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Functional clustering for electricity demand data: A case study (시간단위 전력수요자료의 함수적 군집분석: 사례연구)

  • Yoon, Sanghoo;Choi, Youngjean
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.885-894
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    • 2015
  • It is necessary to forecast the electricity demand for reliable and effective operation of the power system. In this study, we try to categorize a functional data, the mean curve in accordance with the time of daily power demand pattern. The data were collected between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2011. And it were converted to time series data consisting of seasonal components and error component through log transformation and removing trend. Functional clustering by Ma et al. (2006) are applied and parameters are estimated using EM algorithm and generalized cross validation. The number of clusters is determined by classifying holidays or weekdays. Monday, weekday (Tuesday to Friday), Saturday, Sunday or holiday and season are described the mean curve of daily power demand pattern.

Novel Genome-Wide Interactions Mediated via BOLL and EDNRA Polymorphisms in Intracranial Aneurysm

  • Eun Pyo Hong;Dong Hyuk Youn;Bong Jun Kim;Jae Jun Lee;Sehyeon Nam;Hyojong Yoo;Heung Cheol Kim;Jong Kook Rhim;Jeong Jin Park;Jin Pyeong Jeon
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.66 no.4
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    • pp.409-417
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    • 2023
  • Objective : The association between boule (BOLL) and endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) loci and intracranial aneurysm (IA) formation has been reported via genome-wide association studies. We sought to identify genome-wide interactions involving BOLL and EDNRA loci for IA in a Korean adult cohort. Methods : Genome-wide pairwise interaction analyses of BOLL and EDNRA involving 250 patients with IA and 296 controls were performed using the additive effect model after adjusting for confounding factors. Results : Among 512575 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 23 and 11 common SNPs suggested a genome-wide interaction threshold (p<1.25×10-8) involving rs700651 (BOLL) and rs6841581 (EDNRA). Rather than singe SNP effect of BOLL or EDNRA on IA development, they showed a synergistic effect on IA formation via multifactorial pair-wise interactions. The rs1105980 of PTCH1 gene showed the most significant interaction with rs700651 (natural log-transformed odds ratio [lnOR], 1.53; p=6.41×10-11). The rs74585958 of RYK gene interacted strongly with rs6841581 (lnOR, -19.91; p=1.64×10-9). Although, there was no direct interaction between BOLL and EDNRA variants, two EDNRA-interacting gene variants of TNIK (rs11925024 and rs1231) and FTO (rs9302654), and one BOLL-interacting METTL4 gene variant (rs549315) exhibited marginal interaction with BOLL gene. Conclusion : BOLL or EDNRA may have a synergistic effect on IA formation via multifactorial pair-wise interactions.

MID- AND FAR-INFRARED PROPERTIES OF LOCAL ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

  • Ichikawa, Kohei;Ueda, Yoshihiro;Terashima, Yuichi;Oyabu, Shinki;Gandhi, Poshak;Matsuta, Keiko;Nakagawa, Takao
    • Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.275-279
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    • 2012
  • We investigate the mid-infrared (MIR) to far-infrared (FIR) properties of a nearly complete sample of local active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected in the Swift/Burst Alert telescope (BAT) all-sky hard X-ray (14-195 keV) survey, based on the cross correlation with the infrared survey catalogs of AKARI, IRAS and WISE. Out of 135 non-blazar AGNs in the Swift/BAT 9-month catalog, we obtain the MIR photometric data for 128 sources in either the 9, 12, 18, 22, and $25{\mu}m$ band. We find a good correlation between their hard X-ray and MIR luminosities ranging three orders of magnitude (42 < log ${\lambda}L_{\lambda}$(9, $18{\mu}m$) < 45), which is tighter than that with the FIR luminosities at $90{\mu}m$. Both X-ray unabsorbed and absorbed AGNs follow the same correlation, implying isotropic infrared emission, as expected in clumpy dust tori models rather than homogeneous ones.

Unsteady Analysis of Impeller-Volute Interaction in Centrifugal Pump

  • Cheah, Kean Wee;Lee, Thong See;Winoto, Sonny H.
    • International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.349-359
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    • 2011
  • An unsteady numerical analysis has been carried out to study the strong impeller volute interaction of a centrifugal pump with six backward swept blades shrouded impeller. The numerical analysis is done by solving the three-dimensional Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes codes with standard k-${\varepsilon}$ two-equations turbulence model and wall regions are modeled with a scalable log-law wall function. The flow within the impeller passage is very smooth and following the curvature of the blade in stream-wise direction. However, the analysis shows that there is a recirculation zone near the leading edge even at design point. When the flow is discharged into volute casing circumferentially from the impeller outlet, the high velocity flow is severely distorted and formed a spiraling vortex flow within the volute casing. A spatial and temporal wake flow core development is captured dynamically and shows how the wake core diffuses. Near volute tongue region, the impeller/volute tongue strong interaction is observed based on the periodically fluctuating pressure at outlet. The results of existing analysis also proved that the pressure fluctuation periodically is due to the position of impeller blade relative to tongue.

A NEW METHOD OF MASKING CLOUD-AFFECTED PIXELS IN OCEAN COLOR IMAGERY BASED ON SPECTRAL SHAPE OF WATER REFLECTANCE

  • Fukushima, Hajime;Tamura, Jin;Toratani, Mitsuhiro;Murakami, Hiroshi
    • Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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    • v.1
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    • pp.25-28
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    • 2006
  • We propose a new method of masking cloud-affected pixels in satellite ocean color imageries such as of GLI. Those pixels, mostly found around cloud pixels or in scattered cloud area, have anomalous features in either in chlorophyll-a estimate or in water reflectance. This artifact is most likely caused by residual error of inter-band registration correction. Our method is to check the pixel-wise 'soundness' of the spectral water reflectance Rw retrieved after the atmospheric correction. First, we define two spectral ratio between water reflectance, IRR1 and IRR2, each defined as RW(B1)/RW (B3) RW (B3) and as RW (B2)/RW(B4) respectively, where $B1{\sim}B4$ stand for 4 consecutive visible bands. We show that an almost linear relation holds over log-scaled IRR1 and IRR2 for shipmeasured RW data of SeaBAM in situ data set and for GLI cloud-free Level 2 sub-scenes. The method we propose is to utilize this nature, identifying those pixels that show significant discrepancy from that relationship. We apply this method to ADEOS-II/GLI ocean color data to evaluate the performance over Level-2 data, which includes different water types such as case 1, turbid case 2 and coccolithophore bloom waters.

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Effect of Multiple Antennas at a Relay Node on the Performance of Physical-Layer Network Coding in Two-Way Relay Channel (양방향 중계채널에서 중계기 다중안테나가 물리계층네트워크 코딩의 성능에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Jeonghong;Jung, Bang Chul;Ban, Tae-Won
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.20 no.8
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    • pp.1438-1443
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    • 2016
  • In this paper, we investigate the effect of multiple antennas at a relay node on the performance of physical-layer network coding (PNC) in the two-way relay channel (TWRC). We assume that two source nodes have a single antenna and the relay node has multiple antennas. We extend the conventional TWRC environment with a signle antenna at both relay and source nodes to the case of multiple antennas at the relay node. In particular, we consider two decoding strategies: separate decoding (SD) and direct decoding (DD). The SD decodes each packet from the two sources and performs the network coding with bit-wise exclusive OR (XOR) operation, while the DD decodes the network-coded packet from the two sources. Note that both decoding strategies are based on log-likelihood ratio (LLR) computation. It is shown that the bit error rate (BER) performance becomes significantly improved as the number of antennas at the relay node.

Growth Performance, Humoral Immune Response and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Fed Alkali Processed Karanj Cake Incorporated Diet Supplemented with Methionine

  • Panda, K.;Sastry, V.R.B.;Mandal, A.B.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.677-681
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    • 2005
  • A study was conducted to see the effect of dietary incorporation of alkali (1.5% NaOH, w/w) processed solvent extracted karanj cake (SKC) supplemented with methionine on growth performance, humoral immune response and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from 0 to 8 weeks of age. One hundred and twenty, day- old broiler chicks were wing banded, vaccinated against Marek' disease and distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) into 3 groups of 40 chicks each, which was further replicated to 4 and fed on diet containing soybean meal and those of test groups were fed diets containing alkali (1.5% NaOH) treated SKC partially replacing soybean meal nitrogen of reference diet (12.5%) without or with supplementation of methionine (0.2%). Individual body weight of chicks and replicate-wise feed intakes were recorded at weekly intervals throughout the experimental period. Feed consumption from 1 to 14, 28, 42 and 56 d of age was recorded for each replicate and feed conversion efficiency (weight gain/feed intake) for the respective period was calculated. Mortality was monitored on daily basis. On 28$^{th}$ day of experimental feeding, two birds of each replicate in each dietary group (8 birds/diet) were inoculated with 0.1 ml of a 1.0% suspension of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and the antibody titre (log 2) was measured after 5 days by the microtitre haemmagglutination procedure. After 42 days of experimental feeding, a retention study of 4 days (43-47 d) duration was conducted on all birds to determine the retention of various nutrients such as DM, N, Ca, P and GE. On 43$^{rd}$ day of experimental feeding, one representative bird from each replicate of a dietary treatment (4/dietary group) was sacrificed, after fasting for two hours with free access to water, through cervical dislocation to observe the weight of dressed carcass, primal cuts (breast, thigh, drumstick, back, neck and wing), giblet (liver, heart and gizzard), abdominal fat and digestive organs. The body weight gain of chicks fed reference diet and those fed diet incorporated with NaOH treated SKC (12.5% replacement) with or without methionine supplementation was comparable during 0 to 4 weeks of age. However, dietary incorporation of alkali processed SKC replacing 12.5% nitrogen moiety of soybean meal resulted in growth retardation, subsequently as evidenced by significantly (p<0.05) lowered body weight gain during 0 to 6 weeks of age in birds fed diet incorporated with alkali processed SKC at 6.43% without methionine as compared to those supplemented with methionine or reference diet. Dietary incorporation of alkali (1.5% NaOH) processed SKC replacing 12.5% of soybean meal nitrogen in the diet of broiler chickens had no adverse effect on feed conversion ratio during all the weeks of experimental feeding. The humoral immune response (HIR) as measured by the antibody titre in response to SRBC inoculation was comparable among all the dietary groups. No significant difference in the intake and retention of DM, N, Ca, P or GE was noted among the chicks fed reference and alkali processed SKC incorporated diets with or without methionine supplementation. None of the carcass traits varied significantly due to dietary variations, except the percent weight of liver and giblet. The percent liver weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the birds fed diet incorporated with alkali processed SKC as compared to that in other two groups. Thus solvent extracted karanj cake could be incorporated after alkali (1.5% NaOH, w/w) processing at an enhanced level of 6.43%, replacing 12.5% of soybean meal nitrogen, in the broiler diets up to 4 weeks of age, beyond which the observed growth depression on this diet could be alleviated by 0.2% methionine supplementation.