• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 1997년도 Proceedings of KIN-CIN Joint Symposium 97 on Safety of Shipping and History of Maritime Communication between Korea and China around 9th Century
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• pp.185-202
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• 1997

Hull forms of ancient ships in Korea and China have been changed according to their voyages and routes. Therefore it is necessary for shipbuilding engineers to reestablish the ancient shipbuilding history, and to presume, restore and revive the lost cultural inheritances. We, however, do not have many historical documents or credible materials that can our ancestors' great shipbuilding techniques : at the same time we do not have paid much attention to the research on such documents and materials. This paper aims not only to study and compare shifting process of ancient ship's hull forms in Korea and China by making use of verifiable materials obtained in the process of excavating and restoring Shinan ancient ship. The results of comparing structural characteristics and hull forms of ancient ships in Korea and China and as follwing : (1) Korean ancient ships have transverse beam instead of frame . Judged from the bottomform, Korean ancient ships are grooved clinker type ships of flat bottom type, in which bottom planking is fixed by wooden bar. (2) Chinese ancient ships have transverse bulkhead structure instead of frame, Judged from the bottom form , Chinese ancient ships are rabetted clinker type ships of V-bottom type with a bar keel. The form , the position, and the size of a sail are closely related with the wind force. It is not only quite difficult to presume forms and sizes of ancient ships' sails precisely, but also impossible to come to an accurate conclusion wihtout much experience. Current 10-year-statistics of the wind force are used to obtain presumed routes of ancient ships in Korea and China. Conclusions obtained from the hull form , sail form and size , and mast height of Shinan ancient ship will provide credible data for sea trade routes and transformation capability, and wil be used for effective materials on the study of the shifting process of ancient ships in Korea and China.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.67-83
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• 1998

A quasi-experiment, repeated measures design with non-equivalent control group was used to test the influence of cold therapy on the perineal discomfort and the healing state of the postpartum women undergoing vaginal delivery with episiotomy. Experiment was carried out from July 28, through October 2, 1996 with 40 postpartum women conveniently sampled from one university hospital located in Seoul. The 40 postpartum women undergoing vaginal delivery with episiotomy were as signed to experimental and control groups evenly(20 each). The instrument of measurement of perineal discomfort was 0-10 rating scale that was made by researcher and that of perineal healing state was Davidson's REEDA tool. The perineal discomfort and the healing state level were measured before and after each treatment. The treatment using ice glove that was given for the only experimental group was carried out at three points ; as soon as returning to the recovery room, 3 hours after returning to the recovery room and 6 hours after returning to the recovery room. The data was analysed by using t-test, chi-square test to determine the similarity between experimental and control groups. The hypotheses were tested using repeated measures ANOVA. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1. The first hypothesis that the perineal discomfort level of the experimental group will be significantly lower than that of the control group(df(1,38), F=24.12, p=.0001) was supported. 2. The second hypothesis that the perineal healing state of the experimental group wil be better than that of the control group(df(1,38), F=0.48, p=.49) was not supported. Based on the results of this study, could therapy was turned out to have significant effect on the perineal discomfort of the postpartum women undergoing vaginal delivery with episiotomy.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.186-192
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• 1983

오이덩굴쪼김병균 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum의 소형분생포자는 물한천배지상에서 Fe-EDDHA를 처리하였을 때 시간이 경과됨에 따라 발아율이 증가되어 무처리와 유의차를 보이지 않았으나 발아관의 길이는 현저하게 짧았다. Pseudomonas putid의 Siderophore를 처리하였을 때는 포자의 발아율과군사신장이 모두 현저하게 억제되었다. 토양중에 형성된 후막포자가 발아하는데 필요한 영양물질로 Glucose; Peptone을 각각 $0.25\%$씩 첨가하였을 때 $90\%$에 달하는 높은 발아율을 나타냈고, Glucose $0.25\%$와 Asparagine $0.25\%$를 첨가한 처리도 $86\%$의 발아율을 보였다. 오이의 근권토양에서 후막포자는 발아후 10일된 유묘에서 $25\%$의 발아율을 보인 반면 2일된 유묘에서는 $14\%$ 정도 밖에 안되었으며, 10일 이상 경과된 묘에서도 발아율이 증가되지 않았다. 근권토양에 Fe-EDDHA를 첨가한 처리와 P. putida를 접종한 처리는 후막포자의 발아를 현저히 억제하였으며, 근권부위에 영양물질을 첨가한 처리에서도 같은 경향이었다. 그러나 비근권토양에 영양물질을 첨가하여 후막포자를 발아시켰을 경우 Fe-EDDHA나 P. putida의 발아 억제 효과가 뚜렷하게 인정되지 않았다. 근권토양에서 후막포자 발아 억제효과는 Fe-EDDHA보다 P. putida를 접증한 처리가 더 큰것으로 나타났다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.564-577
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• 1999

본 연구는 학생들이 갖고 있는 입자개념과 분자운동에 관한 개념을 바탕으로 기체의 상태변화, 분자운동, 압력과 부피, 기체법칙 등 기체의 성질과 관련된 중${\cdot}$고등학생들의 오개념을 조사하고, 그 오개념의 분포상황을 고찰함으로서 개념 학습의 효율화를 추구하고, 교사에게는 관련 단원의 학습 전개에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 이를 위해 중학교 3학년 1O0명, 고등학교 2학년 150명을 대상으로 기체의 성질과 관련된 개념조사 문항지를 개발하여 오개념의 유형을 조사하엿다. 그 결과 학생들은 기체의 성질에 대한 다양한 오개념을 가지고 있었으며, 주 오개념은 다음과 같다.(1) '기체 분자들끼리 부딪혀 에너지를 방츨한다' 또는 '기체 분자들 사이에 공기가 채워져 압력이 나타난다'를 비롯하여 '압력이 작용하는 방향은 중력 방향과 관련 있다', (2) 온도에 따른 부피변화에서 '분자가 열을 받으면 분자의 크기가 커져 부피가 증가한다'와 '분자수가 증가해 분자들의 운동이 활발하다', (3) 고도에 따른 압력과 부피 개념에서는 지상에서 높이 을라감에 따라 압력이 낮아지는 것은 온도가 낮아지기 때문이다'와 '기체 분자의 압력은 기체분자의 충돌 수에 반비례한다', (4) '분자의 크기가 다르므로 같은 부피에 존재하는 분자수가 다르다' 등이었다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1995

Purpose : To investigate the effect of alkaloid fraction from Korean ginseng on radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks (dsb) formation and repair in murine lymphocytes Materials and Methods : We used the neutral filter elution technique to assay $^{60}Co\;{\gamma}$ ray-induced DNA double strand breaks formation and repair in C57BL/6 mouse spleen lymphocytes for evaluating the dose-response relationship in the presence of alkaloid fraction as a radioprotective agent. The lymphocytes were stimulated with Phytohemagglutinin (PHA, 2 u g/ml) to label $^3[H]-thymidine.$ Isotope-labelled lymphocytes in suspension were exposed to 100 Gy at $0^{\cdot}C$ in the alkaloid fraction-treated group and elution procedure was performed at PH 9.6. The extents of formation of radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks and repair were compared respectively via strand scission factor (SSF) and relative strand scission factor (RSSF). Results: Alkaloid fraction reduced the formation of double strand breaks with dose modification factor of 2 15, compared to control group Rejoining of DNA dsb appeared to take place via two components. The first fast component was completed within 20.4 minutes, but the second slow component was not completed until 220.2 minutes after irradiation. About $30\%$ of dsb formed by irradiation was ultimately unrejoined despite the administration of alkaloid fraction. The administration of alkaloid fraction had a great effect on the second slow component of repair; the half-time of fast component repair was not changed, but that of slow component was 621.8 minutes. Conclusion: Neutral filter elution assay Proved to be a very effective method to quantitate the extents of DNA dsb formation and its repair. By using this technique, we were able to evaluate the efficiency of alkaloid fraction from Korean ginseng as a valuable radioprotector. Alkaloid fraction can be used prophylactically to prevent or ameliorate the severe radiation damages in workers and neighbors around the atomic power plants. For more refined study, however, more advanced purification of alkaloid fraction wil be needed in the near future.