• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.25-32
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• 2008

The prevention of disasters in cultural property is very important management and historical duties. The reason can't be measured values with monetary scale of our contemporary. Therefore, this paper was considered fire-safety as one of terrible threat-disasters about the wooden buildings. This research deal with 47 cases cultural property wooden building by whole investigation(field survey and interview) in Gangnung province. The most buildings have basic fire extinguisher; ABC powder. A few buildings are rarely installed fire extinguishing equipments; outdoor fire hydrant, heat sensor, ground sprinkler, CO2-hose-reel. But these state is very insufficient for the fire-safety in cultural property wooden buildings. Specially as particular attention in province, forest fire of regional characteristic have close relation with cultural property fire. The majority of factor against forest and building fire is to provide monitoring and security system; CCTV, Fence, Sensor, Alarm and paid guard man against incendiary. Ultimately it is necessary to construct comprehensive disaster prevention system with the organic cooperation such as National Emergency Management Agency, Cultural Heritage Administration, Forest Service, local government officials and regional citizen.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.4 no.1 s.4
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• pp.53-58
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• 1995

In order to establish the procedures for investigating environmental influences to wooden cultural property, existing study data were surveyed and necessary steps for performing the investigation works were presented to be applied for the future works in this country. Environmental factors which influence to the conservation of wooden cultural property should first be studied for items concerned with their damage situations. On basis of these data, laboratory works to yield the standard value for each factor should be conducted by means of testing samples exposed under laboratory simulated environmental conditions. Outdoor measurements may be followed for samples exposed to the open air at the site of that property. These data may be compared with those of laboratory standard value and overall evaluation for the factor influencing mostly tn the damage status of that property may further be conducted. Referring data obtained in this investigation, necessary measures to be taken for conserving that property may be able to be established.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.761-769
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• 2019

In modern societies, people spend most of their time indoors and the temperature and humidity controlled by electrical appliances have a considerable effect on their emotions and health. However, improper operation of the artificial facilities frequently creates substances that are harmful to our body. The importance of controlling the natural humidity of interior materials has therefore attracted significant attention. This study was aimed at quantifying the hygroscopic property of some interior finishing wooden materials. Dried and heat-treated yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) lumbers, oriented strand board, and plywood were selected for this experiment. The moisture adsorption and desorption rates of wooden materials were measured (ISO 24353). Furthermore, the effects of morphological, physical and chemical factors, such as surface microstructure, roughness, and functional groups, on the hygroscopicity were evaluated. The results of this study should contribute to improved accuracy of hygroscopic-property assessments performed on wooden interior materials.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.526-538
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• 2016

Fumigants are used worldwide for control of biological agents that damage wooden cultural property. To establish a policy for fumigant use, biological evaluation of insects and microorganisms considering many factors is required. This study was performed to evaluate biological sensitivity and wood penetration of three fumigants applied for control of biological agents that damage wooden cultural properties in Korea. Among these, methyl bromide and ethylene oxide can control insects and fungi when exposed directly. However, they were unable to completely control biological agents within deeper parts of wood. Ethanedinitrile, which was developed as an alternative fumigant, exhibited outstanding wood penetration and biocidal efficacy. Further research involving various environmental conditions is warranted.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.95-100
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• 2012

In this study, there has been investigated the simulation of irradiation dose using Monte Carlo methodology for the biological control of wooden cultural property. In the evaluation of fungal contamination on wooden cultural properties, Cladosporium tenuissimum, Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium sp. were mainly identified from the Gimjeotgae. But these microorganisms were completely inactivated by 20 kGy gamma-rays. For dosimetry simulation of wooden cultural properties, Monte Carlo methodology with MCNP was used. The radiation absorbed dose distribution was predicted at 8.2~18.9 kGy. These results show that irradiation is effective for biologic control of wooden cultural properties and Monte Carlo methodology is useful for non-destructive conservation and preservation of wooden cultural properties.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.62-68
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• 2010

The present study purposed to develop the water mist package system for the cultural properties fire prevention and fire suppression system through analyzing fire protection system and cultural property's characteristic, and to suggest directions for the development of cultural property fire prevention system in the future. Maximum safety with minimum damage has issued a main objective in fire protection of the cultural property in Korea. Two types of the water mist nozzles having a low pressure had been developed by KEI. The one is for inside using in wooden cultural properties, the flow rate is 30~35 l/min and the discharging pressure is 13~14 bar. The other one is for out-side of wooden properties, the flow rate is 25~30 l/min and the discharging pressure is 14~15 bar. To evaluate the nozzles performance test, we made the fire scenario and full-scale model of wooden cultural properties for fire test. The size of full-scale model was 4.9 m length, 4 m wide, 6.6 m height, all was made by wooden. This real fire test results showed that the low pressure water mist nozzles having a $200{\mu}m$ dour size were very effectively fire extinguishing and suppression on wooden cultural properties fire. Even though the oil fuel fire was not extinguished, the fire suppression effects for the during mobilization of fire brigade was enough.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.15-21
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• 2021

This study aims to derive the problems of firefighting and safety measures for architectural heritage with a wooden structure in rural areas and present their improvement measures. To identify those problems, this study grasped the features of the cultural heritage through the building structure and environment of a wooden Catholic secondary station in Dangjin, and analyzed fires that may occur and safety factors. As a result, although the mission station is an important cultural property in terms of its history, place and local identity, it had problems with disaster prevention systems such as vulnerable safety including fire and difficulties in fire recognition and initial firefighting. Therefore, this study concluded through its review and analysis that a disaster prevention system such as stronger firefighting is needed; that fire fighting facilities suitable for the characteristics of the secondary station with a wooden structure should be installed and a main player should be arranged in fire prevention activities to improve the fire prevention system of the cultural property; and that as most mission stations are located in rural areas, it is necessary to more thoroughly protect wooden-structure secondary stations from natural disasters such as forest fire and to improve fire response measures.

• Journal of Korean Society of societal Security
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2010

This study was conducted to provide a method for fire suppression in a central area inside the roof of a wooden cultural property using a gas extinguishing apparatus, which is used as one of fire suppression methods with view to preventing valuable wooden properties inherited from ancestors from being destructed by fire. For a wooden property, it is very difficult to suppress fire when combustion spreads to a central area inside its roof, so it is impossible to put out a fire without destructing it. Such a fire fighting apparatus as a sprinkler, etc., installed in modern structures, is very effective, but the possibility of damaging a cultural property is highly probable after installment and operation, which leads to its low adaptability to a wooden property. Thus, the necessity of developing a fire suppress ion apparatus was raised to minimize the said problem and to obtain the desired results, and the need of making a plan on the installment was also raised based on the results of a test whose validity was proven. The central area inside a roof is a traditional - architectural style which is found in Korean wooden structures only, so it is impossible to discover similar cases in foreign countries. For this reason, this study was conducted to verify the effectiveness by developing a fixed fire suppression apparatus designed considering the speed and effectiveness in fire suppression. This study was sequentially carried out in the following steps. First, a frame for this study was made and the specific plan on a fire suppression method was established. Then, a fire suppression apparatus was installed. In the first step, the effectiveness for fire suppression was tested by installing valve open - punched - main water pores, and in the second step, the same effectiveness was tested by valve opened - punched - injection ports. For a wooden property similar to "Sungnyemun"(Gate of Exalted Ceremonies), its central area of the roof decides whether the fire suppression is successful or not, so the opinions on how to put out a fire were presented in this study, and thus the objective data to establish a method on fire suppression in a wooden structure(cultural property) was secured. Lastly, a scientific verification in the effectiveness for fire suppression measures was presented by installing a gas - fixed fire suppression apparatus.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2011

In this study, there has been investigated the simulation of irradiation dose using Monte Carlo methodology and experimental substantiation for the biological control of wooden cultural property. In the evaluation of fungal contamination on wooden cultural property, Dongyae, from exhibition storage, Aureobasidium pullulans was mainly identified. But these microorganisms were completely inactivated by 20 kGy gamma irradiation. For dosimetry simulation of Dongyae, Monte Carlo methodology with MCNP was used. The real dosimetry was measured using alanin dosimeters (at 7 different points on the front plan and 7 points on the back plan). Simulated and experimental results are compared and good agreement is observed. These result shows that irradiation can offer biologic control of wooden cultural property by optimal irradiation dose through high penetration power and Monte Carlo simulation.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.71-90
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• 2010

This research has set up the fire protection and early suppression plan for Asan Oeam folk village which is composed of traditional wooden building instinct or complex. The results of this study are as follows. 1. The traditional wooden buildings require attentive considerations about the fire property of the Waga and the straw roofed house. Especially, as the straw roofed house has property that the transfer and development of the fire is fast. Therefore we studied on the transferring possibilities of the fire dangerous instinct through measuring the distance from of the eaves edge and trees in neighboring house. 2. This research proposes the tools for the priority protective building through consideration of fire risk and cultural priority because the fire prevention for all is impossible at the same time. 3. The most important thing is preserve the cultural identities of traditional folk village in establishing the fire hydrant and fire prevention facilities. Traditional folk village landscape should be considered.