• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.85-101
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• 2014

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report test results in eight tic disorder children using Sensitiv $Imago^{TM}$. Methods Eight tic disorder children were tested using Sensitiv $Imago^{TM}$. Also, they were diagnosed with tic disorders by DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, $4^{th}$ edition) and we evaluated tic disorder cases by Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS). Results In 8 cases, 1 case was transient tic disorder, 3 cases were Tourette's disorder and 4 cases were unspecified tic disorder. In the result of Sensitiv $Imago^{TM}$, 4 cases showed the lowest score at filter ${\sharp}5^*$ and 4 cases showed the lowest score at filter ${\sharp}6^*$ in [Express Monitoring] of [Review of System Disorders of Homeostasis]. Filter #5 includes urogenital organs, liver, gallbladder, kidneys, urinary bladder and ureter and Filter #6 stands for organs of immune and respiratory systems. Conclusion We report test results in eight tic disorder children using Sensitiv $Imago^{TM}$. Further studies about the principle, repeatability, reproducibility of Sensitiv $Imago^{TM}$ are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.146-153
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean Form of the Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (K-PUTS). Methods: Thirty-eight patients with Tourette's disorder who visited Jeonbuk National University Hospital were assessed with the K-PUTS. Together with the PUTS, the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS), the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) rating scale (ARS), and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) were implemented to evaluate concurrent and discriminant validity. Results: The internal consistency of items on the PUTS was high, with a Cronbach's α of 0.79. The test-retest reliability of the PUTS, which was administered at 2 weeks to 2 months intervals, showed high reliability with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.60. There was a significant positive correlation between the overall PUTS score and the YGTSS score, showing concurrent validity. There was no correlation between the PUTS, CY-BOCS, and ASRS scores, demonstrating the discriminant validity of the PUTS. Factor analysis for construct validity revealed three factors: "presumed functional relationship between the tic and the urge to tic," "the quality of the premonitory urge," and "just right phenomena." Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the K-PUTS is a reliable and valid scale for rating premonitory urge of tics.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2023

Objectives: To examine the effect of complex Korean medical treatment on tic disorder in children who visited the neuropsychiatric clinic of Korean medicine. Methods: Medical records of 35 patients diagnosed with tic disorder based on DSM-V who received complex Korean medical treatment (herbal medicine, acupuncture and Korean psychotherapy) were reviewed. Tic disorder was then evaluated by Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) before and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment to determine whether their symptoms were improved. Results: 1) After the treatment, mean YGTSS was reduced from 35.54±14.77 to 23.20±12.65. There were statistically significant changes between scores according to the time of treatment (p< 0.05). 2) At the time of visit, symptoms of motor tics were in the order of eyes, neck and shoulders, mouth, head and arms & hands, nose, face, upper body and other parts, and legs and symptoms of vocal tics were in the order of sniffing, dry coughing and MMM, AA and whistling, and other sounds. 3) For 35 patients, herbal medicine was prescribed every two weeks. The frequency of prescriptions used was in the order of Shihogayonggolmoryo-tang, Gami-ondam-tang, and others. 4) The frequency of herbs used in 35 patients was in the order of Poria, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Pinelliae Rhizoma and Scutellariae Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Ostreae Concha and Bovis Ossis Fossilia, and others. Conclusions: Complex Korean medical treatment including herbal medicine, acupuncture, and Korean psychotherapy is effective for reducing tic symptoms in children.

• 턱관절균형의학회지
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• 제13권sup호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2023

본 증례에서는 틱 장애 증상과 오심 구토를 동반한 환자에게 턱관절균형요법을 병행한 한방 치료를 적용하여 증상의 호전을 관찰하였다. 따라서, 이와 같은 경우에 턱관절균형요법을 적용하여 중추신경계와 자율신경계를 안정화시켜 틱장애 증상을 개선시킬 뿐만 아니라 전체적인 척추 정렬을 바로잡음으로써 소화기계와 관련된 흉추의 안정화를 통하여 관련된 증상의 호전에도 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.251-261
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• 2004

Objective : The purpose of this study is to report a Tic-disorder child with insomnia. Methods : The patient suffered from Tic-disorder and insomnia and presenting symptom of Tic-disorder was eye blinking. We estimated by Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and treated him with Yangsintangkamibang, acupuncture, auriculo-acupuncture and hand acupuncture. Result : After this treatment, symptoms of Tic-disorder and insomnia disappeared and The patient was emotionally stable. Conclusion : We had good effects in oriental medical treatments on Tic-disorder. And so this study requires further studies about Tic-disorders.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2003

틱의 치료에 있어서 양방적으로는 일과성 틱 장애가 아닌 만성 틱장애, 뚜렛 장애의 경우에는 약물치료가 대개 시행된다. 주로 사용되는 약물은 도파민 수용체 길항제이거나 이에 반응하지 않는 경우 클로니딘, 구안파신 등의 성인의 고혈압 치료에 쓰이는 약물을 쓰기도 하고, 또는 항우울제를 쓰기도 한다고 한다. 본 증례의 환자는 처음 양방정신과 방문 후 상기 처방 등을 투여받았으나 부작용(자꾸 정신이 몽롱해지고, 잠이와서 일상생활이 불가능해지는 문제)으로 한방치료를 원한 경우였다. 처음 내원했을 때의 상태는 불그스름한 얼굴, 심한 현맥, 근긴장 및 계속해서 틱증상을 보이는 양상 등을 보였고 운동틱의 정도가 매우 심하여 간주근(肝主筋)의 원칙에 의하여 간양화풍(肝陽化風)의 기전으로 환자의 상태를 변증할 수 있었기에 억간산(抑肝散)을 투여하기로 하였고 아울러 복진상(腹診上) 좌측제부동계항진(左側臍部動悸亢進)이 보여 간열(肝熱)로 신경(神經)이 흥분하여 위장애(胃障碍)가 나타나서 생기는 위내정수(胃內停水)의 소견을 보였기 때문에 진피(陳皮), 반하(半夏)를 가(加)하여 투여하였다. 아울러 YGTSS를 시행한 바 환자가 내원 초기(2003년 6월 9일) 에 시행한 YGTSS의 점수는 30점이었고, 어느 정도 증상의 호전을 보여 폐약(閉藥)을 원했던 시기(2002년 7월 24일)의 YGTSS에서는 11점으로 증상의 상당한 호전을 보였으며 약을 중지한 이후에도 지속적으로 증상의 호전이 되었다 하면서 다시 내원한 2003년 9월 22일에는 약 20분동안의 상담시간동안 거의 틱증상의 발현을 볼 수 없었다. 2003년 10월 20일 마지막으로 시행한 YGTSS의 점수는 3점으로 거의 완치에 가까운 결과를 보여주고 있다. 이는 억간산(抑肝散) 가(加) 진피(陳皮) 반하(半夏)의 처방을 투여함으로서 환자의 간열(肝熱)을 지속적으로 내려주었고, 아울러 상담을 통하여 원만한 가족관계를 유지할 수 있도록 도와주어 환자에게 자꾸 간기(肝氣)의 항진(亢進)을 야기시키는 원인인 가정불화를 어느정도 완화시켜 주었기 때문이라고 사료된다. 지금까지 만성 틱장애나 뚜렛 장애에 대하여는 양 한방적으로 뚜렷한 효과를 보이는 증례를 많이 발견할 수 없는 현실에서 본 증례는 상기 질환에 대한 한방치료의 가능성을 보여주는 예라고 판단되어 보고하는 바이다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.277-288
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• 2008

We have cared for a 13years old boy, who has Tourette Syndrome and symptoms of vocal tic and motor tic for 5years, since 9months ago. We have treated him with korean herb medicine, 8-constitution acupuncture, Chimsband, Neurofeedback, EFT therapy. After taking treatment, his YGTSS score was down to 38 from 119, and his tic symtoms altered for the better. We think korean herb medicine had a powerful effect and Neurofeedback was effective. Especially, SMR Beta Training of all programs of Neurofeedback was effective and well-directed. The EFT program helped him improved also, but it need much of time to apply. When we evaluated the condition of patient who was under the Cans 3000, we could not find any relationship between tic symtoms and Cans 3000. When we treat Tourette Syndrome, having the patience is important at a distance of time. Because Tourette Syndrome is a kind of unstable symptoms, so we would not care to predict what the result will be in a brief space of time.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2008

Tics are sudden, painless, nonrhythmic behaviors that are either motor or vocal. As to DSM- VI diagnostic criteria, chronic tic disorder is either single or multiple motor or phonic tics, but not both, which are present for more than a year. In this case, a male patient was diagnosed tics disorder at 8 years old. He has suffered for 15 years and his symptom was simple motor tics of neck, both arms and both legs, not vocal tics. So we diagnosed him as the chronic tic disorder. The severity score headache was assessed using the Visual Analog Scales. The severity score tics was assessed at baseline using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and we compared score of before with after treatment. We treated him with oriental medication( herbal medicine, acupuncture, cry cupping) and progressive muscle relaxation. After this treatment, chronic insomnia and extreme headache were disappeard and the symptoms of tics were mildly decreased.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.303-318
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• 2017

Objectives: To establish a base for further research by reviewing studies on traditional Chinese medicine treatment for Tourette Syndrome. This is the purpose of this study. Methods: Clinical studies involving the effects of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for Tourette Syndrome, published January 2010~June 2017, were obtained from CNKI, Pubmed. Selected Studies were evaluated by the Jadad Scale. Results: Among a total of 252 articles, 39 articles that meet the criteria were selected. 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV)' was most frequently used as diagnosis criteria. 'Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS)' was primarily used for outcome measurements. Most of the studies showed effective results of traditional Chinese medicine therapy. However, the quality of a selected clinical studies was low. Conclusions: Despite several limitations, various studies to prove limited yet effective traditional Chinese medicine treatment on Tourette Syndrome provides much significance. Subsequent studies conducted by the complementary systematic review and well-designed clinical trials using the methodological quality will be needed to more firmly validate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine therapy.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2008

Objective : This study was designed to analyze the herbal medicine case-control studies of tic disorder in traditional chinese medicine. Method : For this study, we searched the studies on tic disorder, which had been published 2007, through web-site CNKI(中國知識基魔設施工程) http://www.cnki.net). There were 15 herbal medicine case-control studies and we focused on those studies. Results: 1. DSM-IV(7 studies), CCMD(5 studies) and ICD-10(3 studies) were frequently used in the diagnosis of tic disorder. 2. Paeonia radix alba, Uncariae ramulus et uncus and Glycyrrhizae radix were frequently used in treatment. Moreover Scorpio, Gastrodiae rhizoma, Pinelliae rhizoma and so on were used. 3. Treatment results were assessed by improvement of symptom, YGTSS and so on. 4. Herbal medicine treatment was more effective than western medicine treatment in most studies, and side effects of herbal medicine were far less than those of western medicine. Conclusion : There have been reported many herbal medicine treatment studies of tic disorder in traditional chinese medicine. We believe that these studies can be applied to the clinical practices in Korean medicine.