• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2002

Background: The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis still depend on conserve therapy in major. Recent studies report that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) could modulate the incidence and progress of arthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of n-3 PUFA on the development of collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Materials and Methods: Female Louvain rats were used for this experiment. Rats were randomly assigned into either normal (n=8) or collagen-immunized groups, and collagen immunized groups were divided into control(n=8, normal diet) and n-3 PUFA(n=8, 5% n-3 PUFA in diet) groups. One week after feeding n-3 PUFA to rats, they were immunized with type II collagen emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant into tail and back. Development of arthritis was confirmed by x-ray and microscopic examination. Results: Incidence of arthritis at the 5th week after immunization was 38% in control and 0% in n-3 PUFA. Rats with arthritis showed edema in hind paws and inflammation in synovial membrane of the knee joint. Plasma glucose and insulin were not changed by both of immunization and diet. Plasma triglycerides and cholesterol concentrations were decreased by n-3 PUFA. Conclusion: n-3 PUFA may prevent or treat collagen-induced arthritis m rats. Further studies are needed for action mechanism of it.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.321-327
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• 2015

A 50-year-old male visited the outpatient clinic and complained of fever, poor oral intake, and weight loss. A chest X-ray demonstrated streaky and fibrotic lesions in both lungs, and chest CT revealed multifocal peribronchial patchy ground-glass opacities with septated cystic lesions in both lungs. Cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed lymphocyte-dominant leukocytosis, and further analysis of lymphocyte subsets showed a predominance of cytotoxic T cells and few T helper cells. Video-assisted wedge resection of the left upper lobe was performed, and the histologic examination was indicative of a Pneumocystis jirovecii infection. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) was orally administered for 3 weeks; however, the patient complained of cough, and the pneumonia was aggravated in the follow-up chest X-ray and chest CT. Molecular studies demonstrated mutations at codons 55 and 57 of the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene, which is associated with the resistance to TMP-SMX. Clindamycin-primaquine was subsequently administered for 3 weeks replacing the TMP-SMX. A follow-up chest X-ray showed that the pneumonia was resolving, and the cough was also alleviated. A positive result of HIV immunoassay and elevated titer of HCV RNA indicated HIV infection as an underlying condition. This case highlights the importance of careful monitoring of patients with P. jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) during the course of treatment, and the molecular study of DHPS mutations. Additionally, altering the anti-PCP drug utilized as treatment must be considered when infection with drug-resistant P. jirovecii is suspected. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of TMP-SMX-resistant PCP described in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Fracture Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.186-191
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiological and epidemiological characteristics, as well as the clinical course of pelvic insufficiency fractures in the elderly population. Materials and Methods: At a Haeundae Paik Hospital, we retrospectively reviewed patients with pelvic insufficiency fractures between March 2010 and May 2017. The demographic data of patients were analyzed, and bone mineral density and bone turnover markers were evaluated to estimate the metabolic status of the bone. The radiological characteristics were evaluated by comparing the simple x-ray images with the computed tomography images, and the types of fractures were classified via computed tomography images. For clinical course evaluation, we investigated comorbid complications, and compared the walking ability scale before and 6 months after the fracture. Results: A total of 42 patients were included, with an average age of 76.5 years. All were female except one case. In 5 cases where the initial medical examination was from another institution, the fracture was not found in 3 cases. All cases received conservative treatment. After the diagnosis of pelvic bone fracture using a simple x-ray imaging, additional fractures were found in 81.0% of the study population using a computed tomography. Initiation of gait occurred at an average of 2.8 weeks, and every case except 1 (97.6%) fully recovered their gait ability. Conclusion: We concluded that there was a limitation with diagnosing pelvic insufficiency fracture using only a simple x-ray imaging technique. In general, cases in this study showed conservative treatment yielded favorable clinical outcome with relatively less critical complications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2022

3D printing technology is being used in various fields such as medicine and biotechnology, and materials containing metal powder are being commercialized through recent material development. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the photon spectrum during added filtration using 3D printing material during diagnostic X-ray examination through simulation. Among the Monte Carlo techniques, MCNPX (ver. 2.5.0) was used. First, the appropriateness of the photon spectrum generated in the simulation was evaluated through SRS-78 and SpekCalc, which are X-ray spectrum generation programs in the diagnostic field. Second, photon spectrum the same thickness of Al and Cu filters were obtained for characterization of 3D printing materials containing metal powder. In addition, the total photon fluence and average energy according to changes in tube voltage were compared and analyzed. As a result, it was analyzed that PLA-Al required about 1.2 ~ 1.4 times the thickness of the existing Al filter, and PLA-Cu required about 1.4 ~ 1.7 times the thickness of the Cu filter to show the same degree of filtration. Based on this study in the future, it is judged that it can be utilized as basic data for manufacturing 3D printing additional filters in medical fields.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.146-149
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• 2016

Heterotopic bone formation in the gastrointestinal tract is a rare phenomenon. Most reported cases were associated with benign and malignant neoplasms, except for a case in which heterotopic bone formation was found in a patient with Barrett's esophagus. The exact pathogenesis of the disease has not yet been established. However, most heterotopic bones found in the gastrointestinal tract were associated with mucinproducing tumors of the appendix, colon, and rectum. Inflammation may also play a role in osseous metaplasia in a case with bone formation at the base of an ulcer in Barrett's esophagus. Here, we report on a patient with heterotopic bone formation in normal gastric cardiac mucosa. A 50-year-old female visited our hospital for a routine health examination. She had no gastrointestinal symptoms, and her physical examination, blood test, X-ray, urine, and stool examination results were normal. A 0.3 cm sized polypoid lesion located just below the squamocolumnar junction was observed on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A piece of biopsy was taken. Histologically, a lamella bone trabecula and chronic inflammatory cells were observed in the gastric cardiac mucosa. The follow-up endoscopy performed one month later showed no residual lesion.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.139-145
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• 1998

This report describes a rare, congenital hypertrophy of the left upper extremity that appeared after compressive bandage of right arm at the age of two. He is eighteen years old, and hypertrophy was aggravated for about 2 years since he started weight training exercise. Recently, skin turgor changed and he visited the Dermatology department. Skin biopsy revealed increased thickness of the dermis. On Orthopaedic examination, the left arm showed non­specific neuro-muscular changes other than easy fatigability a.nd increased skin consistency after exercise, compared to the right arm. The differences of circumference were 2.5 to 4cm according to the level of the upper limb. But the relative proportion of hypertrophy of the limb was balanced., On X-ray examination, bony changes were not shown. Through the MRI, we could find edematous changes of subcutaneous fatty tissue. Muscular structures showed unremarkable changes. Through the endurance test of both arms, we could find a decrease in endurance of the left upper arm musculatures. On histologic examination, infrequent focal necrosis and peri fascicular degeneration of the muscle fiber were present.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 1973

Two-hundred and eighteen patients were taken bronchoscopy to evaluate the value of bronchoscopic diagnosis in the lung cancer patient at the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the Kyung-pook University Hospital. Ninety-eight eases of these patients were studied for possible lung cancer by bronchoscopic examination, biopsy and bronchial cytologv. The results were obtained as follows: Two-hundred and eighteen patients were taken bronchoscopy to evaluate the value of bronchoscopic diagnosis in the lung cancer patient at the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the Kyung-pook University Hospital. Ninety-eight eases of these patients were studied for possible lung cancer by bronchoscopic examination, biopsy and bronchial cytologv. The results were obtained as follows: 1) Forty-five (55.5%) of 81 cases impressed as definitive, and six (35. 3%) of 17 cases impressed as probable lung cancer were subsequently proved to have lung cancer. This represents a total of 51 cases (52. 0%) of 98 patients. 2) Twenty-six (51.0%) of 51 patients were proved by bronchoscopic biopsy and cytology. 3) The positive rates of bronchoscopic biopsy were higher in the lesions on tile intermediate bronchus, carina and main stem bronchi by bronchoscopy, and also in the hilar than in peripheral lesions by X-ray finding and in histologically undifferentiated cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma. 4) The positive diagnosis rates of bronchoscopic aspirate were not correlated to the locations of cancer lesions. 5) Thirty- nine percent of 51 case3 were visualized definitive tumor mass and obstructive lesions under bronchoscopy. 6) Patient of lung cancer varied in age from 27 to 77 years, with highest concentration lying in the 5th decade (43.0%). Forty-seven patients were men and 4 were women giving a proportion of men to women, 12: 1 7) Sixty-five percent of proved lung cancer patients were diagnosed as operable cases. Fifty-three percent of explored patients were resected. These results conclude that bronchoscopy is of a considerable value as a diagnostic procedure in these lung cancer patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.661-668
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• 2020

One of the causes of death for pregnant female is embolism, when a chest PA examination is performed. In addition, due to small doses, the examinations are performed for the purpose of preparing for pre-delivery emergency surgery or basic examination for pregnant female. Evaluating fetal doses through actual measurements is subject to ethical problems, Monte Carlo simulations assesses the organ and fetal doses of pregnant females according to week of pregnancy. The results of the simulations showed that the fetal dose decreased according to weeks of pregnancy and it showed a dose of about 0.1 mGy. The higher the density and thickness of the shielding material, the better the shielding effect. In addition, the dose reduction effect for each shielding material is between 40 and 98%. Afterwards, it is deemed necessary to study the reduction of fetal doses through various shielding characteristics and methods.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.244-247
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• 2010

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the absence of predisposing risk factors has been rarely observed in full-term neonates. A 3-day-old neonate, delivered vaginally at term without any perinatal complications or signs of respiratory difficulty, was referred to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital because of reduced heart sound detected during routine neonatal examination. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed air collection in the anterior mediastinum. The baby developed respiratory distress on the fourth day and required supplemental oxygen. On the seventh day, there was no sign of respiratory difficulty, and x-ray examination showed no demonstrable pneumomediastinum. Hence, careful neonatal physical examination is essential during the postnatal assessment of newborns, and spontaneous pneumomediastinum should be considered when a healthy newborn presents with reduced heart sound.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.32-45
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• 2005

1. Objectives The purpose of this study was to find out prevalence of chronic diseases according to Sasang constitutional. 2. Methods The medical records of 1,453 subjects who have taken health examinations and diagnosis of Sasang constitution from January 2003 to June 2003 at a health examination center of a university hospital in Seoul were reviewed. Sociodemographic factors and the prevalences of chronic diseases according to Sasang Constitution are compared and analyzed. 3. Results (1) Among the 1,453 subjects, 683(47.0%) were Taeumin, 421(29.0%) were Soyangin, and 349(24.0%) were Soeumin. (2) The prevalences of gastric polyp, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, abnormal liver function and fatty liver of T aeurnin were significantly higher than those of the other constitutions (p-value<0.05). And the prevalences of hepatic cyst and gall stone disease of Taeumin were higher than those of the other constitutions(p-value<0.l). (3) The prevalences of liver cirrhosis of Soyangin was significantly higher than that of the other constirutions(p-value <0. 05). (4) The prevalences of pulmonary tuberculosis on X-ray and anemia of Soeurnin were significantly higher than those of the other constitutions (p-value<0.05). And the prevalences of gastric xanthelasma and hypothyroidism of Soeumin were higher than those of the other constitutions(p-value<0.1). 4. Conclusions There were significant differences on the prevalences of some chronic diseases according to Sasang wnstirution.