• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.864-871
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• 2016

This study was conducted to compare and analyze gross calorific values from measurement methods of lignocellulosic biomass and calculation data from calorific value prediction models based on the elemental content. The deviation of Liriodendron tulipifera (LT) and Populus euramericana (PE) was shown 7.7 cal/g and 7.4 cal/g respectively in palletization method, which are within repeatability limit 28.8 cal/g of ISO FDIS 18125. In the case of Thailand charcoal (TC), nontreatment method and palletization method was satisfied with repeatability limit as 22.8 cal/g and 8.8 cal/g respectively. Seowon charcoal (SC) was shown deviation of 11.4 cal/g in nontreatment method, because the density and chemical affinity of sample increases as the carbon content increases from heat treatment at high temperature in the case of TC and SC. In addition, after applying the elemental content of each of these samples to the calorific value prediction models, the study found that Model Equation (3) was relatively consistent with measured calorific values of all these lignocellulosic biomass. Thus, study about the correlation between the density and size of particle should be conducted in order to select the measurement method for a wide range of solid biofuels in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.247-253
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• 2018

To replace the imported biomass and to effectively cope with growing RPS(Renewable Portfolio Standard) in power sector, the domestic forest biomass resources for wood pellets were estimated from the preceding research and annual growth rate of forest trees in this study. Assuming that 20% of the by-product from forest trees processing were used as raw material for wood pellet and the wood pellet production capacity was based on the average value derived from the above two methods, unused by-product and residues generated 1.99million tons in 2016, 2.28million tons in 2020 and 3.08million tons in 2030. If 20% of by-products(pebbles, sawdust, etc.) from roundwood processing were used as raw material for wood pellets, the wood pellet could be produced 2.74million tons/year in 2016, 2.95million tons/year in 2020, 3.98million tons/year in 2030. Therefore, total amounts of wood pellet would be increased to 2.74million tons/year in 2016, 3.14million tons/year in 2020, 4.23million tons/year in 2030 when it considered unused by-product and residues from wood processing as raw materials.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.542-554
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• 2023

This study is a continuation of our previous work, which focused on the resistance of jabon wood to termites after impregnation with wood vinegar (WV) and animal-based adhesive (kak). This paper presents the physicomechanical properties of fast-growing jabon wood impregnated with kak at two concentrations (8% and 10%) in wood vinegar or water as a solvent with and without 4% borax. The physical properties of the impregnation solution, that is, viscosity, density, pH, and solid content, were evaluated according to SNI 06-4567-1998. Some physical parameters, such as weight percent gain (WPG), density, water uptake, anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), crystallinity, and mechanical properties, i.e., modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and compression strength parallel to the grain (CS), of the impregnated wood were determined. Based on these results, wood impregnated using a mixture of kak in WV presented better physical (increased WPG, density, dimensional stability, and crystallinity) and mechanical (increased MOE/MOR and compression strength) properties than wood impregnated with a water solvent or untreated wood. The wood impregnated using WV and water solvent improved the physical and mechanical properties. The density of the wood increased by 44%-58% and 32%-47%, ASE radial-tangential increased by 38%-45%; 15%-28% after 24 h of water immersion, crystallinity increased by 59%-74%; 36%, MOE increased by 46%-57%; 28%-31%, MOR increased by 29%-34%; 14%-27%, and compression strength increased by 40%-76%; 38%-72% values to untreated wood.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.274-286
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• 2009

Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant raw material for bioconversion in many country. However the high costs for pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis currently deter commercialization of lignocellulosic biomass, especially wood biomass which is considered as the most recalcitrant material for enzymatic hydrolysis mainly due to the high lignified structure and the nature of the lignin component. Therefore, overcoming recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass for converting carbohydrates into intermediates that can subsequently be converted into biobased fuels and biobased products is the primary technical and economic challenge for bioconversion process. This study was mainly reviewed on the research trend of pretreatment with lignocellulosic biomass in bioethanol production process.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.16-21
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• 2006

This study aimed to assess biomass energy resources available from waste wood due to forest land conversion. Forest land area of 7,806ha on annul average during 2001-2005 was converted to other land use and the growing stock of $266,551m^3$ was felled annually due to the conversion. Biomass energy potential of waste wood due to forest land conversion was estimated to 102,325 tons of biomass on annual average during 2001-2005 of which 57,945 tons were from coniferous forest and 44,379 tons were from broadleaved forest. Biomass energy Potential Per unit area Per year increased for the same period and was estimated to 13.0 tons of biomass on annual average.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

This study analyzed the anticipated supply-and-demand of forest biomass energy (through wood pellets) until 2050, in South Korea. Comparing the utilization rates of forest resources of five countries (United Kingdom, Germany, Finland, Japan, and S. Korea), it was found that S. Korea does not nearly utilize its forest resources for energy purposes. The total demand for wood pellets in S. Korea (based on a power generation efficiency of 38%) was predicted to be 3,629 and 4,371 thousand tons in 2034 and 2050, respectively. The anticipated total wood pellet power generation ratio to target power consumption is 1.13% (5,745 GWh), 1.17% (6,336 GWh), and 1.25% (7,631 GWh) in 2020, 2030, and 2050, respectively. Low value-added forest residues left unattended in forests are called "Unused Forest Biomass" in S. Korea. From the analysis, the total annual potential amount of raw material, sustainably collectible amount, and available amount of wood pellet in 2050 were estimated to be 6,877, 4,814, and 3,370 thousand tons, respectively. The rate of contribution to Nationally Determined Contributions was up to 0.64%. Through this study, the authors found that forest biomass energy will contribute to a carbon neutral society in the near future at the national level.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.68-74
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• 1997

This research was studied dissolving pulp for rayon production, which is not KP, SP methods but steam explosion and oxygen alkali treatment. The variation of characterization in wood cellulose after steam explosion and oxygen alkali treatment this follows. In the oxygen alkali treatment of exploded pine wood, yield of dissolving pulp was lower than steam-exploded oak wood, and we have obtained dissolving pulp that high purity cellulose, but degree of polymerization was inclined to decrease less than 200. In the case of steam-exploded oak wood, degree of polymerization was higher than steam-exploded pine wood but purity of cellulose was lower than its.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.320-328
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• 2017

This paper describes the non-isothermal pyrolysis of wood pellet and saw dust, and their blends with bituminous coal. The blends showed the distinct, two peaks in thermogravimetric curves, and the first peak came from the biomass pyrolysis and the second one came from the coal pyrolysis. The interaction in the blend was evaluated in terms of the maximum rate of weight loss, characteristic temperatures, char yields, and the calculated and experimental thermogravimetric curves. The activation energies and frequency factors for the blends were obtained with the multi-stage, Coats and Redfern method. The respective activation energies of 73 and 67 kJ/mol and the frequency factors of 725,100 and $65,262min^{-1}$ were obtained for the present wood pellet and saw dust samples. The thermogravimetric study shows that there is no significant interaction between the present biomass and coal in the blends, and the pyrolysis behavior can be described with the additive rule.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.166-171
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• 2016

Size reduction is one of the major pre-processing operations in using biomass as a source of energy or raw materials for forest products industry. The grinding characteristics of dried yellow poplar wood chips were investigated using laboratory knife mill with three different screen aperture diameters to provide the basic information for the optimizing of size reduction processes in biomass industry. Average specific energy consumptions were 0.157, 0.137, and 0.093 Wh/g for the screen aperture diameters of 5.0, 7.5, and 9.0 mm, respectively. According to the results of size distribution analysis of ground particles, the sizes of the most of ground particles were much smaller than the aperture diameters of the screens installed on knife mill used in this study.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.181-194
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• 2015

In this work, an experimental study of the gasification on wood was carried out in downdraft type fixed bed Gasifier attached with 10 kW duel fuel diesel engine. The main objective of the study was to use wood as the biomass fuel for downdraft Gasifier and to evaluate the operating parameter of gasifier unit to predict its performance in terms of gas yield and cold gas efficiency. The influence of different biomass on fuel consumption rate, gas yield and cold gas efficiency was studied. Composition of producer gas was also detected for measuring the lower heating value of producer gas to select the feed stock so that optimum performance in the existing gasifier unit can be achieved. Under the experimental conditions, Lower heating value, of producer gas, cold gas efficiency and gas yields, using wood as a feed stock, are $4.85MJ/m^3$, 46.57% and $0.519m^3/kg$.