• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.143-154
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• 2020

Background: Korean wild boars (Sus scrofa coreanus Heude), because of their adaptability, are a widespread large mammal; however, they sometimes cause problems by invading farms and eating the crops, creating insufficiencies of some foods in South Korea. To understand the diet composition of Korean wild boars according to sex and body size, we collected their feces from Mt. Jeombongsan, Seoraksan National Park, South Korea. The sizes of fecal samples were measured, and genomic DNA was extracted from the samples. We amplified specific loci targeting plants (rbcL and trnL) and animals (COI) to detect the food sources of this omnivore and amplified the ZF and SRY regions to determine the sex. Results: In the wild boar feces, Rosaceae and Bryophyte were the most frequently detected plant food sources at the family level and Diptera and Haplotaxida were the most frequently detected animal food sources at the order level. As a result of sex determination, the sex ratio of wild boars collected in the Mt. Jeombongsan area was approximately 1:1. Our result suggested that there is no significant difference between the diet composition of male and female boars. Based on the average cross-sectional area of the feces, the top 25% were classified into the large body size group and the bottom 25% were classified into the small body size group. The large body size group mainly preferred Actinidiaceae, and the small body size group most frequently consumed Fagaceae. The diet of the large body size group was more diverse than the small body size group. Conclusions: Our results showed that the wild boars preferred Rosaceae, especially Sanguisorba and Filipendula, as plant food sources, and Diptera and Coleoptera of Insecta as animal food sources. Based on the results, the dietary preferences of wild boar appear to be distinguished by not their sex but their body size. Our study could help to elucidate the feeding ecology and population structure of wild boar, as well as address conservation and management issues.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2012

우리나라 피조개 집단의 유전적 다양성을 분석하기 위해 남해안 5개 지역의 피조개 443마리를 수집하여 6개의 다형성이 높은 microsatellite 마커를 이용하여 분석하였다. 5개 집단의 유전자좌당 대립유전자는 10-28개의 범위였으며, 각 지역별 microsatellite 마커의 평균 대립유전자 수는 JHH (진해 양식집단) 이 15.5로 가장 적었고, GJ (강진 자연집단) 이 20.3으로 가장 많았다. 평균 기대 이형접합률은 SR (사량자연집단) 이 0.817로 가장 낮았고, GJ (강진자연집단)이 0.831로 가장 높았으며 JHH (진해양식집단) 은 0.822로 자연집단에 비교해 의미적인 차이는 없었다. 집단 간 $F_{ST}$ 값은 GJ (강진 자연집단) 이 다른 집단과 분화적 차이를 보여 다른 집단과 유전적으로 차이를 나타내었다. JH (진해 자연집단), SR (사량 자연집단) 및 JHH (진해 양식집단) 사이의 $F_{ST}$ 값은 매우 낮게 나타나 집단 간 유전자 교류 (gene flow)가 일어났음을 암시하고 있다. 특히 JH (진해자연집단) 과 SR (사량 자연집단) 은 $F_{ST}$ 값이 0.0001로 가장 낮았으며 집단 간 유전적 거리 (0.0386) 도 가장 가까웠고 집단 간 유전적 유연관계도 가장 가까운 것으로 나타나 유전적으로 같은 집단이라고 할 수 있었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.423-430
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• 2009

In order to elucidate the precise phylogenetic relationships of Korean wild boar (Sus scrofa coreanus), a partial mtDNA D-loop region (1,274 bp, NC_000845 nucleotide positions 16576-1236) was sequenced among 56 Korean wild boars. In total, 25 haplotypes were identified and classified into four distinct subgroups (K1 to K4) based on Bayesian phylogenetic analysis using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. An extended analysis, adding 139 wild boars sampled worldwide, confirmed that Korean wild boars clearly belong to the Asian wild boar cluster. Unexpectedly, the Myanmarese/Thai wild boar population was detected on the same branch as Korean wild boar subgroups K3 and K4. A parsimonious median-joining network analysis including all Asian wild boar haplotypes again revealed four maternal lineages of Korean wild boars, which corresponded to the four Korean wild boar subgroups identified previously. In an additional analysis, we supplemented the Asian wild boar network with 34 Korean and Chinese domestic pig haplotypes. We found only one haplotype, C31, that was shared by Chinese wild, Chinese domestic and Korean domestic pigs. In contrast to our expectation that Korean wild boars contributed to the gene pool of Korean native pigs, these data clearly suggest that Korean native pigs would be introduced from China after domestication from Chinese wild boars.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2003년도 춘계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.279-280
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• 2003

Although it has been known though many morphological and physiological studies, its genetic diversity and population structure have not yet been investigated in this species. Therefore, detailed studies, in particular at the DNA level, on genetic diversity of natural populations of wild sea lettuce, and genetic relationships between natural sea lettuce and cultivated sea lettuce are necessary from the viewpoint of plant evolution. (omitted)

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.466-470
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• 2008

Microsatellite DNA markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai collected from six locations (Uljin, Ulsan, Daechon, Taean, Wando, and Yosu) where hatchery-produced abalone have been released intensively. There was no distinguishable difference in the observed and expected heterozygosities between the six populations and a cultured population. However, there was a difference in the number of alleles per locus: 12.8 for the cultured population and 13.8 to 15.8 for the six populations. The proportion of stocked abalone ranged from 41.1 to 92.7% for wild-caught populations with a decreasing tendency of alleles per locus for an increasing proportion of stocked abalone. A departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) assessed using the Markov chain procedure (P<0.05) was observed in the six populations and cultured population at loci Hdh145 and Hdh5l2. The pairwise Fst test (P<0.05) showed a significant difference between the Uljin and Ulsan populations and four remaining populations (Wando, Daechon, Yosu, and the cultured population), among which the Wando population differed less than the other three populations (Daechon, Yosu, and the cultured population).

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.458-465
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• 2010

Hundreds of Steller sea lions, Eumetopias jubatus, migrate from Sakhalin and the northern Kuril Islands to Hokkaido every winter. During this migration, they may use their roaring sounds to navigate and to maintain their groups. We recorded the roars of wild Steller sea lions that had landed on reefs on the west coast of Hokkaido, and those of captive sea lions, while making video recordings. A total of 300 roars of wild sea lions and 870 roars of captive sea lions were sampled. The fundamental frequency ($F_0$), formant frequency ($F_1$), pulse repetition rate (PRR), and duration of syllables (T) were analyzed using a sonagraph. $F_0$, $F_1$, and PRR of the roars emitted by captive sea lions increased in the order male, female, and juvenile. By contrast, the $F_1$ of wild males was lower than that of females, while the $F_0$ and PRR of wild males and females did not differ statistically. Moreover, the $F_0$ and $F_1$ frequencies for captive sea lions were higher than those of wild sea lions, while PRR in captive sea lions was lower than in wild sea lions. Since there was a linear relationship between body length and the $F_0$ and $F_1$ frequencies in captive sea lions, the body length distribution of wild sea lions could be estimated from the $F_0$ and $F_1$ frequency distribution using a regression equation. These results roughly agree with the body length distribution derived from photographic geometry. As the volume of the oral cavity and the length of the vocal cords are generally proportional to body length, sampled roars can provide useful information about a population, such as the body length distribution and sex ratio.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2023

Wild boar is closely related to domestic pigs in terms of genetic homogeneity and the possibility of a source of infection by contact. This study investigated the prevalence of viral diseases from wild boars inhabiting Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea. A total of 374 blood samples were collected and subjected to antigen tests to detect African swine fever virus (ASFV), Porcine circovirus type-2 (PCV2), Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). For seroprevalence, PCV2, PRRS, classical swine fever virus (CSFV), Aujezsky's disease (ADV), and foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) were investigated. The antigenic analysis revealed 73 positive cases (19.5%) for PCV2, while no positive cases for ASFV and PRRSV. For the antibody test, 225 (60.2%), 2 (0.5%), and 48 (12.8%) cases were detected against PCV2, PRRSV, and CSFV, respectively. There were no antibodies detected against both ADV and FMDV. Our results suggest that the viruses infecting both wild boar and domestic pig, mainly PCV2, are circulating in the wild boar population thus, the consistent monitoring of prevalence in wild boar will be needed for transboundary spillover to the domestic pig.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.282-284
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• 2015

본 증례는 야생 수리부엉이에서 혈액도말과 유전자 분석으로 무증상의 헤모프로테우스 감염을 확인한 것이다. 이것은 대한민국의 야생 수리부엉이에서의 헤모프로테우스 감염을 처음 보고한 것으로 야생 텃새들이 가금의 헤모프로테우스 감염원이 될 수 있음을 제시한다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2010

The wild silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is a polyphagous silk producing insect that feeds on Terminalia arjuna, T. tomentosa and Shorea robusta and is distributed in the forest belts in different states of India. Phenotypically distinct populations of the A. mylitta are called "eco-race" or "ecotypes". Genetic improvement of this wild silkworm has not progressed much due to lack of adequate information on the factors that control the expression of most of the economically important traits. Considering the amazing technological advances taking place in molecular biology, it is envisaged that it is now possible to take greater control on these intractable traits if a combination of genetic, molecular and bioinformatics tools are used. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping is one such approach that has extensively been used in both animal and plant system to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for a number of economically important traits. LD mapping has a number of advantages over conventional biparental linkage mapping. Therefore, LD mapping is considered more efficient for gene discovery to meet the challenge of connecting sequence diversity with heritable phenotypic differences. However, care must be taken to avoid detection of spurious associations which may occur due to population structure and variety interrelationships. In this review, we discuss how LD mapping is suitable for the dissection of complex traits in wild silkworms (Antheraea mylitta).

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.179-183
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• 1997

십자화과 식물에 검은썩음병을 일으키는 Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris에 대하여 담배 18품종 중 가장 과민반응을 강하게 나타내는 품종(Nicotiana tabacum cv. TC500)을 과민반응 비기주식물로 선발하였다. NTG 돌연변이를 실시하여 얻은 약 4,500개의 mutant들을 $10^{8}$ cells/ml의 농도로 주사 접종하여 비기주식물인 담배 잎에서 과민반응을 유도하지 않는 HR-mutans(XHN 514-774, XHN 620-831)를 선발하였고, 기주식물인 양배추 잎에서 병원성을 나타내지 않는 비병원성변이주(XPN 1001)를 선발하였다. HR mutant를 기주식물인 양배추에 접종한 결과 병원성을 나타내었고, nonpathogenic mutant를 비기주식물인 담배잎에 접종한 결과 과민반응을 유도하였다. 담배 잎에서 HR-mutant와 wild type의 population를 조사한 결과 wild type은 24시간 이후 급격히 감소하는 반면, HR mutant는 일정수준을 유지하였으나 72시간 이후에 감소하였다. 그리고 mutant들의 protease, cellulase, amylase, polygalacturonate lyase 분비여부를 조사한 결과 wild type과 비슷하게 분비하였다.