• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.179-195
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• 2009

Objectives : Paeonia lactiflora Pall(芍藥) is known for curing caking muscular contraction(結實而拘攣) according to Yakucho(藥徵) published by Yoshimasu Todo(吉益東洞), but the descriptions of caking muscular contraction(結實而拘攣) are not fully provided. Methods : In order to further investigate and review the exact meaning of caking muscular contraction(結實而拘攣), present study has been conducted on the basis of researches of Yoshimasu Todo's literatures, focusing on Yakucho. Results : As a result of wide range of investigation, it is concluded that caking muscular contraction(結實而拘攣) indicates an abnormal muscular contraction of rectus abdominis. Conclusions : This study will provide helpful clinic information to doctors who will apply medical treatment specified in Yoshimasu Todo's Yakucho(藥徵) to patients in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.133-148
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• 2007

Yoshimasu Todo(吉益東洞) said in his book Yakucho, that Ramulus Cinamoni(桂枝) cures ascending impulsively & adversely of poison(衝逆). Here, the meaning of ascending impulsively & adversely of poison(衝逆) is not obvious. The objective of this thesis was to discover the exact meaning of ascending impulsively & adversely of poison(衝逆), through the analysis of Todo's books, and specifically the publication Yakucho(藥徵). Todo hadn't used the term ascending impulsively & adversely of poison(衝逆) from the beginning. He had used the term together with ascending adversely of poison(上逆) and ascending adversely of qi(上氣) in the early stage and had united the term into ascending impulsively & adversely of poison(衝逆) in the middle stage. From this study, it was determined that ascending impulsively & adversely of poison(衝逆) is the combined terms of ascending impulsively of poison(上衝) and ascending adversely of poison(上逆). Considering his view of illness, Todo had explained that every disease is caused by poison in the body. It was appropriate for him to use the term ascending impulsively & adversely of poison(衝逆) when he described the state of attacking and resisting in the body.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of study is to define the term Dong(動) in diagnosis view. Method : To define term Dong(動), I refer to Korean, Chinese, Japanese dictionary and Todo Yoshimasu (吉益東洞)'s writing, Yakucho(藥徵) Houkyoku(方極). Next, I search for the diagnosis definition of Dong(動) in 11 case reports. Results : The diagnosis definitions of Dong(動) are two meanings. One is objective symptoms which are doctor can examine, trembling, movement, etc. The other is subjective symptoms which are patient's feeling, emotional problems, etc. It seperates 6 meanings concretely. Conclusions: (1) visible moving of a focus, (2) movement of a focus, (3) appearance of abnormal secretion, (4) abnormal change of focus, (5) feel like moving, (6) change of emotion beyond patient's control. 1~4 are objective symptoms which are doctor can examine, and 5~6 are subjective symptoms which are patient's feeling.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.418-426
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• 2012

Murai Kinzan was a disciple of the great Ko-bang scholar, Yoshimasu Todo(吉益東洞). He was born in a family of doctors, he helped his father's medical works and together made an institution of medical education. He wrote many medical books such as "Yakuchozokuhen(藥徵續編)", "Idonisen'nenganmokuhen(醫道二千年眼目編)" and "Hogyokusantei(方極刪定)". He followed Yoshimasu Todo's theories that "All disease comes from a single poison" and criticized scholars such as Yoshimasu Nangai(吉益南涯) for modifying the theories of his teacher, Yoshimasu Todo. He was also influenced by Kagawa Shuuan(香川修庵) through his father, and learned medicine from Yamawaki Touyou(山脇東洋) through letters. Under the influence of these great scholars, he pursued empirical and practical medicine based on his own experience using "Shanghanlun(傷寒論)" and "Jinguiyaolue(金匱要略)" for reference. In "Yakuchozokuhen" and "Yakuchozokuhenhuroku", Murai Kinzan maintained the main frame of "Yakucho(藥徵)", Yoshimasu Todo's work, discussing in 5 categories. Medicines that are used popularly were written in "Yakucho" and "Yakuchozokuhen", therefore those books were discussed in 5 categories. However, "Yakuchozokuhenhuroku" were discussed only in 1 ~ 3 categories.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of Ling-Gui-Gan-Zao-Tang for patients of panic disorder. Method : To achieve the purpose of this study, Ling-Gui-Gan-Zao-Tang was prescribed for three months to two different patients of panic disorder. They were diagnosed as panic disorder in department of neuropsychiatry, and had no other prescribed decoction or psychotherapy. Results : 1. The BAI score for anxiety were decreased in both patients, and they got improved overall symptoms. 2. In panic attack, patients are in dominant state of sympathetic nerve, so they have palpitaion and get nervous. Fu-Ling(茯笭) can treate this kind of situation. 3. Based on and , urgent situation, over-tension of muscles, hot flash can be treated Gancao(甘草), Dazao(大棗), Guizhi(桂枝) respectively. Conclusions : When panic disorder attaks, the sympathetic nerves are dominant in patient's body. So they feel palpitating, sweating, suffocating. Ling-Gui-Gan-Zao-Tang can treat this series of symptoms.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1972

One of the characteristics features of Chinese Medicine is recognized as the practical use of combinations of crude drugs in the forms of various prescriptions according to the symptoms of illness. Such crude drugs are mostly dried plant roots, rhizomes, leaves, fruits and seeds, sometimes dried animla organ preparations even fossils or minerals. In the oldest book of Chinese Medicine, Sang Han Ron, 113 prescriptions were described in which about 80 crude drugs were included, and in other old literature, Shin Nong Bon Tcho Keun, 363 crude drugs were recorded. Such drugs, in particular, those included in Sang Han Ron are generally low toxic, and the prescriptions are acting mild with less side effects, but obviously not so easy task to determine the effect of the indivisual drug from the total effects of various prescriptions which are generally consisted of many kinds of crude drugs. About 200 years ago, in the middle of Edo era, a Japanese medical doctor, Yoshimasu Todo wrote a series of books named "Yakucho", in which he described the essential various prescriptions in which the certain drugs plays the main role. This book is very suggestive to evaluate the effects of some Chinese drugs. The actual effects of Chinese medicine and drugs have widely been recognized by the East Asian peoples during their long age experiences, but still it has not been studied sufficiently by modern scientific methods to give generally acceptable evidences. During past some years, my collaborators and I have been engaged to study some well-known Chinese drugs chemically to find out the active principles in determining their chemical structures under the collaboration of pharmacologists, Prof. K. Takagi and his coworkers. In the present lecture, I would like to present two topics from our recent investigations: The studies on the principles of Paeony and Ginseng roots.