681 tons in 2000 and 18,058 tons in 2010). However, fish produced in reservoirs is too low (8,059 t/year). The current fish harvests from reservoirs are significantly below the predicted potential yield, accounting for only 35% of the calculated fish production capacity. In this review, 14 potential reserves were revealed. A total of 48 fish species have been reported in these, of which 26 species (or around 54%) are present in Alwero reservoir. 19 of the 48 species that have been officially recognized belong to the Cyprinidae family and made up nearly 40% of the fish population in Ethiopian reservoirs. There has been, however, a decline in the productivity of Ethiopia's reservoir fish. Hence, actively start fishing in the numerous reservoirs that have been neglected yet, link the potential of fisheries and the benefits of the fish farming supply chain, let's begin building several other reservoirs similar to the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and beginning mechanized-based fish harvesting.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.272-286
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• 2019

전해오는 전설에 의하면 인류 최초의 치즈는 양의 위를 가지고 만든 주머니에 우유를 담아 사막을 횡단하던 아라비아 상인에 의해 발견된 것으로 전해오고 있다. 기원전 9,500년경부터 메소포타미아의 비옥한 초승달 지대에 살던 농부들은 인류의 문명만큼이나 오래된 치즈라는 유산을 남기게 되었다. 우리나라 최초의 치즈는 1964년 임실성당 주임신부로 부임한 지정환 신부에 의해서 1968년 제조에 성공한 까망베르 치즈이다. 이후 지정환 신부는 1970년 모짜렐라 치즈, 1972년 체다치즈를 생산, 유통 시킴으로서 한국 치즈산업 발전의 토대를 만들었다. 이후 1980년대 후반 슬라이스 형태의 가공치즈가 출시 됨에 따라 다양한 가공치즈 제품들이 생산되기 시작하였다. 2000년대에는 웰빙 트렌드에 힘입어 유기농 치즈와 다양한 기능성 성분을 첨가한 기능성 가공치즈의 전성기를 맞이하게 된다. 국산 자연치즈(숙성치즈)는 2004년 까망베르와 브리 치즈가 출시됨으로서 본격적인 숙성치즈 시대를 열게 되었다. 최근의 치즈 소비 트렌드는 진품치즈, 강렬한 풍미, 세련된 스낵치즈 및 전통적인 방식으로 제조한 치즈를 선호하며 음식점에서 인기 있는 치즈는 모짜렐라, 파르메산, 체다, 프로볼로네 및 페타 치즈 등이다. 현재 우리나라는 수입치즈의 영향으로 자연치즈 생산량은 감소, 가공치즈 생산량은 증가 추세에 있으며 전체적인 소비량 역시 매년 증가 추세이다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 국내산 풀사료를 생산할 수 있는 면적을 방목초지, 건초생산초지 및 사료작물포로 구분하여 풀사료 생산량에 따른 필요면적을 구하고, 이에 따라 풀사료 자급이 풀사료비 절감에 효과가 있는지를 검토하였다. 본 연구에서 젖소와 한우의 풀사료 자급률이 80%일 때 두당 수익률 향상은 3~9%이며, 통상 5%내외 수익률 향상은 기업과 개인사업체의 입장에서 보면 유의적인 이익 개선으로 판단된다. 농가당은 평균 약 0.5억원/년 수익 증가가 예상되며, 국가 전체로는 0.9조원/년 사료비 절감효과가 추정된다. 최근에 쌀 수급안정을 위한 논 하계 조사료 재배 및 풀사료 자급 향상을 위한 노력이 정부와 지자체에서 추진되고 있는데, 아울러 농후사료와 TMR비용 절감에 대한 연구도 필요하다고 본다.