• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to retrospectively estimate the prevalence of childhood emotional abuse (CEA), childhood physical abuse (CPA), and childhood contact sexual abuse (CCSA) in relation to adult poor mental health, addictive behavior, and other health-risk behaviors among university students in five ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam). In a cross-sectional survey, 3,240 undergraduate university students were randomly selected (M age = 20.5 years, SD = 1.6 years) to respond to a questionnaire including the Abuse section of the World Health Organization (WHO) Version 1 "Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire" (ACE-IQ) and other measures. The students reported 17.9% CEA, 28.2% CPA, and 22.4% CCSA, with the highest prevalence of CEA in Myanmar (30.9%) and CPA and CCSA in Vietnam (55.8% and 41.6%, respectively). In logistic regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and social variables, the separate and cumulative effects of three types of child abuse (emotional, physical, and sexual) were found to increase the risks for poor adult mental health, addictive, and other health-risk behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to provide the configuration alternatives for the special classroom of the elementary school reflecting current trends of the health promotion education. Initiated by WHO(World Health Organization), the concept of health-promoting school has been widely advocated as an approach to enhance public health through school based health promotion. Korean Ministry of Education has also adopted the concept and many elementary schools has been participating in developing the curricula and educating students as the health promoting model schools. This study analyzes methodologies and education programs of current health promoting curriculum of the schools since 2009, explores the spacial features of other public facilities offering similar education program and surveys relating teachers. Based on the analysis, the study seeks the basic elements for health promoting classroom and deduces several classroom space configurations to optimize students' learning effects. This study can be a case method for other classroom typology studies especially with the current diversification tendency of elementary school education services.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

This study assessed the relationships between levels of $PM_{10}$ and hospitalization rates for asthma among children from 2003 to 2005 at four major cities in Korea. In addition, we estimated the reduced number of asthma hospitalization associated with an ambient $PM_{10}$ improvement to the acceptable levels as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was used to estimate the relative risks (RR) of asthma hospitalization associated with changes in $PM_{10}$ The RRs of children's asthma hospitalization for every $10{\mu}g/m^3$ increment in $PM_{10}$ were 1.009(95% CI = 1.004-1.014) in Seoul, 1.013(95% CI = 1.006-1.021) in Incheon, 1.009(95% CI = 1.002-1.016) in Busan, and 1.021(95% CI = 1.005-1.037) in Ulsan. We assessed $PM_{10}$ related health benefits from implementing the WHO's guidelines (24-hour average $50{\mu}g/m^3$) using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program. The estimated benefits were 439(95% CI = 216-666) reduced asthma hospitalization in Seoul, 720(95% CI = 304-1,151) in Incheon, 260(95% CI = 66-459) in Busan, and 126(95% CI = 30-228) in Ulsan. It was concluded that improving $PM_{10}$ condition to the WHO guideline would make a significant contribution to the reduction in asthma hospitalization among children. Therefore, public health measures are still needed to improve air quality in Korea.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.277-285
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• 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major health problem worldwide. Especially, multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), which is defined as TB that shows resistance to both isoniazid and rifampicin, is a barrier in the treatment of TB. Globally, approximately 3.4% of new TB patients and 20% of the patients with a history of previous treatment for TB were diagnosed with MDR-TB. The treatment of MDR-TB requires medications for a long duration (up to 20-24 months) with less effective and toxic second-line drugs and has unfavorable outcomes. However, treatment outcomes are expected to improve due to the introduction of a new agent (bedaquiline), repurposed drugs (linezolid, clofazimine, and cycloserine), and technological advancement in rapid drug sensitivity testing. The World Health Organization (WHO) released a rapid communication in 2018, followed by consolidated guidelines for the treatment of MDR-TB in 2019 based on clinical trials and an individual patient data meta-analysis. In these guidelines, the WHO suggested reclassification of second-line anti-TB drugs and recommended oral treatment regimens that included the new and repurposed agents. The aims of this article are to review the treatment strategies of MDR-TB based on the 2019 WHO guidelines regarding the management of MDR-TB and the diagnostic techniques for detecting resistance, including phenotypic and molecular drug sensitivity tests.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.308-315
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• 2023

Recent updates in genomic-integrated glioma classification have caused confusion in current clinical practice, as management protocols and health insurance systems are based on evidence from previous diagnostic classifications. The Korean Brain Tumor Society conducted an electronic questionnaire for society members, asking for their ideas on risk group categorization and preferred treatment for each individual diagnosis listed in the new World Health Organization (WHO) classification of gliomas. Additionally, the current off-label drug use (OLDU) protocols for glioma management approved by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) in Korea were investigated. A total of 24 responses were collected from 20 major institutes in Korea. A consensus was reached on the dichotomic definition of risk groups for glioma prognosis, using age, performance status, and extent of resection. In selecting management protocols, there was general consistency in decisions according to the WHO grade and the risk group, regardless of the individual diagnosis. As of December 2022, there were 22 OLDU protocols available for the management of gliomas in Korea. The consensus and available options described in this report will be temporarily helpful until there is an accumulation of evidence for effective management under the new classification system for gliomas.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.376-382
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• 2017

Purpose: The consistent rise in the number of foreign students in Korea demands an accurate and detailed investigation into their dietary practices and nutritional status. For these international students, assimilation into new cultures can be stressful. The influence this process may have on dietary behaviors as well as overall health cannot be overlooked. Methods: The researchers in this study sought to investigate the nutritional status and dietary practices of Ghanaian students studying in Korea. A total of 81 Ghanaian male students with an average age of $29.4{\pm}4.0years$ were sampled between May and June 2016. Investigations were carried out on the general characteristics of the participants, their daily food and nutrient intakes using a 24-h dietary recall method, meal skipping practices, and the nutritional quality of their diets based on their meal skipping habits. Results: The study revealed that the daily nutrient intake of subjects did not fully meet the daily recommended nutrient intake (RNI) established by Ghanaian Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), particularly for energy, calcium, iron, zinc, and vitamin B2 requirements. The Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) for calcium was very low, posing a deficiency risk to the participants. Meal skipping practices among participants changed significantly after arriving in Korea. The study also compared the diet quality indicators (Nutrient Adequacy Ratio and Mean Adequacy Ratio) of those who skipped meals ${\geq}7times/week$ with those who skipped meals < 7 times/week. Participants who skipped meals ${\geq}7times/week$ were shown to have lower dietary intakes of vitamins B1 and B2 than those who skipped meals < 7 times/week. Conclusion: Ultimately, the study found that meal skipping among Ghanaian students was common, and their daily nutrient intakes did not meet the set dietary standards. Those who skipped meals ${\geq}7times/week$ had lower dietary intakes of vitamins B1 and B2 than those who skipped meals < 7 times/week. Based on our study findings, we recommend that nutrition education should be organized for the Ghanaian student community in Korea using our results as a template to draw up a nutrition program that is culturally appropriate.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.390-392
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• 2005

A case of chordoid meningioma occurring in a 61-year-old woman who did not have a Castleman's disease is presented. The patient had suffered from headache and motor dysphasia. Laboratory findings are normal. The tumor, located in the left frontal region and associated with peritumoral edema, was totally resected. Surgical specimen revealed a solid mass with irregular surface that measured $3.5{\times}4.5{\times}4cm$. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells expressed epithelial membrane antigen[EMA] focally, but not S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acid protein [GFAP], and the Ki-67 proliferative index of the tumor was 9%. The neoplasm was diagnosed chordoid meningioma of the World Health Organization[WHO] grade II. After total resection, her preoperative headache and dysphasia were disappeared.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.1-25
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• 2020

The World Health Organization estimated that more than a billion people (or 15% of the world's population) lives with disabilities. They have the same information needs as non-disabled people. Nevertheless, as the World Blind Union estimated, less than 10% of published books are ever made into accessible formats in developed countries. The role of the national library should be very important to improve the information accessibility for the disabled. Based on this perspective, this study analyzed and compared the history and development, legal basis and organization, main functions and tasks, and service features for the disabled for the Library of Congress of the United States, MTM(Myndigheten för Tillgängliga Medier) of Sweden, National Diet Library of Japan, and SALB (South African Library for the Blind) of Republic of South Africa representing the nationwide disability services by continent. And based on the results of the analysis, this study suggested ways to strengthen the capacity of the National Library for the Disabled of Korea.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.156-162
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• 2024

Humanity has gone since a long time through several pandemics; we cite H1N1 in 2009 and also Spanish flu in 1917. In December 2019, the health authorities of China detected unexplained cases of pneumonia. The WHO (World Health Organization) has declared the apparition of Covid-19 (novel Coronavirus). In data analysis, multiple approaches and diverse techniques were used to extract useful information from multiple heterogeneous sources and to discover knowledge and new information for decision-making. In this paper, we propose a multidimensional model for analyzing the Coronavirus Covid-19 data (spread and vaccination in European countries).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.43-56
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• 2023

The aviation industry has continued to grow despite the influence of external environmental factors such as SARS and MERS. However, this growth has led to a sharp decrease in air traffic and a crisis of flight suspension due to the collapse of the global value chain and the decline of the world economy as the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the decrease in the number of international flights, aviation workers such as pilots and cabin crew were exposed to high psychological stress and fatigue, such as large-scale layoffs, job instability, decrease in income, and increased risk of infection during. Recently, the international community has eased immigration restrictions through quarantine activities, and airlines are taking a step further to recover existing air demand. However, during the crisis period, a significant number of professional workers have been turned off or fired, and the physical and mental fatigue of those who can perform their duties is increasing. Therefore, this paper intends to examine the direction of policy improvement and the identification of problems in aviation safety and fatigue management after the pandemic.