• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.355-359
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of our study is to examine the clinical significance of vertebrobasilar artery[VBA] fenestration and duplication. In addition, we review its incidence and pathogenesis. Methods : Cerebral angiography was performed in 803 patients and magnetic resonance angiography[MRA] in 880; the patients had or were suspected to have cerebrovascular disease. We retrospectively reviewed angiography and MRA. Results : Fifteen patients [eight men, seven women, 3 to 77 years of age, median age = 58 years] had a VBA fenestration and duplication. Seven [7/803 = 0.87%] of the patients undergoing cerebral angiography revealed fenestrations and one duplication of VBA. Ten patients [10/880 = 114%] among 880 patients that underwent MRA demonstrated fenestration of basilar artery[BA]. Two of 66 patients that underwent both conventional cerebral angiography and cranial MRA showed a fenestration of BA. Twelve fenestrations were located in the proximal portion of the BA and one was in the mid portion of the BA. One vertebral artery[VA] fenestration was located in the intracranial portion of the right VA, and one VA duplication was at the level of $C_{1-2}$ in the left VA. Conclusion : In addition to medial defects, flow phenomena at the proximal end of fenestrations, where hemodynamic stress and increased turbulence are present, may contribute to aneurysm formation. And arterial fenestration is a predisposing factor in vascular injury and cerebral ischemia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.314-324
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• 2000

Evaluation of nutritional status of the elderly imposes different problem from the other age groups. It is essential to use right instrument to assess food consumption. In Korea, the food frequency questionnaire has not been applied widely to elderly people. The purpose of this study is to assess the possibility of employing a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(FFQ) for the Korean elderly to estimate nutrient and/or food intakes. In this study the FFQ for the elderly was developed and validated. The subjects were 144 free-living old women aged from 65 to 90. The FFQ was designed with 4 items for cereals and 86 items for other foods and with frequency of 12 intervals. Three portion sizes were given to select : 1/2 of standard amount, standard amount, and 11/2 of standard amount. ach subject was interviewed with newly developed FFQ form and same subjects were also involved to complete 3-day diet record. Nutrient intake was calculated using software program developed by our group. The nutrient intakes by the FFQ was validated by comparing the results with 3-day diet record. The FFQ estimated significantly higher mean intakes of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fats and vitamin C than did the diet reconrds(p<0.05). Pearson's correlation coefficients between two methods ranged from 0.21 for vitamin Q to 0.69 for alcohol(mean r=0.53). From 32% to 42% of the subjects were classified in the same quintile of nutrient intake by two methods, and 63% to 84% were classified in the same or adjacent quintile. On average, only 4% of the subjects were misclassified into extreme quitiles. The results indicate that the FFQ developed for the elderly in this study is useful for classifying individuals by rank and identifying groups at extremes of nutrient intakes.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.74-78
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• 2006

Objective : We examined the incidence of fenestration in the proximal segment of the anterior cerebral artery[ACA] and reviewed its clinical significance. Methods : Cerebral angiography was performed in 843 patients and magnetic resonance angiography[MRA] in 1,787; all patients had, or were suspected to have, cerebrovascular disease. We subsequently reviewed the angiography and MRA data. Results : Fourteen patients [six men and eight women, $35{\sim}81$ years of age, median age = 67 years] had proximal ACA fenestrations. Three of the 843 patients [0.36%] undergoing cerebral angiography had fenestrations of proximal ACA as did eleven of the 1,787 MRA patients [0.62%]. Seven fenestrations were located on the right side and seven fenestrations were located on the left side. The fenestrated ACA in one patient was associated with a saccular aneurysm at its proximal end. None of the 120 patients who underwent both conventional cerebral angiography and cranial MRA showed fenestration of proximal ACA. Conclusion : Although fenestration of ACA has little clinical significance, knowledge and recognition of this condition is important in the interpretation of cerebral images, especially during neurosurgical procedures.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2013

This study investigated the formation of silhouette and hemline shape of knit flare skirts according to the properties of knit material through virtual clothing with a 3D virtual clothing system called i-Designer of Technoa, thus building a database of the property data of knit material to reduce the number of sample making steps repeated and implemented several times in the process of clothes making. The results would help to estimate a silhouette in advance, offer assistance to the development of original knit wear, and explore ways to provide basic data for the development of the knit industry of the nation. The investigator made 12 kinds of experimental clothes to the angles(width of skirt: $90^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$), gauge(7G, 12G, and 15G), and grain directions(wale and bias direction) of experimental clothes for virtual clothing. The dynamic characteristics of knit skirt samples according to each gauge were measured with the KES-FB system. Draper shapes were analyzed with the sectional shape data of hemline based on i-Designer. As for the measurements of the sectional shape of hemline and the formation of silhouette, the number of nodes, the average height of node mountains and valleys, and the hemline width right and left and before and after increased at the angle of $180^{\circ}$ than $90^{\circ}$. As gauges multiplied, the number of nodes, and silhouette angle dropping. When considering grain directions, the number of nodes and silhouette index increased in the wale direction at the angle of $90^{\circ}$ with the number of nodes and silhouette angle increasing in the wale direction at the angle of $180^{\circ}$.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2016

최근 하드웨어와 소프웨어의 발전으로 데이터의 처리 용량과 처리 속도도 급속하게 증가하고 있다. 이로 인한 데이터 사용량은 기하급수적으로 증가하고 있으며, 이미 컴퓨터가 처리해야하는 자료는 초당 5천 트랜잭션을 넘었다. 이처럼 빅데이터가 중요한 이유는 실시간 때문이며, 이는 어떠한 상황에서도 모든 데이터를 분석하여 정확한 데이터를 적시에 얻을 수 있기 때문이다. 또한, 빅데이터를 활용한 스마트 공장을 만들면 개발 및 생산비용, 품질관리 비용 감소효과가 있을 것으로 예상하고 많은 연구가 수행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 많은 데이터들이 발생하는 반도체 공정에서 고속의 빅데이터 처리를 위한 인-메모리 데이터 그리드를 이용한 시스템을 구현하였으며, 실험을 통해 향상된 성능을 입증하였다. 구현한 시스템은 반도체 뿐 만 아니라 빅데이터를 사용하는 모든 부분에서 응용 가능 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the M&L Trauma Psychotherapy Program on: Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R-K); Euro QOL-5 Dimension (EQ5D); Five-facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ); and psychological tests. Methods: Eight middle-aged women subjected to domestic violence participated in the two-day M&L Trauma Psychotherapy Program. The Program was executed 5 times 2 days for about 3 hours. We evaluated IES-R-K, EQ5D, FFMQ, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), State-Trait Anger Expression inventory (STAXI) and SUDS before the Program and for four weeks afterwards, to analyze the effects of the M&L Trauma Psychotherapy Program. Results: The scores of IES-R-K, BDI, STAI-S, STAI-T, Hwa ST and Hwa CT decreased significantly (p<0.05). EQ5D scores increased significantly (p<0.05) and overall physical condition scale (VAS) increased. In the FFMQ scores, all five facet scores increased slightly. Scores of SUDS decreased significantly right after the program, and remained decreased four weeks later, rather than before the Program (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results suggested that the M&L Trauma Psychotherapy Program improved post-traumatic stress, quality of life and mindfulness skills, and had positive responses to psychological problems - depression, anxiety, anger and distress.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 1992

This study aims at finding a new home economics education with will include male students as its teaching objects, and then providing home economics teachers with useful materials. For this purpose I examined the curriculum of foreign home economics education and analized male and female secondary school students’and their recognition and demand to the home economics education. Investigated persons are male and female students of the first year of 3 sendary schools and their parents in Seoul, who are choosen by menas of random sampling. The items analysis of questionnaires was performed by means of random sampling. The items analysis of questionnaires was performed by means of SPSS. The results are marked with percentage and the significance level is verified by t and X(sup)2 analysis methods. The results obtained from the items analysis are as follows：1 According to the increasing number of female employees, the mechanization of household affaires, and so on, male students and male parents got to realize the necessity of home economics education and the importance of men and women’s cooperation to lead a family life. 2. It is shown that the goal of home economics deucation must be to form a right value point of the family life and family. This fact implies that many examinees regards the home economics education in the moral point of view. 3. In the necessity degree according to each field of the home economics education curriculum, moral and social aspects such as family relationship, home management & economics, human development and bringing up are regarded more important than household affairs and the related technical aspects. 4. In the difference between groups to the necessity degree according to each field of the home economics education curriculum, there are few differences between male and female parents, but there are many differences between male and female students. Male students regards the contents of the home economics education curriculum less necessary than female students. Especially in the field of clothing, residence, human development and bringing up, the difference between male and female students is obvious. 5. The necessity degree of the contents related to environmental pollution, saving of energy and resources, utilizing of computer, etc. is very high.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2009

Through the result of the investigation on costumes in Bulgarian regions, the main factors for the formation of Bulgarian folk costume and its kinds and history have been found out so far as follows. Alhtough varying according to the district and climate, Bulgarian folk costumes have some general features determined by the material, the pattern, the application. For women, Bulgarian costume consists of a white shirt, a single or double apron unique depending on each region(Bruchnick), a basic dress called a tunic (Soukman), and an open-tunic typed coat (saya). The main factors for the formation of Bulgarian folk costume have been under the influence of natural and environmental features and historical streams resulting from its geographical location. Bulgaria is agriculture-oriented society based on a continental climate. Accordingly, as for the classification of costumes, body-fit clothes, such as shirts and jackets which developed in Europe and fit the body shape, have featured in Bulgaria. Besides, Bulgaria was under the rule of Turk for a long time at the end of the Middle Age. Having been influenced a lot those days, its folk costume shows Turkish elements now. With geographical features, it was found that the southern area was influenced most by Turkey and Greece, and the types of folk costumes in Europe developed mainly from the northern area. The adaptation of traditional costume forms to the new cultural and progressive principles of appeal nowadays needs knowledge, as well as feeling. Finding the right measure and proportions of using old ethnic elemints in contemporary clothing is the prerequisite of successful design.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 1999

Background: Essential hyperhidrosis is a condition with excessive sweating, which may be localized in any parts of the body. Thoracic sympathectomy has been a surgical procedure for the management of hyperhidrosis. Methods: We studied 30 ASA I and II patients suffering from severe hyperhidrosis. Bilateral upper thoracoscopic sympathectomy of $T_{2-4}$ was performed in 30 patients under general anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with 2.5% thiopental sodium 5 mg/kg and succinylcholine chloride 1 mg/kg and was maintained with enflurane 1~2 Vol% and $N_2O-O_2$ mixture adjusted to maintain $SpO_2$ greater than 96%. During anesthesia, invasive arterial pressure, heart rate, EKG, $SpO_2$ and capnography were monitored. Skin temperature was measured with thermister probes attached to the index finger of each hand. An increase in temperature after cautery confirmed success of the sympathectomy. Results: There were 14 men and 16 women whose ages ranged from 16 to 46 years old (mean age 22.2). Of these patients, 13 patients had complained of palm-sole hyperhidrosis, 9 of palm-sole-axilla hyperhidrosis, 4 of palm-sole-face hyperhidrosis and 4 of palm-sole-axilla-face hyperhidrosis. The provocative factors of excessive sweating were tension and stress from interpersonal relationships. There was positive familial history in 37%. The most common complication was compensatory hyperhidrosis in 23 patients comprising 76%. Other complication included peumothorax (4 patients), hemothorax (1 patient), ipsilateral Horner's syndrome (1 patient) and paresthesia of right arm (1 patient). The degree of satisfaction was graded as good, fair and poor with 15, 12 and 3 patients, respectively. Conclusions: Thoracoscopic sympathectomy with VATS is an efficient, safe and minimally invasive surgical procedure for essential hyperhidrosis.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2015

한국에서 피알 커뮤니케이션 연구가 본격적으로 시작된 것은 1997년이다. 이 연구는 학술지 "홍보학연구"가 학술진흥재단 등재(후보)지가 된 2003년부터 2012년까지 10년간의 한국피알연구사 융복합적 정리라 할 수 있다. 총 166편의 논문을 분석하는 작업의 초점은 연구의 틀이라 할 수 있는 이론들이다. 한국피알연구의 모습을 진단하는 것이 이 논문의 목적이다. 분석기간 발표된 논문들에 대한 전수조사를 통해 수집된 이론들을 1. 각 이론이 개발된 분야 (피알분야, 인접분야, 타분야), 2. 분석대상(개인, 조직, 사회), 3. 접근수준(기능주의적, 수사학적, 비판이론적 접근)으로 분류했다. 피알연구의 "추운현실"로 표현된 결과에서는 이론적 틀의 부재가 뚜렷한 하나의 특징으로 제시된다. 가장 많이 쓰인 3개의 이론은 공중관계성이론, 위기이론, 상황이론이었다. 연구주제로서 조직중심접근의 기능주의적 경향, 다수의 개인심리분석 연구에서 보이는 심리학이론의 활발한 차용 등이 주목할만한 현상이었다. 피알연구의 활성화와 발전을 위한 학제적 접근 등이 결론으로 제시된다.