• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2010

Diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) is an efficient tool to measure the performance of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems and cooperative systems. Recently, cooperative multicast system with wireless network coding stretched tremendous interesting due to that it can drastically enhance the throughput of the wireless networks. It is desirable to apply DMT to the performance analysis on the multicast system with wireless network coding. In this paper, DMT is performed at the three proposed wireless network coding protocols, i.e., non-regenerative network coding (NRNC), regenerative complex field network coding (RCNC) and regenerative Galois field network coding (RGNC). The DMT analysis shows that under the same system performance, i.e., the same diversity gain, all the three network coding protocols outperform the traditional transmission scheme without network coding in terms of multiplexing gain. Our DMT analysis also exhibits the trends of the three network coding protocols' performance when multiplexing gain is changing from the lower region to the higher region. Monte-Carlo simulations verify the prediction of DMT.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.52-67
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• 2011

Network coding is a newly developed technology that can cause considerable improvements in network throughput. COPE is the first network coding approach for wireless mesh networks and it is based on opportunistic Wireless Network Coding (WNC). It significantly improves throughput of multi-hop wireless networks utilizing network coding and broadcast features of wireless medium. In this paper we propose a new method, called FENC, for opportunistic WNC that improves the network throughput. In addition, its complexity is lower than other opportunistic WNC approaches. FENC utilizes division and conquer method to find an optimal network coding. The numerical results show that the proposed opportunistic algorithm improves the overall throughput as well as network coding approach.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.1544-1553
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• 2017

The network coding mechanism has attracted much attention because of its advantage of enhanced network throughput which is a desirable characteristic especially in a multi-hop wireless network with limited link capacity such as the device-to-device (D2D) communication network of 5G. COPE proposes to use the XOR-based network coding in the two-hop wireless network topology. For multi-hop wireless networks, the Distributed Coding-Aware Routing (DCAR) mechanism was proposed, in which the coding conditions for two flows intersecting at an intermediate node are defined and the routing metric to improve the coding opportunity by preferring those routes with longer queues is designed. Because the routes with longer queues may increase the delay, DCAR is inefficient in delivering real-time multimedia traffic flows. In this paper, we propose a network coding-aware routing protocol for multi-hop wireless networks that enhances DCAR by considering traffic load distribution and link quality. From this, we can achieve higher network throughput and lower end-to-end delay at the same time for the proper delivery of time-sensitive data flow. The Qualnet-based simulation results show that our proposed scheme outperforms DCAR in terms of throughput and delay.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.800-818
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• 2013

Supporting video streaming over multi-hop wireless networks is particularly challenging due to the time-varying and error-prone characteristics of the wireless channel. In this paper, we propose a joint optimization scheme for video streaming over multi-hop wireless networks. Our coding scheme, called Joint Source/Network Coding (JSNC), combines source coding and network coding to maximize the video quality under the limited wireless resources and coding constraints. JSNC segments the streaming data into generations at the source node and exploits the intra-session coding on both the source and the intermediate nodes. The size of the generation and the level of redundancy influence the streaming performance significantly and need to be determined carefully. We formulate the problem as an optimization problem with the objective of minimizing the end-to-end distortion by jointly considering the generation size and the coding redundancy. The simulation results demonstrate that, with the appropriate generation size and coding redundancy, the JSNC scheme can achieve an optimal performance for video streaming over multi-hop wireless networks.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3470-3493
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• 2019

IEEE 802.11s-based infrastructure Wireless Mesh Networks (iWMNs) are envisaged as a promising solution to provide ubiquitous wireless Internet access. The limited network capacity is a problem mainly caused by the medium contention between mesh users and the mesh access points (MAPs), which gets worst when the mesh clients employ the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). To mitigate this problem, we use wireless network coding (WNC) in the MAPs. The aim of this proposal is to take advantage of the network topology around the MAPs, to alleviate the contention and maximize the use of the network capacity. We evaluate WNC when is used in MAPs. We model the formation of coding opportunities and, using computer simulations, we evaluate the formation of such coding opportunities. The results show that as the users density grows, the coding opportunities increase up to 70%; however, at the same time, the coding delay increments significantly. In order to reduce such delay, we propose to adaptively adjust the time that a packet can wait to catch a coding opportunity in an MAP. We assess the performance of moving-average estimation methods to forecast this adaptive sojourn time. We show that using moving-average estimation methods can significantly decrease the coding delay since they consider the traffic density conditions.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.2946-2962
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• 2017

An improved energy-efficient compressed network coding method is proposed for the data communication in the wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In the method, the compressed sensing and network coding are jointly used to improve the energy efficiency, and the two-hop neighbor information is employed to choose the next hop to further reduce the number of the transmissions. Moreover, a new packet format is designed to facilitate the intermediate node selection. To theoretically verify the efficiency of the proposed method, the expressions for the number of the transmissions and receptions are derived. Simulation results show that, the proposed method has higher energy efficiency compared with the available schemes, and it only requires a few packets to reconstruct measurements with reasonable quality.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 멀티 홉 무선 네트워크의 처리율을 향상시킬 수 있는 멀티라디오/멀티채널에서의 네트워크 코딩 방법을 제시한다. 무선 네트워크의 처리율은 노드간 동일 채널 간섭과 무선 링크의 전송손실에 의해 제한을 받는다. 무선 네트워크에서 멀티라디오/멀티채널 환경은 무선노드의 채널 간섭 및 채널 경쟁을 줄여 주며, 네트워크 코딩은 스케줄링의 복잡성을 줄이고 링크의 사용을 늘려 처리율 증가를 가져올 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 멀티 홉 네트워크상에서 효율적인 처리율 향상을 위해 네트워크의 수학적 모델링과 선형계획법을 이용하여 인트라세션 네트워크 코딩에서의 채널 할당 및 전송 스케줄링 방법을 제안한다. 또한 AMPL과 CPLEX를 이용하여 인트라세션 네트워크 코딩 방법의 성능을 시험한다. 시험결과 멀티 홉 무선 네트워크의 인트라세션 네트워크 코딩이 일반적인 라우팅보다 처리율의 향상을 가져온다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.4205-4227
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• 2018

Network Coding (NC) is an approach recently investigated for increasing the network throughput and thus enhancing the performance of wireless mesh networks. The benefits of NC can further be improved when routing decisions are made with the awareness of coding capabilities and opportunities. Typically, the goal of such routing is to find and exploit routes with new coding opportunities and thus further increase the network throughput. As shown in this paper, in case of proactive routing the coding awareness along with the information of the measured traffic coding success can also be efficiently used to support the congestion avoidance and enable more encoded packets, thus indirectly further increasing the network throughput. To this end, a new proactive routing procedure called Congestion-Avoidance Network Coding-Aware Routing (CANCAR) is proposed. It detects the currently most highly-loaded node and prevents it from saturation by diverting some of the least coded traffic flows to alternative routes, thus achieving even higher coding gain by the remaining well-coded traffic flows on the node. The simulation results confirm that the proposed proactive routing procedure combined with the well-known COPE NC avoids network congestion and provides higher coding gains, thus achieving significantly higher throughput and enabling higher traffic loads both in a representative regular network topology as well as in two synthetically generated random network topologies.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2011년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.310-313
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• 2011

Broadcasting nature of wireless communications makes it possible to apply opportunistic network coding (OPNC) by overhearing transmitted packets from a source to sink nodes. However, it is difficult to apply network coding to the topology of multiple relay and sink nodes. We propose to use relay node selection, which finds a proper node for network coding since the OPNC alone in the topology of multiple relays and sink nodes cannot guarantee network coding gain. The proposed system is a novel combination of wireless network coding and relay selection, which is a key contribution of this paper. In this paper, with the consideration of channel state and potential network coding gain, we propose relay node selection techniques, and show performance gain over the conventional OPNC and a channel-based selection algorithm in terms of average system throughput.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.2281-2287
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• 2013

네트워크 코딩은 통신의 새로운 패러다임이다. 네트워크 코딩에서 중간 노드는 입력 패킷을 조합하여 새로운 패킷을 생성하여 이웃 노드에게 방송한다. 네트워크 코딩은 실제 네트워크에 폭넓게 적용될 수 있기 때문에 정보 이론의 주요 연구 분야로 빠르게 떠오르고 있다. 네트워크 코딩은 무선 멀티홉 네트워크에서 처리량과 채널 효율을 향상시킬 것으로 예상된다. 관련 선행연구들이 무선 Ad-hoc 네트워크 분야에서 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 우리의 연구에서 중간노드는 네트워크 코딩을 하기위해서 단일홉 양방향 패킷을 식별한다. 우리는 제안된 기법이 네트워크 패킷의 디코딩 성공률을 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션에서 제안된 네트워크 코딩기법은 코딩 이득과 패킷 전송률에서 기존의 네트워크 코딩기법보다 나은 성능을 얻을 수 있었다.