• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.137-150
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• 2009

This paper proposes the hybrid heuristic method to apply the opportunity time to solve the vehicle routing and scheduling problem with time constraints(VRSPTW). The opportunity time indicates the idle time which remains after the vehicle performs the unloading service required by each customer's node. In this proposed heuristic, we add the constraints to VRSPTW model for the opportunity time. We also obtain the initial solution by applying the cost evaluation function to the insertion strategy considering the opportunity time. In addition, we improve the former result by applying the opportunity time to the tabu search strategy by swapping the customer's node. Finally, we suggest the construction strategies of initial routing which can efficiently acquire the nearest optimal solution from various types of data in terms of geographical condition, scheduling horizon and vehicle capacity. Our experiment show that our heuristic can get the nearest optimal solution more efficiently than the Solomon's I1 heuristic.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.195-202
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• 2020

The Korean film, which reached its 100th anniversary, has achieved remarkable growth. However, contrary to the facts revealed to the outside, there existed chronic problems. Representatively, the problems were classified into four types: vertical integration problems, lack of support for art and independent films, lack of diversity in video content, and sluggish exports. Therefore, in order to continuously develop Korean films, this study explored the development methods of the domestic film industry using the window theory of opportunity. As a result of the research, the Korean film industry as a late chase was developed through strategies to enter new technologies and paradigms, and strategies to enter through low entry costs for existing digital platforms, active government intervention, and changes in regulations. Through this, it was revealed that the whole film ecosystem should ultimately go through symbiotic cooperation.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.105-113
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• 2009

Daylighting provides the opportunity for both energy savings and improved visual comfort. An accurate estimation of the amount of daylight entering a building is the key step for daylight designing. This research aims to assess comparative daylighting performance of four different configurations of fenestration in case of unilateral windows and their variation under clear and overcast sky conditions. The selected window openings in this study were single punched, double punched, multiple punched and clerestory, and the area was same for each type of window. The experiment was designed for an office space using 1/10 scale model. Daylighting performance was evaluated by measuring the illuminance on work-plane height using Agilent data logger and photometric sensor Li-Cor. Thecomputer program ECOTECT was also used to simulate the pattern of interior illuminance distribution. Clerestory window showed the best performance in term of both illuminance level and distribution in the experiment. Multiple punched window provided more uniform illuminance distribution than single punched window. Lowest daylighting performance in the experiment was shown by double punched window.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.535-546
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• 2017

This study considers direction types and formative characteristics by analyzing natural objets in contemporary fashion window display. The research methods are both literature review and content analysis based on images of contemporary fashion window display. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the direction types of natural objets in contemporary fashion window display expand objective outlines by maximizing the morphological form of objects. Second, a rhythmic sense expressed through a gradual repetition of patterns or a sequential arrangement of natural objects. Third, it represents a reversal of image accomplished through a modification of material on the natural objects. Fourth, a new space is created by transforming two dimensional forms of natural objects. The first formative characteristic of natural objects in contemporary fashion window display is exaggeration. This is expressed through either the expansion of the external volume, the collapsed form of natural objects, or the distortion of external colors. Second, it is a dynamics. This makes it possible to recall the dynamic image of the integration of the observer with a priori thinking by systematically sequencing objects or inducing a specific motion. Third, it is an abstraction. This provides an opportunity for the observer to find in a natural beauty by exchanging physical form or reinterpreting characteristic points. Fourth, it concerns eclecticism characteristic that objects created through the mutual fusion of heterogeneous elements indicates an aesthetic inspiration in a limited space by diverting conventional thinking toward natural objects with expansion of consciousness on formative arts.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.46-59
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• 2005

After the IMF jurisdiction period, the Korean economy experienced a venture boom. Korean venture enterprises had been recognized that high profitable and high technology capacity based. These ventures also have contributed to national added value tolerably. In particular, Korean information technology (IT) venture companies got away the order of economy concentrated big companies, which were taken the opportunity of new economy to make suggestion of the future courses and to open an e-Korea era. However, IT ventures firms or dotcom enterprises have had difficulties through sinking down their bubbles and slumping technology sector from the first half of the 2000. In consideration of Korea IT venture companies' conditions, Korean government introduce new national vision in order to go ahead of intelligence based society form knowledge based. Korea is planning new investment to meet with the challenge of globalization proactively by national band named u-Korea. As following a step in IT infrastructure, it will give Korean IT ventures new demand creative technologies and services by new technological windows of opportunity. This situation is expected that will become an economic take-off. This paper will look for the way to stimulate Korean IT ventures' competence and present new frontier of IT ventures turnaround.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.673-678
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• 2009

The efficiency of active sonar that is used underwater observation equipment is important for obtain the information of topography and trace for the objects. Sound wave transmitted from sonar are distorted by acoustic window which is to protect sonar. Making various sonar dome is impossible for experiment, because consumed unnecessary time and expense. So, the purpose of this study is to simulate and analyze the acoustic window propagated sound wave from sonar for designing model reduced insertion loss. Simulation is performed by transient analysis and fluid-structure interaction analysis. As a result, this study will give a opportunity for efficient design of sonar dome without high cost and time consumption.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

The emergence of mucosal healing as a treatment goal that could modify the natural course of Crohn's disease and the accumulating evidence showing that biologics are most effective in achieving mucosal healing, along with the success of early treatment regimens for rheumatoid arthritis, have led to the identification of early Crohn's disease and development of the concept of catching the therapeutic window during the early disease course. Thus, an increasing number of pediatric gastroenterologists are adopting an early biologic treatment strategy with or without an immunomodulator. Although early biologic treatment is effective, cost and overtreatment are issues that limit its early use. Currently, there are insufficient data on who will benefit most from early biologics, as well as on who will not need early or even any biologics. For now, top-down biologics should be considered for patients with currently known high-risk factors of poor outcomes. For other patients, close, objective monitoring and accelerating the step-up process by means of a treat-to-target approach seems the best way to catch the therapeutic window in early pediatric Crohn's disease. The individual benefits of immunomodulator addition during early biologic treatment should be weighed against its risks and decision on early combination treatment should be made after comprehensive discussion with each patient and guardian.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2004.02a
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• pp.288-315
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• 2004

This paper has examined the leapfrogging thesis with the case of catch-up in digital TV by the Korean firms. Despite the disadvantages implied by the technological regime of digital TV and the risks facing early entrants in trajectory choice and initial market formation, the Korean firms had achieved a 'path-creating catch-up' in the sense they chose a different path from the Japanese forerunning firms. As they have been closely watching the technological trends and the standard setting process, there was less risk of choosing the right or wrong technological trajectory. Also, despite the lack of sufficient capability and core knowledge base, the Korean firms had some complementary asset, such as the experience of producing analogue TV, and were able to develop the prototype digital TV and the ASIC chips, given the accesses to the foreign knowledge via overseas R&D posts and acquisition of a foreign company. To secure the initial market size, the Korean targeted the US market from the beginning, and their sources for competitive advantages were the speedy setting up the production system for mass production of products at the initial stage. The initial failure of the Japanese firms and the success of the Korean firms do suggest that the period of paradigm shift, like this toward digital technology, can serve as a window of opportunity for late-comers while penalizing the forerunner.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.293-322
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• 2017

The purpose of the study is to identify the background of the agenda-setting to appoint library professional as the director of National Assembly Library and characteristics of the policy entrepreneur of this agenda. To this purpose an agenda-setting process in 2014 is analyzed with the Kingdon's multiple streams model. Kingdon's multiple streams model explains that an agenda is set when a window of opportunity is opened by coupling of problem stream, political stream, and policy stream. They have existed independently before setting the agenda. This study showed that the political stream was the major stream to open the window of opportunity. The lawmaker in the opposition party is identified as the leader for the agenda and the motivations, resources, and strategies of the policy entrepreneur were also analyzed. The analysis showed the agenda for library professional as the director was set without visible participation of library professionals. Therefore this study proposed the library professionals' roles for the library and information policy making process.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.17B no.5
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• pp.389-398
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• 2010

The Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problem with Time Windows(VRSPTW) is to establish a delivery route of minimum cost satisfying the time constraints and capacity demands of many customers. The VRSPTW takes a long time to generate a solution because this is a NP-hard problem. To generate the nearest optimal solution within a reasonable time, we propose the heuristic by using an ACO(Ant Colony Optimization) with multi-cost functions. The multi-cost functions can generate a feasible initial-route by applying various weight values, such as distance, demand, angle and time window, to the cost factors when each ant evaluates the cost to move to the next customer node. Our experimental results show that our heuristic can generate the nearest optimal solution more efficiently than Solomon I1 heuristic or Hybrid heuristic applied by the opportunity time.