• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.353-356
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• 1993

Advent of new imaging modalities such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound contributed greately to the specific imaging diagnosis. However plain chest X-ray is still most prequently used for imaging diagnosis of respiratory disease in clinical pratic and it is important to make a good quality of X-ray film and good interpretation. The optimal chest X-ray should be taken with full inspiration without rotation and motion and the exposure is at the level of barely demonstrable thoracic vertebral disc space. It is recommended that higk KVP technique for detection of lesions which is overlaped by mediastinum, heart and rib cage. It is better to examine chest X-ray film start at some distance(6-8 feet) and closer to the film later on and the reader should not read a film in fatigue condition. The reading room should be quiet and relately dark illumination. It is important, to make a good X-ray film and good interpretation to reduce the observer error.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2007

Bone scan using radioactive isotope can be more effective than conventional X-ray radiograph for finding jaw lesion because it takes an image of the physiologic change of bone. This study is designed to show how available bone scan is able to diagnose jaw lesion better than simple X-ray and CT, as well as to determine a basis of diagnosis for jaw lesion using bone scan. The 77 patients, visiting the Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dankook University Hospital from January 2002. to August 2005. who were diagnosed histopathologically with postoperative malignant tumor, osteomyelitis, and bone infiltrative benign disease. Preoperative X-ray, CT, bone scan were taken and were compared with histopathologic finding. Also to compare specificty of each lesion in bone scan, bone density was measured to compare. The results were as follows. 1. Among the 25 cases of oral malignant tumor of bony invasion, a positive diagnosis associated with histopathologic evaluation, 22 cases(88%) in bone scan, 14 cases(56%) in CT image, and 10 cases40%) in simple X-ray. 2. Among the 31 cases of osteomyelitis, a positive diagnosis associated with histopathologic evaluation, 30 cases(97%) in bone scan, 23 cases(74%) in CT image, and 19 cases(61%) in simple X-ray. 3. Among the 11cases of bone infiltrative benign disease, a positive diagnosis associated with histopathologic evaluation, 11 cases(100%) in bone scan, 10 cases(91%) in CT image, and 6 cases(55%) in simple X-ray. 4. Measurement of bone density in each group showed no statistical significant difference between malignant tumor and osteomyelitis as well as benign bone disease. But, a statistical significance was seen between osteomyelitis and benign bone disease. From this results, bone scan are more sensitive than simple X-ray and CT image in jaw lesion diagnosis, but specificity shows no significant difference. Therefore, it should be suggested that evaluation of bone scan must be carrying out in reference to final histopathologic diagnosis.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.88-96
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• 2002

Objective : This study attempted to evaluate the ultrasonographic diagnosis of sinusitis compared to X-ray diagnosis and further to help the diagnosis and treatment of sinusitis through oriental medicine. Methods : Both A-mode ultrasonography and X-ray were taken of 30 symptom-positive patients and 10 symptom-negative controls. Nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, postnasal drip, headache (facial pain), hyposmia (anosmia), throat discomfort and chronic cough were included in the symptoms of sinusitis. Both ultrasonographic and X-ray findings were divided into four groups (clear, mucosal thickening, air-fluid level and cystic shape) according to severity. Results : 1. The symptoms of patients (n=30) were as follows: nasal obstruction (83.3%), rhinorrhea (70.0%), postnasal drip (60.0%), chronic cough (53.3%), headache (40.0%), throat discomfort (40.0%), hyposmia (26.7%). 2. There was a significant correlation between symptoms and ultrasonographic findings (n=40, ${\gamma}=0.550$, P=0.001). 3. There was a significant correlation between symptoms and X-ray findings (n=40, ${\gamma}=0.555$, P=0.001). 4. There was a significant whole coincidence between ultrasonographic and X-ray findings (n=60, ${\gamma}=0.335, P=0.00l). Moreover, there was a significant coincidental trend between the two findings as they became severe (n=60, ${\gamma}=6.284$, P=0.012). 5. The distance of the ultrasonographic echoes was as follows: clear echo (n=9, from transducer pulse to air mucosa echo) $0.90{\pm}0.19cm$, mucosal thickening echo (n=23, from transducer pulse to air mucosa echo) 1.85{\pm}0.14cm, air-fluid level echo (n=26, from transducer pulse to back wall echo) $3.70{\pm}0.16cm$. 6. The highest diagnostic reliability of the ultrasonographic findings compared to X-ray findings was as follows: over-diagnosis in clear finding 77.3%, matched diagnosis in mucosal thickening finding 62.0%, matched diagnosis in air-fluid level finding 86.7%, matched diagnosis and under-diagnosis in cystic shape finding 50.0%. 7. In mucosal thickening, air-fluid level and cystic shape finding, there was a significant individual coincidence between the ultrasonographic and X-ray findings. In clear finding, there was no significant individual coincidence between the two findings. Conclusion : The ultrasonographic diagnosis significantly reflects the symptoms of sinusitis like X-ray diagnosis and is a valuable tool to screen prognostic factors such as mucosal thickening, air-fluid level and cyst. Therefore the ultrasonography will be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of sinusitis in oriental medicine.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

In modern times, X-ray imaging has become a necessary tool for early diagnosis, quality control, nondestructive testing, and security screening. X-ray imaging equipment generally comprises an X-ray generator and an image sensor. Most commercially available X-ray generators employ filament-thermionic electron-based X-ray tubes, thus demonstrating typical analog behavior, such as slow response and large stray X-rays. Furthermore, digital X-ray sources, which have been studied extensively using field electron emitters manufactured from nanometer-scale materials, provide fast and accurately controlled ultra-shot X-rays. This could usher in a new era of X-ray imaging in medical diagnosis and nondestructive inspections. Specifically, digital X-ray sources, with reduced X-ray dose, can significantly improve the temporal and spatial resolution of fluoroscopy and computed tomography. Recently, digital X-ray tube technologies based on carbon nanotubes, developed by Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, have been transferred to several companies and commercialized for dental imaging for the first time.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.102-107
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• 1997

Discoid meniscus has been well known to a frequent anomaly of meniscus and much reported in diagnosis and treatment. But, associated X-ray findings have not been known well. We reported its significance of X-ray findings in discoid meniscus. From May 1995 to May 1997, 31 cases of discoid meniscus were compared with 51 cases of nondiseoid meniscus both confirmed by arthroscopy, with simple X-my findings. Both groups were evaluated by X-ray findings in view of lateral joint space widening, peripheral spur of lateral joint space, sclerotic change of lateral tibial plateau, concave lateral tibial plateau, flattening of lateral femoral condyle, hypoplasia of lateral femoral condyle and high riding fibula. The results of analysis were as follows: 1. Widening of lateral joint space, sclerotic change of lateral tibial plateau and cupping of lateral tibial plateau were statistically significant in discoid meniscus. 2. X-ray findings in discoid meniscus were not associated with patient's injury history and symptom duration. 3. Other X-ray findings were not related in discoid meniscus significantly. X-ray findings with patient's history and physical examination arc helpful in the diagnosis of discoid meniscus.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is to offer a new approach to diagnostic X-ray in perspective of Chuna manual medicine for clinical application. Methods : Characteristics of each malposition in X-ray were analyzed comprehensively, based on the listing system. By verifying these results, find out the methods of X-ray diagnosis according to the each malposition. Results : 1. Vertebral malposition can be explained by alignment and relative position of vertebral body in the X-ray. To obtain more accurate estimation of subluxation, features of other structures should be considered, such as spinous process, intervertebral foramen and disc space. 2. Pelvic malposition can be determined by relative location of anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) in the X-ray. Also other pelvic parameters should be utilized to make a diagnosis of sacral malposition. Conclusions : Diagnostic X-ray should be applied to many clinicians for reasonable Chuna manual medicine application. And further studies are needed to use the diagnostic X-ray in the perspective of Chuna manual medicine.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.516-521
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• 2009

X-ray system which is usefully used in diagnosis of the patient, being bombed of radioactivity is a big weak point when irradiates a X-ray to the human body so that ICRP restricted the radiation exposure tolerance of the human body. In order to reduce being bombed, the many research and development is now advanced. A lots of diagnostic X-ray machines have currently used due to the increase of occurrence efficiency of X-ray and precisely the output control by using the inverter which is a high speed switching semiconductors. For getting the confidence of the X-ray machine, the same radiation occurrence, same evaluation, and same irradiation condition are necessary when evaluates X-ray irradiation. It is the most important part for the accuracy of the test result and the patient safety. This research has produced the high voltage occurrence system of full-wave rectification method by using the LC resonance inverter, and evaluated the irradiation reproducibility in order to use it in diagnosis of the patient.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2022

Currently, Korea is an aging society and is expected to become a super-aged society in about four years. X-ray devices are widely used for early diagnosis in hospitals, and many X-ray technologies are being developed. The development of X-ray device technology is important, but it is also important to increase the reliability of the device through accurate data management. Sensor nodes such as temperature, voltage, and current of the diagnosis device may malfunction or transmit inaccurate data due to various causes such as failure or power outage. Therefore, in this study, the temperature, tube voltage, and tube current data related to each sensor and detection circuit of the diagnostic X-ray imaging device were measured and analyzed. Based on QC data, device failure prediction and diagnosis algorithms were designed and performed. The fault diagnosis algorithm can configure a simulator capable of setting user parameter values, displaying sensor output graphs, and displaying signs of sensor abnormalities, and can check the detection results when each sensor is operating normally and when the sensor is abnormal. It is judged that efficient device management and diagnosis is possible because it monitors abnormal data values (temperature, voltage, current) in real time and automatically diagnoses failures by feeding back the abnormal values detected at each stage. Although this algorithm cannot predict all failures related to temperature, voltage, and current of diagnostic X-ray imaging devices, it can detect temperature rise, bouncing values, device physical limits, input/output values, and radiation-related anomalies. exposure. If a value exceeding the maximum variation value of each data occurs, it is judged that it will be possible to check and respond in preparation for device failure. If a device's sensor fails, unexpected accidents may occur, increasing costs and risks, and regular maintenance cannot cope with all errors or failures. Therefore, since real-time maintenance through continuous data monitoring is possible, reliability improvement, maintenance cost reduction, and efficient management of equipment are expected to be possible.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2016

Background: In order to manage the patient exposure dose in X-ray diagnosis, it is preferred to evaluate the entrance skin dose; although there are some evaluations about entrance skin dose, a small number of report has been published for direct measurement of patient. We think that a small-type optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter, named nanoDot, can achieve a direct measurement. For evaluations, the corrections of angular and energy dependences play an important role. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the angular and the energy dependences of nanoDot. Materials and Methods: We used commercially available X-ray diagnostic equipment. For angular dependence measurement, a relative response of every 15 degrees of nanoDot was measured in 40-140 kV X-ray. And for energy dependence measurement, mono-energetic characteristic X-rays were generated using several materials by irradiating the diagnostic X-rays, and the nanoDot was irradiated by the characteristic X-rays. We evaluated the measured response in an energy range of 8.1-75.5 keV. In addition, we performed Monte-Carlo simulation to compare experimental results. Results and Discussion: The experimental results were in good agreement with those of Monte-Carlo simulation. The angular dependence of nanoDot was almost steady with the response of 0 degrees except for 90 and 270 degrees. Furthermore, we found that difference of the response of nanoDot, where the nanoDot was irradiated from the randomly set directions, was estimated to be at most 5%. On the other hand, the response of nanoDot varies with the energy of incident X-rays; slightly increased to 20 keV and gradually decreased to 80 keV. These results are valuable to perform the precise evaluation of entrance skin dose with nanoDot in X-ray diagnosis. Conclusion: The influence of angular dependence and energy dependence in X-ray diagnosis is not so large, and the nanoDot OSL dosimeter is considered to be suitable dosimeter for direct measurement of entrance surface dose of patient.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2010년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.764-765
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• 2010

인체의 진단에 사용되는 의료용 X선 기기는 비 침습적인 방법으로 인체 내부의 진단이 가능하여 의료기관에서 진단에 매우 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. X선의 발생에 가장 중요한 고전압 발생장치는 기존 변압기 식이 주로 사용되었으나 크고 무거우며 직류 고전압의 리플이 커서 발생효율이 낮다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위해 인버터를 사용하여 입력전원의 주파수를 고주파하는 인버터 방식의 고전압 발생장치가 주로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 펄스폭 변조 방식을 적용하여 관전압과 관전류의 동작을 제어 하였으며, 오실로 스코프를 이용하여 동작 결과를 확인하였다.