• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.597-602
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• 2008

실습선 한바다호는 수면 상부의 구조물이 상대적으로 큰 선형으로 풍압력의 영향을 크게 받아 압류나 회두와 같은 현상이 비교적 크게 나타나고, 특히 접이안 또는 항내에서 저속으로 운항할 경우 이러한 외력의 영향이 현저하게 작용한다. 본 논문에서는 파도가 충분히 발달되지 않은 항내 조선을 전제로 한바다호의 풍압력과 풍압모우멘트를 산출하여 상대 풍향과 풍속에 따른 표류각과 대응 타각을 분석하였다. 또한, 실습선 한바다호의 접이안시 예인선의 소요마력 결정을 선체에 작용하는 풍압력을 기초로 산출하였고, Bow Thruster를 이용한 접이안 가능 최대 풍속을 제시하였다. 연구 결과는 풍압력이 크게 작용하는 대형선의 항내조선과 예인선 운용에 큰 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.457-471
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• 2014

A summary of the main results from an international comparative study for the high-frequency base balance is given. Two buildings were specified - a 'basic' and an 'advanced' building. The latter had more complex dynamic response with coupled modes of vibration. The predicted base moments generally showed good agreement amongst the participating groups, but less good agreement was found for the roof accelerations which are dominated by the resonant response, and subject to measurement errors for the generalized force spectra, to varying mode shape correction techniques, and different methods used for combining acceleration components.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.405-421
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• 2020

Quayside container cranes are important delivery machineries located in the most frontiers of container terminals, where strong wind attacks happen occasionally. Since the previous researches on quayside container cranes mainly focused on the mean wind load and static response characteristics, the fluctuating wind load and dynamic response characteristics require further investigations. In the present study, the aerodynamic wind loads on quayside container cranes were obtained from wind tunnel tests. The probabilistic and spectral models of the fluctuating aerodynamic loads were established. Then the joint probabilistic distributions of dynamic wind-induced responses were derived theoretically based on a series of Gaussian and independent assumption of resonant components. Finally, the results were validated by time domain analysis using wind tunnel data. It is concluded that the assumptions are acceptable. And the presented approach can estimate peak dynamic sliding force, overturning moments and leg uplifts of quayside container cranes effectively and efficiently.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.163-173
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• 2018

The design wind pressure for low-rise buildings in the ASCE 7-10 is defined by procedures that are categorized into the Main Wind Force-Resisting System (MWFRS) and the Components and Cladding (C&C). Some of these procedures were originally developed based on steel portal frames of industrial buildings, while the residential structures are a completely different structural system, most of which are designed as low-rise light-frame wood constructions. The purpose of this study is to discuss the rationality (or irrationality) of the extension of the wind loads calculated by the ASCE 7-10 to the light-frame wood residential buildings that represent the most vulnerable structures under extreme wind conditions. To serve this purpose, the same approach as used in the development of Chapter 28 of the ASCE 7-10 that envelops peak responses is adopted in the present study. Database-assisted design (DAD) methodology is used by applying the dynamic wind loads from Louisiana State University (LSU) database on a typical residential building model to assess the applicability of the standard by comparing the induced responses. Rather than the postulated critical member demands on the industrial building such as the bending moments at the knee, the maximum values at the critical points for wood frame buildings under wind loads are used as indicators for the comparison. Then, the critical members are identified through these indicators in terms of the displacement or the uplift force at connections and roof envelope. As a result, some situations for each of the ASCE 7 procedures yielding unconservative wind loads on the typical low-rise residential building are identified.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.127-144
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• 2010

Pressure measurements on static and autorotating flat plates have been recently reported by Lin et al. (2006), Holmes, et al. (2006), and Richards, et al. (2008), amongst others. In general, the variation of the normal force with respect to the angle of attack appears to stall in the mid attack angle range with a large scale separation in the wake. To date however, no surface pressures have been measured on auto-rotating plates that are typical of a certain class of debris. This paper presents the results of an experiment to measure the aerodynamic forces on a flat plate held stationary at different angles to the flow and allowing the plate to auto-rotate. The forces were determined through the measurement of differential pressures on either side of the plate with internally mounted pressure transducers and data logging systems. Results are presented for surface pressure distributions and overall integrated forces and moments on the plates in coefficient form. Computed static force coefficients show the stall effect at the mid range angle of attack and some variation for different Reynolds numbers. Normal forces determined from autorotational experiments are higher than the static values at most pitch angles over a cycle. The resulting moment coefficient does not compare well with current analytical formulations which suggest the existence of a flow mechanism that cannot be completely described through static tests.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2000

This paper presents an application of forced oscillation technique to measure pitch dynamic stability derivatives of a missile model in the low speed wind tunnel. The missile model is oscillated by D.C. electric servomotor with constant amplitudes and frequencies. Phase shift is determined as the difference of peak values between input and output signals from the dynamic stability balance installed at the center of gravity of the model. Stability derivatives were calculated by using phase shifts, amplitudes, forcing moments and input frequencies. Test results show the proper usage of the force oscillation technique with good damping effects.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.265-276
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• 2022

Double-Skin Facades (DSF) on tall buildings are becoming increasingly common in urban environments due to their ability to provide architectural merit, passive design, acoustic control and even improved structural efficiency. This study aims to understand the effects of porous DSF on the aerodynamic characteristics of tall buildings using wind tunnel tests. High Frequency Force Balance and pressure tests were performed on the CAARC standard tall building model with a variable porous DSF on the windward face. The introduction of a porous DSF did not adversely affect the overall mean forces and moments experienced by the building, with few differences compared to the standard tall building model. There was also minimal variation between the results for the three porosities tested: 50%, 65% and 80%. The presence of a full-height porous DSF was shown to effectively reduce the mean and fluctuating wind pressure on the side face of the building by about 10%, and a porous DSF over the lower half height of the building was almost as effective. This indicates that the porous DSF could be used to reduce the design load on cladding and fixtures on the side faces of tall buildings, where most damage to facades typically occurs.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.531-553
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• 2012

Many tall buildings possess through-building gaps at middle levels of the building elevation. Some of these floors are used as sky gardens, or refuge floors, through which wind can flow with limited blockage. It has been reported in the literature that through-building gaps can be effective in reducing across-wind excitation of tall buildings. This paper systematically examines the effectiveness of two configurations of a through-building gap, at the mid-height of a tall building, in reducing the wind-induced dynamic responses of the building. The two configurations differ in the pattern of through-building opening on the gap floor, one with opening through the central portion of the floor and the other with opening on the perimeter of the floor around a central core. Wind forces and moments on the building models were measured with a high-frequency force balance from which dynamic building responses were computed. The results show that both configurations of a through-building gap are effective in reducing the across-wind excitation with the one with opening around the perimeter of the floor being significantly more effective. Wind pressures were measured on the building faces with electronic pressure scanners to help understand the generation of wind excitation loading. The data suggest that the through-building gap reduces the fluctuating across-wind forces through a disturbance of the coherence and phase-alignment of vortex excitation.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

비행선은 주익이 없고 미익에 비해 동체 효과가 큰 형상 특성으로 인해 정적으로 불안정한 특성을 지닌다. 따라서 동안정 특성 예측이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 강제진동 풍동시험을 통한 비행선의 동안정 특성을 확보하였다. 풍동시험은 미국 BAR사의 독일소재 시설인 BAR LAMP 시설을 사용하였으며, 16회의 정적시험과 26회의 강제진동시험을 수행하였다. 시험결과, 비행선의 동안정 특성은 받음각 뿐만 아니라 옆미끄럼각, 각속도 크기와 방향에 비선형적으로 변한다. 전반적으로 세 방향의 모멘트는 댐핑이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 수직력과 측력, 교차성분은 불안정하게 나타났다. 조종면의 영향은 작은 것으로 나타났으나 옆미끄럼각의 영향은 완전히 비선형적으로 나타났다.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.139-160
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• 2015

The global performance of the 5MW OC4 semisubmersible floating wind turbine in random waves was numerically simulated by using the turbine-floater-mooring fully coupled and time-domain dynamic analysis program FAST-CHARM3D. There have been many papers regarding floating offshore wind turbines but the effects of second-order wave-body interactions on their global performance have rarely been studied. The second-order wave forces are actually small compared to the first-order wave forces, but its effect cannot be ignored when the natural frequencies of a floating system are outside the wave-frequency range. In the case of semi-submersible platform, second-order difference-frequency wave-diffraction forces and moments become important since surge/sway and pitch/roll natural frequencies are lower than those of typical incident waves. The computational effort related to the full second-order diffraction calculation is typically very heavy, so in many cases, the simplified approach called Newman's approximation or first-order-wave-force-only are used. However, it needs to be justified against more complete solutions with full QTF (quadratic transfer function), which is a main subject of the present study. The numerically simulated results for the 5MW OC4 semisubmersible floating wind turbine by FAST-CHARM3D are also extensively compared with the DeepCWind model test results by Technip/NREL/UMaine. The predicted motions and mooring tensions for two white-noise input-wave spectra agree well against the measure values. In this paper, the numerical static-offset and free-decay tests are also conducted to verify the system stiffness, damping, and natural frequencies against the experimental results. They also agree well to verify that the dynamic system modeling is correct to the details. The performance of the simplified approaches instead of using the full QTF are also tested.