• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.3357-3376
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• 2015

Wireless sensor network is an important research topic that has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. However, most of the interest has focused on wireless sensor network to gather scalar data such as temperature, humidity and vibration. Scalar data are insufficient for diverse applications such as video surveillance, target recognition and traffic monitoring. However, if we use camera sensors in wireless sensor network to collect video data which are vast in information, they can provide important visual information. Video sensor networks continue to gain interest due to their ability to collect video information for a wide range of applications in the past few years. However, how to efficiently store the massive data that reflect environmental state of different times in video sensor network and how to quickly search interested information from them are challenging issues in current research, especially when the sensor network environment is complicated. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a fast algorithm for extracting key frames from video and describe the design and implementation of key frame extraction and sharing in Android for wireless video sensor network.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2014

Nowadays as video services grow rapidly, it is important for the service providers to provide customized services. Video ranking plays a key role for the service providers to attract the subscribers. In this paper we propose a weekly video ranking mechanism based on the quantified user engagement. The traditional QoE ranking mechanism is relatively subjective and usually is accomplished by grading, while QoS is relatively objective and is accomplished by analyzing the quality metrics. The goal of this paper is to establish a ranking mechanism which combines the both advantages of QoS and QoE according to the third-party data collection platform. We use data mining method to classify and analyze the collected data. In order to apply into the actual situation, we first group the videos and then use the regression tree and the decision tree (CART) to narrow down the number of them to a reasonable scale. After that we introduce the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model and use Elo rating system to improve the fairness of our system. Questionnaire results verify that the proposed solution not only simplifies the computation but also increases the credibility of the system.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.5149-5167
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• 2017

Reducing energy consumption in a wireless video sensor network (WVSN) is a crucial problem because of the high video data volume and severe energy constraints of battery-powered WVSN nodes. In this paper, we present an adaptive dynamic resizing approach for a SRAM communication buffer in a WVSN node in order to reduce the energy consumption and thereby, to maximize the lifetime of the WVSN nodes. To reduce the power consumption of the communication part, which is typically the most energy-consuming component in the WVSN nodes, the radio needs to remain turned off during the data buffer-filling period as well as idle period. As the radio ON/OFF transition incurs extra energy consumption, we need to reduce the ON/OFF transition frequency, which requires a large-sized buffer. However, a large-sized SRAM buffer results in more energy consumption because SRAM power consumption is proportional to the memory size. We can dynamically adjust any active buffer memory size by utilizing a power-gating technique to reflect the optimal control on the buffer size. This paper aims at finding the optimal buffer size, based on the trade-off between the respective energy consumption ratios of the communication buffer and the radio part, respectively. We derive a formula showing the relationship between control variables, including active buffer size and total energy consumption, to mathematically determine the optimal buffer size for any given conditions to minimize total energy consumption. Simulation results show that the overall energy reduction, using our approach, is up to 40.48% (26.96% on average) compared to the conventional wireless communication scheme. In addition, the lifetime of the WVSN node has been extended by 22.17% on average, compared to the existing approaches.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2017

A wireless image sensor node collecting image data for environmental monitoring or surveillance requires a large amount of energy to transmit the huge amount of video data. Even though solar energy can be used to overcome the energy constraint, since the collected energy is also limited, an efficient energy management scheme for transmitting a large amount of video data is needed. In this paper, we propose a method to reduce the number of blackout nodes and increase the amount of gathered data by selecting an appropriate video coding method according to the energy condition of the node in a solar-powered wireless video sensor network. This scheme allocates the amount of energy that can be used over time in order to seamlessly collect data regardless of night or day, and selects a high compression coding method when the allocated energy is large and a low compression coding when the quota is low. Thereby, it reduces the blackout of the relay node and increases the amount of data obtained at the sink node by allowing the data to be transmitted continuously. Also, if the energy is lower than operating normaly, the frame rate is adjusted to prevent the energy exhaustion of nodes. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme suppresses the energy exhaustion of the relay node and collects more data than other schemes.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.509-527
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• 2015

Wireless Video Sensor Networks (WVSNs) have become a leading solution in many important applications, such as disaster recovery. By using WVSNs in disaster scenarios, the main goal is achieving a successful immediate response including search, location, and rescue operations. The achievement of such an objective in the presence of obstacles and the risk of sensor damage being caused by disasters is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a fault tolerance model of WVSN for efficient post-disaster management in order to assist rescue and preparedness operations. To get an overview of the monitored area, we used video sensors with a rotation capability that enables them to switch to the best direction for getting better multimedia coverage of the disaster area, while minimizing the effect of occlusions. By constructing different cover sets based on the field of view redundancy, we can provide a robust fault tolerance to the network. We demonstrate by simulating the benefits of our proposal in terms of reliability and high coverage.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2019

무선 센서 네트워크는 적은 비용이 들고 낮은 전력으로 구동할 수 있는 센서들이 넓은 범위에 분포한 네트워크이다. 이때 센서들이 주변의 환경을 감시하고 계측한 정보들을 인근의 센서들에게 멀티홉 방식으로 전송하여 최종적으로 모든 데이터들이 베이스 스테이션으로 보내지는 네트워크가 무선 센서 네트워크이다. 여기서 무선 센서 네트워크에 대한 대부분의 연구는 한 위치에 고정되어 주변을 감시하는 정적 센서가 주가 되어왔다. 하지만 정적 센서만으로 이루어진 네트워크와 달리, 드론을 이용하여 네트워크를 구성하게 된다면 네트워크의 전체 커버리지와 에너지 소모를 보다 효율적으로 관리할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크를 이루는 드론들에 대한 환경을 모델링하기 위해 전송 전력 모델과 비디오 인코딩 모델을 수식화하여 소개한다. 또한 드론의 효율적인 배치를 위하여 우선순위 지도를 설계하고, 이를 기반으로 커버리지와 에너지를 고려하여 드론들을 배치하는 방식을 보여준다. 다양한 시뮬레이션을 통하여 정적 센서 기반의 네트워크보다 드론 기반의 무선 센서 네트워크에서 더 적은 수의 센서로 커버리지를 증가시키고 소모되는 에너지는 줄여준다는 것을 보여준다. 구체적으로는 정적 센서와 드론의 수가 동일한 가운데 커버리지는 최대 30 퍼센트의 향상이 있고, 에너지 측면에서는 평균 25 퍼센트의 전체 네트워크의 에너지 소모를 줄이면서도 정적 센서 네크워크와 드론 기반 네트워크의 커버리지가 동일하게 유지됨을 보여준다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.176-192
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• 2014

The realization of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) has been fostered by the availability of low cost and low power CMOS devices. However, the transmission of bulk video data requires adequate bandwidth, which cannot be promised by single path communication on an intrinsically low resourced sensor network. Moreover, the distortion or artifacts in the video data and the adherence to delay threshold adds to the challenge. In this paper, we propose a two stage Quality of Service (QoS) guaranteeing scheme called Prioritized Multipath WMSN (PMW) for transmitting H.264 encoded video. Multipath selection based on QoS metrics is done in the first stage, while the second stage further prioritizes the paths for sending H.264 encoded video frames on the best available path. PMW uses two composite metrics that are comprised of hop-count, path energy, BER, and end-to-end delay. A color-coded assisted network maintenance and failure recovery scheme has also been proposed using (a) smart greedy mode, (b) walking back mode, and (c) path switchover. Moreover, feedback controlled adaptive video encoding can smartly tune the encoding parameters based on the perceived video quality. Computer simulation using OPNET validates that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms the conventional approaches on human eye perception and delay.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2015

Recent years have seen a significant increase in demand for multimedia data over wireless sensor networks for monitoring applications that utilize sensor nodes to collect multimedia data, including sound and video. However, the multimedia streams generate a very large amount of data. When data transmission schemes for traditional wireless sensor networks are applied in wireless multimedia sensor networks, the network lifetime significantly decreases due to the excessive energy consumption of specific nodes. In this paper, we propose a data compression scheme that implements the Chinese remainder theorem to a wireless multimedia sensor network. The proposed scheme uses the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) to compress and split multimedia data, and it then transmits the bit-pattern packets of the remainder to the base station. As a result, the amount of multimedia data that is transmitted is reduced. The superiority of our proposed scheme is demonstrated by comparing its performance to that of an existing scheme. The results of our experiment indicate that our proposed scheme significantly increased the compression ratio and reduced the compression operation in comparison to those of existing compression schemes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.3220-3226
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• 2011

지하철 역사에 화재, 테러 등의 내 외부 위험요인을 감시하기 위하여 CCTV와 각종 센서를 이용한 감시시스템이 구축되어 왔으며, 최근 최신의 IT기술인 센서네트워크기술을 이용한 감시시스템기술 도입이 여러 분야에서 시도되고 있다. 2007년부터 정부 주도하에 지하철 역사의 경우에도 최신의 IT기술인 무선 센서네트워크기술 및 지능 형영상감시기술 등과 접목하여 화재, 제한지역 침입, 승객 혼잡도, 우범지역, 역사 건전성 등을 종합적으로 감시하는 도시철도지능형종합감시시스템 개발 및 구축이 추진 중에 있다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 개발 중인 도시철도 지능형 종합감시시스템의 현장 역사 적용에 앞서 무선센서네트워크의 대표라 할 수 있는 ZigBee기반의 현장 무선통신환경 시험을 서울지하철 충무로 역사에서 수행하였고, 본 논문에 충무로역사 내부 승강장 및 대합실에서의 ZigBee기반의 무선통신환경 시험결과를 정리, 분석하였다. 승강장 및 대합실의 무선 스펙트럼분석 결과 ZigBee기반의 센서네트워크의 주파수와 중첩되는 주파수는 없었으며 인접 주파수 또한 10MHz 이상 이격되어 주파수 간섭을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. ZigBee를 이용한 무선데이터 전송 시험 결과, 데이터 전송은 열차의 승강장 진출입시의 영향보다 승강장 혹은 대합실의 이용승객 수 및 유동량에 의한 멀티패스 페이딩(multi-path fading) 효과에 더 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타나, 역사에 지능형종합감시시스템 구축 시 이를 고려하여야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.493-495
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 zigbee로 구성된 무선 센서 네트워크 기반의 재난재해 감지 시스템에서 쿼드콥터를 이용한 영상 데이터 수집 및 노드 대체 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 영상을 이용한 무선 센서 네트워크 기반의 시스템에서는, 카메라가 고정되어 있어 넓은 지역을 관측하지 못한다. 기존의 시스템은 노드가 재난재해로 인해 누락되는 상황에서 대체방안이 제시되지 않는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 쿼드콥터에 IP 카메라와 통신 노드를 장착하여 센서 노드의 신뢰성 향상과 대체 노드로 활용하는 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 시스템보다 쿼드콥터의 영상을 통한 센서노드 및 실시간 상황 정보의 신뢰성을 향상시킬 것으로 기대된다.