• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.409-434
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• 2011

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of servicescape on post evaluation of hospitality industry in Gyeongnam. Customers of deluxe hotels in Gyeongnam were selected for a questionnaire survey. To achieve the study objective, 253 valid questionnaires were statistically analyzed, using frequency analysis, factor, reliability analysis and regression analysis. The results of the multiple regression analysis indicated that five of servicescape factors had significant impact on customer satisfaction and customer retention. The servicescape factors partially exerted a positive influence on word-of-mouth intention. The result of the simple regression analysis also indicated that the customer satisfaction had very significant impact on customer retention and word-of-mouth intention.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.181-197
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• 2015

This study examined the influence of perceived value, perceived quality, reasonable price of subtropical vegetables on trust, purchase intention and word of mouth among hotel chefs. For this investigation, a survey was carried out targeting hotel chefs in Korea with experience with subtropical vegetables. A total of 380 questionnaires were distributed to selected chefs over 20 days from October 1st to October 20th, 2014, of which 353 valid questionnaires were used after the exclusion of responses missing values or too much weighted tendency. A frequency analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted with the use of the SPSS 18.0 package. The analysis results are as follows. First, perceived value, perceived quality and reasonable price had a positive influence on trust. Second, trust had a positive effect on purchase intention and word of mouth. Third, purchase intention positively influenced word of mouth.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.683-687
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• 2010

This paper studied some methods which use frequency warping method that is the one of the speech transformation method to develope the robust speech recognition system for the emotional variation. For this purpose, the effect of emotional variations on the speech signal were studied using speech database containing various emotions and it is observed that speech spectrum is affected by the emotional variation and this effect is one of the reasons that makes the performance of the speech recognition system worse. In this paper, new training method that uses frequency warping in training process is presented to reduce the effect of emotional variation and the speech recognition system based on vocal tract length normalization method is developed to be compared with proposed system. Experimental results from the isolated word recognition using HMM showed that new training method reduced the error rate of the conventional recognition system using speech signal containing various emotions.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2023

Tohoku Japanese is known to have voiced stops without pre-voicing in word-initial position, whereas traditional or conservative Japanese has voiced stops with pre-voicing in the same position. One problem with this devoicing of voiced stops is that it affects the distinction between voiced and voiceless stops because their voice onset time (VOT) values overlap. Previous studies have confirmed that Tohoku speakers use post-stop fundamental frequency (F0) as an acoustic cue along with VOT to avoid overlap. However, the role of post-stop F0 as a perceptual cue in this region has barely been investigated. Therefore, this study explored the role of post-stop F0 in stop voicing perception along with VOT. Several perception tests were conducted using resynthesized stimuli, which were manipulated along a VOT continuum orthogonal to an F0 continuum. The results showed no significant regional difference (Tohoku vs. Chubu) for nonsense words (/ta-da/). However, for meaningful words (/pari/ 'Paris' vs. /bari/ 'Bali,' /piza/ 'pizza' vs. /biza/ 'visa'), a significant word effect was found, and it was confirmed that some listeners utilized the post-stop F0 more consistently and steadily than others. Based on these results, we discuss innovative listeners who may lead the change in the perception of stop voicing.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.193-220
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• 2018

Recent studies have demonstrated that word frequency, word length, neighborhood and word shape may have a role in visual word recognition. Shape information may affect word processing in different ways as Korean letter system works differently than that of English. The purpose of this study was to apply Gestalt's continuity principle to Korean alphabetic script(hangul), and to investigate the processing unit of hangul and to verify whether syllable shape affects word recognition in hangul. In experiment 1, three syllable words were utilized and two variables; 1) syllable types(horizontal syllable shape, e.g., "가". vertical syllable shape, e.g., "고") and 2) presenting direction (horizontal, vertical) were manipulated. Whereas "가" meets the criteria of Gestalt's continuity principle, "고" does not. Based on the result of lexical decision time, horizontal syllable shape type showed significant performance improvement, when compared to vertical syllable shape type, regardless of the presenting direction. In experiment 2, syllable types(horizontal syllable shape, vertical syllable shape) and the visual relationship between prime and target(identical, similar, different) were manipulated by using masked priming. There was a significant performance difference between the visual relationship of prime and target, and thus the effect of syllable shape was verified.

• MALSORI
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• no.21_24
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• pp.43-89
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• 1992

In this thesis, the prominent aspect of word accent in standard Korean is studied by auditory test and acoustic analysis experiment. The definition of 'accent' is, following Hoyoung Lee's discussion(1990), to be described as 'the means whereby a focused part of an utterance is made to stand out in order to concentrate the hearer's attention on it.' That is to say, the ten of 'accent' may be described in terms of phonological phenomenon and the accented syllable can be phonetically prominent as the result of those phonological process. Prosodic features may have different characteristics in different languages whether they contain linguistically important functions or not. Thus the characteristics of word accent in standard Korean will be determined as the content and trait of prosodic features. Following this viewpoint, present study looked over prosodic features which may effect the characteristics of word accent in standard Korean, through systematic experimental procedure. And the result of this experiment has been verified by statistical method, the T-test, for the purpose of identifying the relatedness among prosodic features(parameters). This thesis, therefore, aimed to investigate the intrinsic acoustic and physical qualities of the word accent in standard Korean. Nonsense words composed by 'mal' and 'ma' which can be divided into 'heavy syllable' and 'light syllable' quoted from Hyman(1975) have been classified into 28 types with respect to syllable numbers(2 syl., 3 sy1., 4 syl.) and these words have become the target of auditory test and acoustic experiment. As the result of those experimental Procedures, the word accent in standard Korean may be said that it has a tendency of fixing first two syllables regardless of syllable numbers. The syllable types of HH, HL, LL in the first two syllables may be prominent at first syllable and the type of H may be at second syllable. Various prosodic features(parameters) including duration, intensity, and Fo(purely phonetic terms) were also strengthened in those positions. The result of this experiment can be cleared up like these : 1. The most important feature is proved as 'duration', the feature of intensity resulted in more subsidiary one than the feature of duration. 2. Fo( fundamental frequency) could be observed as having some coherent contour through almost all syllable types(99 ％), that is, in 2 syllable types, it had rising contour, in 2 syllable types, rising-falling contour, and in 4 syllable types, it contained rising-falling-rising contour. The result of auditory test was different with those contour forms of all Fo surveyed. With respect to these results, the discuss for Fo is determined' to be excluded comparing other features. 3. Finally, this thesis resulted in a decision that the word accent in standard Korean may has fixed(somewhat weaker) accent, especially fixed at first two syllables in almost all words. 4. Various kinds of syllable types related with 2,3,4 syllables, therefore, can be reclassified into 4 types of HH, HL, LH, LL following the concept of accent fixing placement(i.e. first two syllables). In these 4 types, the types of HH, HL, LL were prominent at the position of the first syllable , and the type of LH was prominent at the second syllable otherwise.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.6 s.72
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• pp.143-152
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to know the effectiveness of prolonged-speech treatment program on school-age children with stuttering. Two male and One female subjects participated in this study. The speech of 3 subjects in the treatment was assessed on frequency of stuttering, stuttering Pattern, degree of severity in stuttering. This Program was taken from Ryan's the step of traditional therapy Program and prolonged-speech technique program. and then, modified in accordance with the purpose of this study. The treatment program were consisted of Four stages. The results of this study were as follows: First, 3 subjects can speak with greatly reduced stuttering frequency after treatment Second, in the stuttering pattern, all subjects were changed from part-word repetition in stuttering into a prolongation in stuttering. And also, all subjects showed similar effect in the maintenance.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.279-285
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• 2023

This study provides academic implications by considering trends of domestic research regarding therapy for Mental disorder schizophrenia and psychosocial. For the analysis of this study, text mining with the use of R program and social network analysis method have been used and 65 papers have been collected The result of this study is as follows. First, collected data were visualized through analysis of keywords by using word cloud method. Second, keywords such as intervention, schizophrenia, research, patients, program, effect, society, mind, ability, function were recorded with highest frequency resulted from keyword frequency analysis. Third, LDA (latent Dirichlet allocation) topic modeling result showed that classified into 3 keywords: patient, subjects, intervention of psychosocial, efficacy of interventions. Fourth, the social network analysis results derived connectivity, closeness centrality, betweennes centrality. In conclusion, this study presents significant results as it provided basic rehabilitation data for schizophrenia and psychosocial therapy through new research methods by analyzing with big data method by proposing the results through visualization from seeking research trends of schizophrenia and psychosocial therapy through text mining and social network analysis.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2E
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• pp.31-37
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• 1998

This paper proposes a feature extraction method using wavelet transform for speech recognition. Speech recognition system generally carries out the recognition task based on speech features which are usually obtained via time-frequency representations such as Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and Linear Predictive Coding(LPC). In some respects these methods may not be suitable for representing highly complex speech characteristics. They map the speech features with same may not frequency resolutions at all frequencies. Wavelet transform overcomes some of these limitations. Wavelet transform captures signal with fine time resolutions at high frequencies and fine frequency resolutions at low frequencies, which may present a significant advantage when analyzing highly localized speech events. Based on this motivation, this paper investigates the effectiveness of wavelet transform for feature extraction of wavelet transform for feature extraction focused on enhancing speech recognition. The proposed method is implemented using Sampled Continuous Wavelet Transform (SCWT) and its performance is tested on a speaker-independent isolated word recognizer that discerns 50 Korean words. In particular, the effect of mother wavelet employed and number of voices per octave on the performance of proposed method is investigated. Also the influence on the size of mother wavelet on the performance of proposed method is discussed. Throughout the experiments, the performance of proposed method is discussed. Throughout the experiments, the performance of proposed method is compared with the most prevalent conventional method, MFCC (Mel0frequency Cepstral Coefficient). The experiments show that the recognition performance of the proposed method is better than that of MFCC. But the improvement is marginal while, due to the dimensionality increase, the computational loads of proposed method is substantially greater than that of MFCC.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.1
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• pp.82-90
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• 2021

In this study, the validity of the forest therapy process, in which forest activities using forest therapy factors lead to immunity promotion and health promotion, was analyzed theoretically and qualitatively to refine and systemize the forest therapy concept. Research and analysis data were collected from the websites of institutions related to forest therapy; 33 theses and 33 original research articles from 2000 to March 2020 were searched for forest therapy key words, as well as the prize winning work of the 2016 forest therapy experience essay. A word cloud was generated by frequency of nouns and adjectives and from the key words in the web pages, theses, articles, and the forest therapy experience essay. Through interpretation of word frequency, the systemic flow of forest therapy was defined. The results suggest that the source of forest therapy's power was a positive experience of the forest and an improved attitude toward nature as well as forest therapeutic factors. The therapeutic effect is maximized through the forest healing program, leading to physical and mental resilience and resistance; consequently, health and immunity are promoted. From this study, forest therapy is proposed as "a health promotion activity for the psychological, physical, and spiritual resilience of the subjects through various environmental factors of the forest, positive experiences, and attitudes toward the forest."