• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.480-497
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• 2012

As a new business concept, machine-to-machine (M2M) communications are born from original telemetry technology with the intrinsic features of automatic data transmissions and measurement from remote sources typically by cable or radio. M2M includes a number of technologies that need to be combined in a compatible manner to enable its deployment over a broad market of consumer electronics. In order to provide better understanding for this emerging concept, the correlations among M2M, wireless sensor networks, cyber-physical systems (CPS), and internet of things are first analyzed in this paper. Then, the basic M2M architecture is introduced and the key elements of the architecture are presented. Furthermore, the progress of global M2M standardization is reviewed, and some representative applications (i.e., smart home, smart grid and health care) are given to show that the M2M technologies are gradually utilized to benefit people's life. Finally, a novel M2M system integrating intelligent road with unmanned vehicle is proposed in the form of CPS, and an example of cyber-transportation systems for improving road safety and efficiency are introduced.

• 센서학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2012

Radiofrequency(RF) signal is a key medium to the most of the present wireless communication devices including RF identification devices(RFID) and smart sensors. However, the most critical barrier to overcome in RFID application is in the failure rate in detection. The most notable improvement in the detection was from the introduction of EPC Class1 Gen2 protocol, but the fundamental problems in the physical properties of the RF signal drew less attention. In this work, we focused on the physical properties of the RF signal in order to understand the failure rate by noting the existence of the ground planes and noise sources in the real environment. By using the mathematical computation software, Maple, we simulated the distribution of the electromagnetic field from a dipole antenna when ground planes exist. Calculations showed that the dark area can be formed by interference. We also constructed a test system to measure the failure rate in the detection of a RFID transponder. The test system was composed of a fixed RFID reader and an EPC Class1 Gen2 transponder which was attached to a scanner to sweep in the x-y plane. Labview software was used to control the x-y scanner and to acquire data. Tests in the laboratory environment showed that the dark area can be as much as 43 %. One who wants to use RFID and smart sensors should carefully consider the extent of the dark area.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.991-1000
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• 2019

플라잉 디스크 게임은 1940년부터 시작된 스포츠이며, 국내는 2007년대 이후 초등학교를 중심으로 보급되어 빠른 속도로 확대되고 있다. 이와 함께 스포츠 과학화가 진행되면서, 플라잉디스크 또한 기술적 향상과 효율성을 위한 모니터링 시스템을 구축하기 위한 연구가 지속되고 있다. 본 논문은 9축 움직임 센서와 GPS 등을 이용해 이용자의 플라잉 디스크에 정보를 획득하고, 이를 블루투스 5.0을 이용한 무선 전달 방법을 제안한다. 세부적으로는 실시간 데이터를 관찰하거나 후처리 과정을 통해 회전속도, 비행 궤적, 회전 등 비교 및 분석할 수 있는 펌웨어 및 소프트웨어 그리고 HW 플랫폼을 설계 구현하였다.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.1287-1292
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• 2018

화재가 발생하면 효율적인 화재 진압을 위하여 소방관은 화점 정보를 포함한 화재 관련 정보가 필요하다. 그러나 기존의 화재 감지 시스템은 현장의 소방관에게 화재 정보를 시각적으로 전달하지 못하는 문제가 있다. 이 논문에서는 이를 해결하기 위하여 클라우드 서버를 이용한 화점 표출 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 시스템에서 각 건물에 설치된 센서들은 온도 및 가스 정보를 수집하고 무선 네트워크를 통하여 클라우드 데이터베이스에 저장한다. 현장의 소방관을 위하여 클라우드 데이터베이스에 저장된 특정 건물의 도면과 함께 화점 데이터의 상세와 시간에 따른 이력을 스마트 기기에 표출한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2022

The importance of big data analytics has become apparent with the increasing volume of data on the Internet. The amount of data will increase even more with the widespread use of Internet of Things (IoT). One of the most important application areas of the IoT is healthcare. This study introduces new real-time data analytics architecture for an IoT-based smart healthcare system, which consists of a wireless sensor network and a radio-frequency identification technology in a vertical domain. The proposed platform also includes high-performance data analytics tools, such as Kafka, Spark, MongoDB, and NodeJS, in a horizontal domain. To investigate the performance of the system developed, a diagnosis of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome by logistic regression is discussed. The results show that the proposed IoT data analytics system can successfully process health data in real-time with an accuracy rate of 95% and it can handle large volumes of data. The developed system also communicates with a riverbed modeler using Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to model any IoT-enabling technology. Therefore, the proposed architecture can be used as a time-saving experimental environment for any IoT-based system.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.1199-1207
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• 2024

Automation systems have gained great attention with the evolution of communications technology. A smart automation is an Internet of Things (IoT) application that employs the Internet to monitor and control appliances using an automation system. Lack of IoT technology adoption, unattractive user interface, restricted wireless transmission range, and expensive costs are the constraints of existing home automation systems. The idea of integrating a large number of devices has a substantial impact on the widespread advancement in the field of autonomous systems. The Internet of Things is being used more and more to create internet-connected gadgets. In addition, a wide range of data and services centered on human connection are accessible through mobile sensing devices powered by the Internet of Things, such as smartphones, tablets, digital cameras, sensors, etc. This study describes the implementation and analysis of a MQTT protocol-based IoT-based home automation system utilizing NodeMCU. This enables customers to use a mobile application over the internet to monitor and manage household appliances from a distance.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.622-627
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• 2016

This paper describes the development of a portable potentiostat which can perform square wave voltammetry on electrochemical sensors and wireless transmission of the measured data to a smartphone using Bluetooth. The potentiostat consists of a square wave potential pulse generation circuit for applying the potential pulse to the electrochemical sensor, a reduction/oxidation (or redox) current measurement circuit, and Bluetooth for wireless data transmission to an Android-based smartphone. The measured data are then processed to show the output graph on the smart phone screen in real time. This data transformation into a graph is carried out by developing and installing a simple transformation application software in the Android-based smartphone. This application software also enables the user to set and change the measurement parameters such as the applied voltage range and measured current range at user's convenience. The square voltammetry output data measured with the developed portable potentiostat were almost same as the data of the commercial potentiostat. The measured oxidation peak current with the commercial potentiostat was $11.35{\mu}A$ at 0.26 V and the measured oxidation peak current with the developed system was $12.38{\mu}A$ at 0.25 V. This proves that performance of the developed portable measurement system is comparable to the commercial one.

• 한국빅데이터학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2018

본 논문은 농지에 구축된 LoRa기반 무선통신망으로부터 수집되는 다양한 환경 센싱 데이터를 스마트폰의 스크린에 증강시켜 시각화하는 증강현실 기반의 농업용 환경 정보 관리 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 사용자가 스마트폰 카메라로 농지를 비추면 그곳에 설치된 다양한 센서로부터 수집된 환경 정보를 스마트폰 스크린의 영상에 증강시켜 시각화한다. 따라서 기존 시스템이 농업 시설물을 검색한 후 센서를 선택하는 번거로운 과정을 거친 후 나열식으로 환경 정보를 제공하는 것에 비해 제안하는 시스템은 이러한 과정 없이 스마트폰의 카메라 영상에 증강되어 나타난다. 원하는 정보를 습득하는 방식이 그림이나 영상인 특징 때문에 보다 더 쉽게 정보를 제공받을 수 있어 농업 재배지의 편리한 모니터링 및 효율적인 관리가 가능하다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2019

최근 스마트 홈, 스마트 보안, 스마트 팩토리 등 IoT 환경에서 생성, 수집, 계측되는 데이터의 종류 및 양이 증가하고 있다. IoT 서비스를 위한 요소기술에는 원하는 정보를 측정하기 위한 센서 장치, 해당 장치를 컨트롤할 수 있는 임베디드 소프트웨어, 측정된 데이터를 송수신할 수 있는 네트워크 프로토콜, 수집된 데이터를 분석/저장할 수 있는 빅데이터 및 인공지능 기술이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 IoT 장치에서 활용되고 있는 다양한 네트워크 프로토콜을 하나의 통합된 장치에서 처리할 수 있는 장치 개발에 초점을 맞추고 있으며, 이를 실현하기 위한 이기종 네트워크 인터페이스 IoT 게이트웨이를 제안한다. OpenWrt 기반의 유무선 공유기를 활용하였으며, 무선 센서 네트워크 프로토콜의 IP기반 통신을 위해 6LoWPAN 스택을 이용하여 BLE와 IEEE 802.15.4 통신 모듈을 연동하였고, 자체 개발한 파이썬 기반 미들웨어를 이용하여 Z-Wave, LoRa 통신 모듈에서 송수신 되는 패킷을 IP 패킷을 변환하여 전송하는 기능을 개발하였다. 개발된 IoT 게이트웨이가 IoT 빅데이터를 효과적으로 수집할 수 있는 장치로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국인공지능학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

The Recently there has been a growing interest in health care due to the COVID-19 situation. In this paper, we intend to develop a healthcare monitoring system to provide users with smart healthcare systems in line with the healthcare 3.0 era. The system consists of a wireless network between various sensors, Android smartphones, and OLEDs using Bluetooth, and through this, a health care monitoring system capable of collecting user's biometric information and managing health by receiving data values of sensors connected to Arduino. In conclusion, the user's BPM value was calculated using the heart rate sensor, and the exercise intensity can be adjusted through this. In addition, a step derivation algorithm is implemented using an acceleration sensor, and calorie consumption can be measured using the step and weight values. As such, the heart rate, step count, calorie consumption data can be transmitted to a smartphone application through a Bluetooth module and output, and can be output to an OLED for users who are not easy to access the smartphone. This healthcare monitoring system can be applied to various groups and technologies.